ADDUCTS OF LEVOPIMARIC ACID WITH ACRYLIC ACID AND ETHANEDITHIOL AS ACID CORROSION INHIBITORS OF METALS

The adducts were synthesized by means of diene condensation reaction of levopimaric acid with acrylic acid, and through carrying out the free radical addition of ethandithiol to levopimaric acid. The composition and structure of these adducts were identified through data of the elemental analysis, IR and PMR spectroscopy. The efficiency of the synthesized diacids as corrosion inhibitors was determined by means of the gravimetric method (on mass losses of a sample of steel plate of mark C-3) in an acidic medium (solutions of 1H and 5H of sulfuric acid). The influence of the medium temperature and concentration of the used compounds on the degree of protection and corrosion inhibition coefficient was analyzed. It found that rise in temperature results in the increase of protective effect of the inhibitor. Note that the increase of the inhibitor concentration, raising the degree of protection though, is not so noticeable.

Switchable Hydroxysulfonyloxylation and Defluorination-Decarboxylation Sulfonylation of gem-Difluoroalkenes with Sodium Sulfinate via Aerobic Oxidation

A novel and attractive aerobic oxidative hydroxysulfonyloxylation of gem-difluoroalkenes with sodium sulfinate via free radical addition has been developed. In addition, successive defluorination-decarboxylation sulfonylation of gem-difluoroalkenes in the presence of...

Design and Preparation of Polysulfide Flexible Polymers Based on Cottonseed Oil and Its Derivatives

Polysulfide-derived polymers with a controllable density and mechanical strength were designed and prepared successfully using bio-based cottonseed oil (CO) and its derivatives, including fatty acid of cottonseed oil (COF) and sodium soap of cottonseed oil (COS). The reaction features of CO, COF and COS for polysulfide polymers were investigated and compared. Based on the free radical addition mechanism, COF reacts with sulfur to generate serials of polysulfide-derived polymers. COF strongly influences the density and tensile strength of these polymer composites. Whereas COS was not involved in the reaction with sulfur, as a filler, it could increase the density and tensile strength of polysulfide-derived polymers. Moreover, the results showed that these samples had an excellent reprocessability and recyclability. These polysulfide-based polymers, with an adjustable density and mechanical strength based on CO and derivatives, could have potential applications as bio-based functional supplementary additives.

Synthesis of copolymeric hydrogels of acrylamide and 2-(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and its use for the adsorption of basic blue 3 dye

Homo and copolymer hydrogels of acrylamide and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were synthesized by free radical addition polymerization. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). The hydrogels were used as an adsorbent for the removal of toxic azo dye Basic blue 3 (BB3) in aqueous medium. To check the swelling property the equilibrium swelling of these synthesized hydrogels were established within 24 h. The effect of pH, time and temperature in the process of BB3 adsorption was studied in detail. The maximum adsorption of BB3 on hydrogels was occurred at pH 9 with 60 min equilibration time. The kinetic data were applied to pseudo first order, pseudo second order and intraparticle diffusion model. The obtained results indicate that the adsorption process, obey pseudo second order kinetics and is diffusion control. The negative value of ΔS and positive values of ΔG and ΔH showed that the adsorption process is orderliness, non-spontaneous and endothermic respectively in nature. The hydrogels were successfully regenerated from the mixture and used again in several steps without a reduction in their efficiency.

Organophosphorus-selenium/tellurium reagents: from synthesis to applications

Organic selenium- and tellurium-phosphorus compounds have found wide application as reagents in synthetic inorganic and organic chemistry, such as oxygen/chalcogen exchange, oxidation/reduction, nucleophilic/electrophilic substitution, nucleophilic addition, free radical addition, Diels–Alder reaction, cycloadditions, coordination, and so on. This chapter covers the main classes of phosphorus-selenium/tellurium reagents, including binary phosphorus-selenium/tellurium species, organophosphorus(III)-selenium/tellurium compounds, phosphorus(V)-selenides/tellurides, diselenophosphinates/ditellurophopshinates, diselenaphosphetane diselenides, Woollins’ reagent, phosphorus-selenium/tellurium amides, and imides. Given the huge amount of literature up to mid-2017, this overview is inevitably selective and will focus particularly on their synthesis, reactivity, and applications in synthetic and coordination chemistry.