Mass Effect – 1st Place

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Pan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Effect

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of malign edema complication after arteriovenous malformation radiosurgery

2019 ◽  
pp. 713-717
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Vasogenic Edema ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Left Frontal Lobe ◽  
Steroid Resistant ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
Martin Grade

A 16-year-old female patient with headache was admitted to our hospital. Radiological examination showed a Spetzler- Martin Grade III arteriovenous malformation (AVM) located at the left frontal lobe. Volume-staged stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) treatment performed in two fractions at three-month intervals and post-procedural period were uneventful. Eight months later the patient was admitted to our hospital with headache, vomiting, right-sided facial palsy and right upper extremity paresthesia. Radiological examination demonstrated severe vasogenic edema in the left centrum semiovale and temporal region. Due to severe and steroid-resistant malign edema, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy was performed as an alternative treatment option. Neurological symptoms resolved completely after HBO2. Radiological examination demonstrated serious improvement of brain edema and mass effect.

Mass effect and death from severe acute stroke

Neurology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1090-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Pullicino ◽  
A. V. Alexandrov ◽  
J. A. Shelton ◽  
N. A. Alexandrova ◽  
L. T. Smurawska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Mass Effect

Shell mass effect on the hot-spot pressure in inertial confinement fusion implosion

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 032713
Author(s):  
Dongguo Kang ◽  
Huasen Zhang ◽  
Shiyang Zou ◽  
Wudi Zheng ◽  
Shaoping Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Shell Mass ◽  
Confinement Fusion

scholarly journals Novel in vivo depiction of optic nerves hemorrhages in child abuse: a 3D-SWI pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Zuccoli
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Abusive Head Trauma ◽  
Superficial Siderosis ◽  
Susceptibility Artifacts ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Statistical Correlations ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Purpose Until now, the diagnosis of optic nerves hemorrhages in abusive head trauma (AHT) has been obtained only in the postmortem setting. The aim of the IRB-approved study was to assess the presence of optic nerves hemorrhages in AHT patients using 3D-SWI. Methods Thirteen children with a final confirmed multidisciplinary diagnosis of AHT underwent coronal and axial 3D-SWI imaging of the orbits. The presence of optic nerve sheath (ONS) hemorrhages was defined by thickening and marked 3D-SWI hypointensity of the ONS, resulting in mass effect upon the CSF space. Optic nerve (ON) hemorrhages were defined by areas of susceptibility artifacts in the ON parenchyma. Superficial siderosis was defined by susceptibility artifact coating the ON. Furthermore, data about post-traumatic deformity of the ONS at the head of the optic nerve were collected. Results The average age of the population was 7.9 ± 5.9 months old. The average GCS was 11.8 ± 4.5. The male to female ratio was 7:6. ONS hemorrhages were identified in 69.2% of cases. Superficial siderosis and ON hemorrhages were identified in 38.5 and 76.9% of cases, respectively. 3D-SWI also depicted traumatic deformity of the ONS at the level of the optic nerve head in 10 cases (76.9%). No statistical correlations were identified between RetCam findings and 3D-SWI findings or GCS and ON hemorrhages. Conclusion This research shows that dedicated MRI with volumetric SWI of the orbits can depict hemorrhages in the ON, ONS, and ONS injury, in AHT victims.

scholarly journals Fetus in fetu: two case reports from North African country

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moutaz Ragab ◽  
Omar Nagy Abdelhakeem ◽  
Omar Mansour ◽  
Mai Gad ◽  
Hesham Anwar Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Mature Teratoma ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Fetus In Fetu ◽  
Vascular Connection ◽  
First Case

Abstract Background Fetus in fetu is a rare congenital anomaly. The exact etiology is unclear; one of the mostly accepted theories is the occurrence of an embryological insult occurring in a diamniotic monochorionic twin leading to asymmetrical division of the blastocyst mass. Commonly, they present in the infancy with clinical picture related to their mass effect. About 80% of cases are in the abdomen retroperitoneally. Case presentation We present two cases of this rare condition. The first case was for a 10-year-old girl that presented with anemia and abdominal mass, while the second case was for a 4-month-old boy that was diagnosed antenatally by ultrasound. Both cases had vertebrae, recognizable fetal organs, and skin coverage. Both had a distinct sac. The second case had a vascular connection with the host arising from the superior mesenteric artery. Both cases were intra-abdominal and showed normal levels of alpha-fetoprotein. Histopathological examination revealed elements from the three germ layers without any evidence of immature cells ruling out teratoma as a differential diagnosis. Conclusions Owing to its rarity, fetus in fetu requires a high degree of suspicion and meticulous surgical techniques to avoid either injury of the adjacent vital structures or bleeding from the main blood supply connection to the host. It should be differentiated from mature teratoma.

scholarly journals A Bitter Pill to Swallow: Pseudoachalasia Secondary to Oesophageal Deviation Resulting from Mediastinal Shift and Left Atrial Enlargement after Left Lower Lobectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 652-657
Author(s):  
Magali M.V.P. Surmont ◽  
Maridi Aerts ◽  
Rastislav Kunda ◽  
Sébastien Kindt
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrial ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Lower Oesophageal Sphincter ◽  
Left Atrial Enlargement ◽  
High Resolution Manometry ◽  
Lower Lobectomy ◽  
First Case ◽  
Idiopathic Achalasia ◽  
Mediastinal Shift ◽  
Atrial Enlargement

Pseudoachalasia, also known as secondary achalasia, is a rare clinical condition mimicking idiopathic achalasia but unrelated to primary loss of nitrergic innervation. It has mostly been attributed to malignancy infiltrating the oesophageal wall, but several other benign underlying pathologies have been reported. Because of similar manometric appearance, high-resolution manometry (HRM) of the oesophagus alone cannot distinguish between idiopathic achalasia and pseudoachalasia. Misdiagnosis can result in ineffective treatment by dilatation or even more invasive therapy. This is the first case-report of pseudoachalasia secondary to oesophageal deviation resulting from mediastinal shift and left atrial enlargement following prior left lower lobectomy. HRM, the gold standard for the diagnosis of achalasia, confirmed the incomplete relaxation of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LES) in absence of normal oesophageal peristalsis. However, additional workup with CAT scan and cardiac ultrasound identified an anatomical shift by the extrinsic mass effect resulting from the atrial enlargement, but without contrast retention at the LES.

scholarly journals Transcavernous Approach for Gross Total Resection of a Dumbbell-Shaped Giant Trigeminal Schwannoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Sayyahmelli ◽  
Emel Avci ◽  
Burak Ozaydin ◽  
Mustafa K. Başkaya
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
World Health ◽  
Gross Total Resection ◽  
Petrous Apex ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Trigeminal Schwannoma

AbstractTrigeminal schwannomas are rare nerve sheet tumors that represent the second most common intracranial site of occurrence after vestibular nerve origins. Microsurgical resection of giant dumbbell-shaped trigeminal schwannomas often requires complex skull base approaches. The extradural transcavernous approach is effective for the resection of these giant tumors involving the cavernous sinus.The patient is a 72-year-old man with headache, dizziness, imbalance, and cognitive decline. Neurological examination revealed left-sided sixth nerve palsy, a diminished corneal reflex, and wasting of temporalis muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a giant homogeneously enhancing dumbbell-shaped extra-axial mass centered within the left cavernous sinus, Meckel's cave, and the petrous apex, with extension to the cerebellopontine angle. There was a significant mass effect on the brain stem causing hydrocephalus. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed erosion of the petrous apex resulting in partial anterior autopetrosectomy (Figs. 1 and 2).The decision was made to proceed with tumor resection using a transcavernous approach. Gross total resection was achieved. The surgery and postoperative course were uneventful, and the patient woke up the same as in the preoperative period. MRI confirmed gross total resection of the tumor. The histopathology was a trigeminal schwannoma, World Health Organization (WHO) grade I. The patient continues to do well without any recurrence at 15-month follow-up.This video demonstrates important steps of the microsurgical skull base techniques for resection of these challenging tumors.The link to the video can be found at https://youtu.be/TMK5363836M

Transpalpebral Superolateral Orbitotomy for Orbital Cavernous Hemangioma Extirpation: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. E300-E300
Author(s):  
Adrien T May ◽  
Ramona Guatta ◽  
Torstein R Meling
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Cavernous Hemangioma ◽  
Healthy Woman ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Nerve Compression ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Patient Consent

Abstract Cavernous hemangiomas of the orbit are low-pressure vascular tumors. Usually benign, they become symptomatic by the local mass effect, pushing the eyeball forward, causing exophthalmia, by oculomotor muscle and nerve compression causing diplopia or by optic nerve compression, leading to visual impairment.  Radiotherapy is of limited value in their treatment because of the fragility of the optic nerve and subsequent blindness risk. Surgery remains the gold standard and definitive treatment. We illustrate in this video a transpalpebral superolateral orbitotomy and extirpation of an orbital cavernous hemangioma.  A 52-yr-old healthy woman was sent for neurosurgical consultation by her ophthalmologist. She described a history of progressive unilateral right exophthalmia in the last months. A cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 2.5-cm-large orbital lesion located superiorly and laterally to the eyeball. Surgery was proposed and accepted by the patient. The frontozygomatic component of the orbital rim needed to be removed to safely extirpate the cavernous hemangioma without exerting unnecessary and risky pressure on the eyeball.1,2 We decided to go for a superolateral orbitotomy via a transpalpebral incision.3 Total removal of the lesion was achieved with no complication. Exophthalmia normalized.  Written patient consent was obtained for use and publication of their image after complete information. The patient consented to the surgery.

scholarly journals The Isotope Effect for Electromigration of Sodium Ions in Molten Sodium Nitrate

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-293
Author(s):  
Nobufusa Saito ◽  
Katsumi Hirano ◽  
Kohei Okuyama ◽  
Isao Okada
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Isotope Effect ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Internal Mass ◽  
Sodium Ions ◽  
Molten Sodium

AbstractThe relative difference (Δb/b) between the internal electromigration mobilities of 22Na and 24Na in molten NaNO3 has been measured in the range 340 - 515 °C. The internal mass effect, μint= (Δb/b)/(Δm/m) is - 0.056 at 340 °C (melting point 308 °C), - 0.079 at 435 °C and - 0.068 at 515 °C. The errors in μint are ±0.002.

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