scholarly journals Radon measurements in well and spring water of the Tuzla area, Bosnia and Herzegovina

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amela Kasić ◽  
Amira Kasumović ◽  
Feriz Adrović ◽  
Muhamed Hodžić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Radon Measurements ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Investigations of natural radioactivity in water, air, and soil are conducted frequently and routinely. Exposure to high concentrations of natural radioactive radon gas can cause irradiation of respiratory organs, which can lead to lung cancer. This paper presents measurements of radon activity concentrations in dug wells and natural springs of the Tuzla area (Bosnia and Herzegovina), which ranged from 214 to 3702 mBq L-1. Our results have shown that the radon activity concentration did not exceed the EU reference level for radon in drinking water (100 Bq L-1).

scholarly journals MEASUREMENT OF RADON ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN BUILDING MATERIALS USED IN BOSNIA AND HERCEGOVINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ema Sinanović ◽  
Feriz Adrović ◽  
Amira Kasumović ◽  
Amela Kasić
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Materials Used

Man is continuously exposed to ionizing radiation because of the presence of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) in the environment. Various technological processes of processing and using of materials that contain natural radionuclides generate materials of enhanced natural radioactivity (TENORM). The largest contribution to irradiance with natural sources of ionizing radiation is the exposure of the population to indoor radon. This gas originates from the radioactive decay of 226Ra and 224Ra that are present in the soil under houses and building materials. Depending on the type of building materials, indoor exposure to radon at dwellings and workplaces can be over a thousand times greater than in outdoor space. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, no valid and comprehensive radiological studies on the building materials have been performed that would guarantee for their dosimetric safety use for installation in residential and industrial buildings, highways, as well as their application for other purposes. The quantification of the radon levels that comes from building materials is a necessary and very important part of the global protection of the population from ionizing radiation. This paper presents the first results of a study on the radon activity concentrations in building materials used in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Measurements were performedwith a professional Alpha GUARD system. The mean values of the activity concentration of the exhaled radon of investigated building materials varied from 10 Bqm-3 to 101 Bqm-3, radon exhalation rate values ranged from 77.0 mBqm-2h-1 to 777.7 mBqm-2h-1. Gamma dose rate was in the range 57–112 nSv h−1.

Effectiveness of passive ventilation on radon indoor level in Puglia Region according to European Directive 2013/59/EURATOM

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2094036
Author(s):  
Vittoria D'Avino ◽  
Mariagabriella Pugliese ◽  
Giuseppe La Verde
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Remedial Action ◽  
Previous Survey ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Local Characteristics ◽  
High Concentrations

The effectiveness of the increase in passive ventilation was studied as remedial action for high concentrations of indoor radon gas activity. The rationale has been to apply the provisions of Directive 2013/59/EURATOM, partially implemented by a regional law of Puglia Region (Southern Italy). Residential buildings were selected based on characteristics common to those of commercial premises, which are the recipients of legislative obligations. The final goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of carrying out the same remediation activity for both types of buildings. From a previous survey in Puglia in 2013–2014, 18 houses were selected and passive ventilation strategy was applied in order to evaluate its effect on the radon activity concentration. A specially designed protocol defined frequency and time of windows operation. The average value of the annual measurement revealed a significant reduction of the internal radon activity concentration: mitigation ranged from 21 ± 5% to 58 ± 2% with an average value of 33 ± 3%. The results of the study showed that passive ventilation is an effective method of mitigation of the internal radon concentration if correctly designed according to the local characteristics of the buildings and habits of the occupants.

scholarly journals Equipment for Testing Measuring Devices at a Low-Level Radon Activity Concentration

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1904
Author(s):  
Eliska Fialova ◽  
Petr P. S. Otahal ◽  
Josef Vosahlik ◽  
Monika Mazanova
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Testing Measuring ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Flow Through

The National Institute for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Protection, under the European project 16ENV10 MetroRADON (the European metrology program for innovation and research, EMPIR), has developed unique equipment for the testing of measuring devices at low-level radon activity concentrations. The equipment consists particularly of an airtight low-level radon chamber (LLRCH) with an inner volume of 324 liters; a Rn-222 type RF 5 flow-through source with a Ra-226 activity of 4.955 kBq developed by Czech Metrological Institute within the above-mentioned project; and a pressure vessel as a radon-free air source. The mass flow controller of the Bronkhorst EL-Flow type is a part of the apparatus and ensures the requested airflow through the radon source—partialized if necessary—through the chamber. The homogeneity of the atmosphere in the chamber is ensured by means of a continuously regulated fan (airflows in the range of 0.1–3.5 m·s−1 can be established). Another important chamber component is the measuring device of climatic conditions, since temperature, air pressure, and relative humidity must be determined. The construction of the equipment allows the time-stable radon activity concentration to be maintained at a precise level for several days. Radon concentration values can be arbitrarily and continuously set in the range from 100 Bq·m−3 to 300 Bq·m−3.

scholarly journals Testing and Calibration of CDs as Radon Detectors at Highly Variable Radon Concentrations and Temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dobromir Pressyanov ◽  
Luis Santiago Quindos Poncela ◽  
Strahil Georgiev ◽  
Ivelina Dimitrova ◽  
Krasimir Mitev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Front Surface ◽  
Compact Disk ◽  
Natural Radiation ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Blind Comparison ◽  
Radon Measurements

The application of the compact disk (CD) method for radon measurements at mines, caves and other workplaces needs testing under highly variable exposure conditions. We present the results from a blind comparison of CDs exposed in the Laboratory of Natural Radiation (Saelices el Chico, Spain). During the exposure the temperature varied from 6.5 to 24.9 °C (average 12.6 °C) and the 222Rn activity concentrations varied from <10 Bq m−3 to 147 kBq m−3. Good correspondence was observed between the integrated 222Rn activity concentration determined by the reference instruments in the laboratory (122,500 ± 6100 kBq h m−3) and that assessed by analysis of the CDs at a depth 80 µm beneath the front surface (118,000 ± 12,000 kBq h m−3) and at a depth of 120 µm (106,000 ± 12,000 kBq h m−3). The theoretical modeling of the CD response under variable temperature and radon concentration suggested that the small bias is probably due to the time variation of the calibration factor because of the time variations of the temperature.

VARIATION OF RADON ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN SELECTED KINDERGARTENS IN SLOVAKIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 401-405
Author(s):  
Monika Müllerová ◽  
Karol Holý ◽  
Iveta Smetanová ◽  
Patrícia Kureková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Radon Measurements

Abstract Radon measurements were carried out in four kindergartens in Slovakia. RSKS detectors (Radosys Ltd., Hungary) and RamaRn (SUJCHBO, Czech Republic) were used for integral measurement in indoor air. AlphaGUARD (Saphymo, Germany) and TERA system (Tesla, Czech Republic) were used for continual measurement in indoor air. An annual variation with a maximum during the summer holidays was observed. Daily variation strongly depended on the ventilation of rooms. The average radon activity concentration per unit of time calculated from integral measurements was higher than that calculated for working time only.

scholarly journals Measurement of radionuclides and trace metals concentration in surface sediments from the coastal zone of Lavreotiki peninsula

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
V. Michalopoulou-Petropoulou ◽  
C. Tsabaris ◽  
D. L. Patiris ◽  
E. G. Androulakaki ◽  
G. Eleftheriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Trace Metal Concentration ◽  
Beach Sediment ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
High Concentrations

This work presents the results of a preliminary study at the coastal zone of the Lavreotiki peninsula, concerning radionuclide and trace metal concentration measurements in sediment samples collected from the seabed of four local gulfs and the corresponding beaches. The radionuclide activity concentrations were determined by means of gamma-ray spectroscopy and the concentration of trace metals by the XRF method. The observed radionuclide levels of both seabed and beach sediment are considered relatively low to medium, in comparison with international values of activity concentration in soil. For most of the trace metals, high concentrations were measured in comparison with guidelines, especially for As, Mn, Pb and Zn.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF ACTIVITY CONCENTRATIONS OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN SOILS COLLECTED AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS OF SELECTED HAND-DUG WELLS IN ABEOKUTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
I C OKEYODE ◽  
A O MUSTAPHA ◽  
N N JIBIRI ◽  
V MAKINDE ◽  
F G AKINBORO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Average Activity ◽  
Dug Well

This study was aimed at measuring and comparing the activity concentration of soil samples collected from some selected hand – dug wells with their corresponding depths of collection in Abeokuta metropolis. Total of twenty (20) soil samples were collected from hand-dug wells in five sites (Obada, Adigbe, Kuto, Olorunsogo, and Obantoko) within Abeokuta with four (4) soil samples from each hand-dug well at the surface, (0.0m) through to 2.25m depth. Gamma ray spectroscopy with High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector was used for the measurements. The average activity concentrations obtained for the three natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in Bq/Kg are 34.31 ± 2.01, 128.73 ± 4.41 and 152.31 ± 2.59 respectively at depth 0.00 m (surface), 23.00 ± 1.61, 68.39 ± 3.24 and 191.08 ± 3.11 respectively at depth 0.75 m, 31.52 ± 2.21, 145.37± 4.95 and 375.56 ± 5.50 respectively at 1.50 m and lastly 28.57±1.70, 95.61 ± 3.71 and 181.10 ± 3.94 respectively at 2.25 m depth. The world average activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are given to be 35 Bqkg-1, 30 Bqkg-1 and 400 Bqkg-1 respectively (UNSCEAR 2000). 232Th showed  higher average values than the world’s average while averages of 226Ra and 40K were lower but most of the activity concentration values obtained in some of the locations are higher than the world’s average values, especially 226Raand 232Th in the soil samples. 

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