Seasonal changes in stress metabolites of native and introduced red algae in New Zealand

AbstractIntertidal algae have to cope with diurnally and seasonally fluctuating environmental factors such as salinity, temperature, dehydration, and light. In New Zealand, solar radiation, including the ultraviolet wavelengths, is also an important stress factor for such algae. Therefore, two native (Bostrychia arbuscula W.H.Harvey [Ceramiales], Champia novae-zelandiae (J.D.Hooker & Harvey) Harvey [Rhodymeniales]) and one introduced red algal taxon (Schizymenia spp. J. Agardh [Nemastomatales]) were investigated over 12 months in terms of stress metabolites which contribute to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and salinity tolerance. Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), which act as sunscreens, and organic osmolytes were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Porphyra-334, shinorine, and palythine were the most dominant MAAs yet distributed differently among the species. B. arbuscula showed a correlation between photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)/UVR and slightly higher MAA concentrations in summer. In contrast, C. novae-zelandiae displayed the lowest level of MAAs in summer, and no correlation was found between MAA values and solar radiation. In Schizymenia spp., the highest MAA amounts were found in summer, and for most months, a correlation with PAR/UV radiation was visible. While digeneaside and sorbitol were the dominant organic osmolytes in B. arbuscula, floridoside occurred in C. novae-zelandiae and Schizymenia spp. Only B. arbuscula exhibited higher organic osmolyte concentrations in summer. In contrast, floridoside contents in C. novae-zelandiae and Schizymenia spp. were low and highly variable over the course of the seasons. Our data indicate that both native red algal species are well acclimated to the intertidal zone. For the introduced Schizymenia spp., a more narrow salinity tolerance can be assumed, while the high MAA values may explain its establishment in New Zealand.

Download Full-text

The coexistence of cryptic algal species: Temporal and spatial distribution of filamentous members of the red algal order Bangiales in the Wellington region

10.26686/wgtn.17005666 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Rebecca Ansell

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

New Zealand ◽

Algal Species ◽

Small Scale ◽

Molecular Tools ◽

Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽

Culture Studies ◽

Single Location ◽

Red Algal ◽

Temporal And Spatial

<p>Current research on marine cryptic species, through the use of molecular tools, is revealing unexpected diversity and relationships [...]. A number of cryptic filamentous Bangiales have been recorded from Wellington, New Zealand; all morphologically indistinguishable and all apparently occupying the same niche within the upper inter-tidal. Researchers have reported finding more than one member of the filamentous Bangiales coexisting at a single location in Wellington’s inner harbour (Farr et al. 2001, Wendy Nelson pers. comm.). This raises the question: to what extent are these cryptic lineages coexisting? Are there differences in their temporal and spatial distribution? Does distribution at a small-scale, within sites in the Wellington region, reflect the physiological differences and ecological adaption reported from the culture studies of Bödeker et al. 2008? This research sought to investigate the small-scale distribution of these cryptic lineages to test for temporal or spatial variation, and draw conclusions about the nature of their coexistence in the Wellington region. To achieve this, samples were taken from six sites in Wellington over a period of nine months. Molecular methods, as described in Chapter 2, were utilised to identify the various taxa. This identification data then provided the basis for the ecological analyses presented in Chapter 3.</p>

Download Full-text

The coexistence of cryptic algal species: Temporal and spatial distribution of filamentous members of the red algal order Bangiales in the Wellington region

10.26686/wgtn.17005666.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Rebecca Ansell

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

New Zealand ◽

Algal Species ◽

Small Scale ◽

Molecular Tools ◽

Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽

Culture Studies ◽

Single Location ◽

Red Algal ◽

Temporal And Spatial

Download Full-text

Distribution and Seasonality of Macroalgae on Oyster Communities of Central Chesapeake Bay

Botanica Marina ◽

10.1515/botm-1980-1108 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 23 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Judith L. Connor

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Sexual Reproduction ◽

Chesapeake Bay ◽

Physical Environment ◽

Algal Species ◽

Light Availability ◽

Field Studies ◽

Spatial And Temporal Distributions ◽

Red Algal ◽

Study Sites

AbstractField studies of the benthic macroalgae of fifteen selected Chesapeake Bay oyster communities were conducted over a period of a year (March 1977 to February 1978). Algal distribu tion and seasonal occurrence were studied in relation to changes in the physical environment. Salinity, temperature, and light availability were important factors in the spatial and temporal distributions of algae in these subtidal habitats.Seventeen species of Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta were recorded from the fifteen study sites distributed over 130 kilometers within the Maryland portion of Chesapeake Bay. Species of Chlorophyta were associated with oyster communities throughout the year of study with maximum numbers of species and maximum biomass occurring in spring. Only once was a member of the Phaeophyta encountered; a single filamentous species, Ectocarpus, was collected during winter. Species of Rhodophyta were present throughout the year at the study sites.Most of the algae collected reproduced asexually by spores and/or vegetative fragments. Sexual reproduction occurred in some of the red algal species. The presence of tetrasporic and cystocarpic plants of Dasya baillouviana and Polysiphonia harveyi var. olneyi may indicate that the usual triphasic Florideophycean life history occurs in this estuary.

Download Full-text

Water soluble ions of atmospheric aerosols in three New Zealand cities: seasonal changes and sources

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/s1352-2310(01)00437-x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 35 (34) ◽

pp. 6031-6040 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Haobo Wang ◽

David Shooter

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Atmospheric Aerosols ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Soluble Ions ◽

Water Soluble Ions

Download Full-text

Cryptic Cryptogam Revealed: Hypnea corona (Gigartinales: Cystocloniaceae), a New Red Algal Species Described from the Hypnea cornuta Complex1,2

Pacific Science ◽

10.2984/75.2.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

Author(s):

John M. Huisman ◽

Roberta D'Archino ◽

Wendy Nelson ◽

Sung Min Boo ◽

Antonella Petrocelli

Keyword(s):

Algal Species ◽

Red Algal

Download Full-text

The volume-sensitive organic osmolyte-anion channel VSOAC is regulated by nonhydrolytic ATP binding

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.5.c1203 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 267 (5) ◽

pp. C1203-C1209 ◽

Cited By ~ 98

Author(s):

P. S. Jackson ◽

R. Morrison ◽

K. Strange

Keyword(s):

Ketone Bodies ◽

Anion Channel ◽

Metabolic Inhibitors ◽

Cell Swelling ◽

Organic Osmolytes ◽

Pipette Solution ◽

Organic Osmolyte ◽

Atp Levels ◽

Patch Pipette ◽

Taurine Efflux

Efflux of intracellular organic osmolytes to the external medium is a ubiquitous response to cell swelling. Accumulating evidence indicates that volume regulatory loss of structurally unrelated organic osmolytes from cells is mediated by a relatively nonselective volume-sensitive anion channel. In C6 cells, we have termed this channel VSOAC for volume-sensitive organic osmolyte-anion channel. Swelling-induced activation of VSOAC required the presence of ATP or nonhydrolyzable ATP analogues [adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate), adenylylmethyl-enediphosphonate (AMP-PCP), or 5'-adenylylimidodiphosphate] in the patch pipette. Sustained activation of VSOAC also required ATP. Channel rundown was observed when cellular ATP levels were lowered by intracellular dialysis with the patch pipette solution. Rundown was prevented by the ATP analogue AMP-PCP. Passive swelling-induced myo-[3H]inositol and [3H]taurine efflux was blocked by metabolic inhibitors that decreased cellular ATP levels. Titration of cellular ATP levels with azide demonstrated that the apparent dissociation constant (Kd) for ATP of both myo-inositol and taurine efflux was approximately 1.7 mM. The high Kd for ATP indicates that cellular metabolic state plays an important role in modulating organic osmolyte loss. Regulation of VSOAC activity by ATP prevents depletion of metabolically expensive organic osmolytes when cellular energy production is reduced. In addition, ATP-dependent regulation provides essential feedback to minimize the loss of energy-producing carbon sources such as pyruvate, short-chain fatty acids, ketone bodies, and amino acids, which readily permeate this channel.

Download Full-text