Radon activity concentrations in Jale and Mersaid warm water springs in Koya District, Kurdistan Region-Iraq

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saddon. T. Ahmad ◽  
Iyad A. Almuhsin ◽  
Wali M. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Warm Water ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Water Springs

scholarly journals A comparison of the dose from natural radionuclides and artificial radionuclides after the Fukushima nuclear accident

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Hosoda ◽  
Shinji Tokonami ◽  
Yasutaka Omori ◽  
Tetsuo Ishikawa ◽  
Kazuki Iwaoka
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Temporary Housing ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Artificial Radionuclides ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Fdnpp Accident ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Average Effective Dose

Abstract Due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, the evacuees from Namie Town still cannot reside in the town, and some continue to live in temporary housing units. In this study, the radon activity concentrations were measured at temporary housing facilities, apartments and detached houses in Fukushima Prefecture in order to estimate the annual internal exposure dose of residents. A passive radon–thoron monitor (using a CR-39) and a pulse-type ionization chamber were used to evaluate the radon activity concentration. The average radon activity concentrations at temporary housing units, including a medical clinic, apartments and detached houses, were 5, 7 and 9 Bq m −3 , respectively. Assuming the residents lived in these facilities for one year, the average annual effective doses due to indoor radon in each housing type were evaluated as 0.18, 0.22 and 0.29 mSv, respectively. The average effective doses to all residents in Fukushima Prefecture due to natural and artificial sources were estimated using the results of the indoor radon measurements and published data. The average effective dose due to natural sources for the evacuees from Namie Town was estimated to be 1.9 mSv. In comparison, for the first year after the FDNPP accident, the average effective dose for the evacuees due to artificial sources from the accident was 5.0 mSv. Although residents' internal and external exposures due to natural radionuclides cannot be avoided, it might be possible to lower external exposure due to the artificial radionuclides by changing some behaviors of residents.

scholarly journals Analysis of radon and radium content in springs of the city of Ekaterinburg and its outskirts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Gamma Line ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Supply Systems

Despite development of central water supply systems, springs still remain to be important sources of drinking water. In this work, the study of water quality in springs of Yekaterinburg city and its settlements was performed with the attention to radiological factor. Activity concentrations of radium-226 were determined in water of 20 springs. Methods. Determination of the radon-222 activities of was performed using gamma-spectrometry vis the equilibrium bismuth-214 gamma line. To determine radium-226, 5-liter water samples were taken, the radium was preconcentrated on a T-5 sorbent; then radium was separated on a thinlayer MnO2-PE sorbent followed by measurement on an alpha spectrometer. Results. In the vast majority of cases, activity concentrations of radium-226 were lower than the detection limit (0.3 Bq/L); the maximal activity concentration of 1.03 ± 0.27 was found that corresponded to the internal dose of 0.21 ± 0.05 μSv/y due to daily consumption of this water. No correlations were found between content of radium-226 and concentrations of radon-222, uranium-238 and alkaline earth ions. At the period of 09.2020 – 06.2021, monitoring of radon activity was performed in seven springs with previously found high radon content. Significant seasonal variations of radon activity were found; for some springs the difference between the minimal and the maximal activity reached 3. In the most cases, increase of radon activity occurred in water during winter that can be explained by both an increase of radon solubility in cold water and a decrease of flowrate.

Indoor radon activity concentrations and effective dose rates at houses in the Afyonkarahisar province of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Ali Yalım ◽  
Ayla Gümüş ◽  
Duygu Açil ◽  
Rıdvan Ünal ◽  
Ahmet Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Activity Concentrations

scholarly journals Radon concentrations in multi-story buildings in Montenegro

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Perko Vukotic ◽  
Ranko Zekic ◽  
Nevenka Antovic ◽  
Tomislav Andjelic
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Floor Level ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Radon Concentrations

Change of radon concentrations in dwellings with floor level was studied in six multi-story buildings, in four towns of Montenegro with different climate conditions. The annual aver- age radon activity concentrations in 35 dwellings are found to be very low, mostly at a level of 20-30 Bqm?3. Absorbed gamma dose rates in these dwellings are in the range of 14-58 nGyh?1. The low radon concentrations are a consequence of a good tightness of the structures in contact with the ground and a small contribution of building materials to radon indoors. A clear general trend of changes in radon concentrations with floor level is not observed. In most of the dwellings on different floors in the multi-story building radon concentration varies very little, mostly within measurement error. A small decrease in radon concentration is noted between the two or three floors closest to the ground, but only in some of the buildings. Therefore, a decrease of indoor radon concentration with floor level cannot be considered as a general characteristic of multi-story buildings. Although the seasonal radon variations have not been in the focus of this study, it was found that the average radon activity concentrations in dwellings of the multi-story buildings are higher in warmer than in cooler half-year period, what is contrary to the general rule for homes in the world and in Montenegro as well.

scholarly journals Exploration and Investigation of High-Level Radon Medicinal Springs in the Crystalline Units: Lugicum

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Viktor Goliáš ◽  
Lenka Hájková ◽  
Tomáš Lipanský ◽  
Tomáš Černík ◽  
Pavel Kohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bohemian Massif ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
The Public ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Radon Water ◽  
High Level ◽  
Water Springs ◽  
Selection Of

Radioactive (radon) groundwaters are highly valued among mineral waters for their healing effects. Between 2005 and 2015, a large exploratory event for prospecting and documenting radon water springs took place in the crystalline area of Lugicum (Bohemian Massif) under Czech–Polish cooperation. For these purposes, an exploration method was developed as a combination of GIS (ArcMap 9.1–10.2) area preparation followed by field radiohydrogeochemical mapping at a scale of 1:10,000. The gamma indication method was optimized and used for the selection of water samples. A total of 2354 water sources were examined. Radon activity concentrations were measured at 660 sources found throughout the territory. Of those, 111 sources exhibited 222Rn activity above 1500 Bq/L and, thus, were categorized as sources of mineral radioactive waters according to Czech legislation. The highest 222Rn activity was found in the Michael spring near Nové Město pod Smrkem (up to 6237 Bq/L 222Rn). Many discovered sources with high balneological potential are significant and, therefore, are quickly becoming popular among the public.

Radon activity concentrations in underground workplaces in Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gazmend Nafezi ◽  
Gerti Xhixha ◽  
Margarita Kuqali ◽  
Flurim Qengaj ◽  
Meleq Bahtijari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radon Activity ◽  
Activity Concentrations

scholarly journals Radon measurements in well and spring water of the Tuzla area, Bosnia and Herzegovina

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amela Kasić ◽  
Amira Kasumović ◽  
Feriz Adrović ◽  
Muhamed Hodžić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Radon Measurements ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Investigations of natural radioactivity in water, air, and soil are conducted frequently and routinely. Exposure to high concentrations of natural radioactive radon gas can cause irradiation of respiratory organs, which can lead to lung cancer. This paper presents measurements of radon activity concentrations in dug wells and natural springs of the Tuzla area (Bosnia and Herzegovina), which ranged from 214 to 3702 mBq L-1. Our results have shown that the radon activity concentration did not exceed the EU reference level for radon in drinking water (100 Bq L-1).

scholarly journals Equipment for Testing Measuring Devices at a Low-Level Radon Activity Concentration

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1904
Author(s):  
Eliska Fialova ◽  
Petr P. S. Otahal ◽  
Josef Vosahlik ◽  
Monika Mazanova
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Testing Measuring ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Flow Through

The National Institute for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Protection, under the European project 16ENV10 MetroRADON (the European metrology program for innovation and research, EMPIR), has developed unique equipment for the testing of measuring devices at low-level radon activity concentrations. The equipment consists particularly of an airtight low-level radon chamber (LLRCH) with an inner volume of 324 liters; a Rn-222 type RF 5 flow-through source with a Ra-226 activity of 4.955 kBq developed by Czech Metrological Institute within the above-mentioned project; and a pressure vessel as a radon-free air source. The mass flow controller of the Bronkhorst EL-Flow type is a part of the apparatus and ensures the requested airflow through the radon source—partialized if necessary—through the chamber. The homogeneity of the atmosphere in the chamber is ensured by means of a continuously regulated fan (airflows in the range of 0.1–3.5 m·s−1 can be established). Another important chamber component is the measuring device of climatic conditions, since temperature, air pressure, and relative humidity must be determined. The construction of the equipment allows the time-stable radon activity concentration to be maintained at a precise level for several days. Radon concentration values can be arbitrarily and continuously set in the range from 100 Bq·m−3 to 300 Bq·m−3.

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