Apolipoprotein E genotyping and questionnaire-based assessment of lifestyle risk factors in dyslipidemic patients with a family history of Alzheimer’s disease: test development for clinical application

Abstract Background To understand which breast cancer (BC) risk factors also increase the risk of fibroadenoma and investigate whether these factors have the same effect in BC patients with previous fibroadenoma. Methods Using multistate survival analysis on a large dataset (n = 58 322), we examined the effects of BC risk factors on transitions between three states: event-free, biopsy-confirmed fibroadenoma, and BC. Hazard ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals associated with covariate effects were estimated. Median follow-up time was 25.3 years. Results The mean ages at diagnosis of fibroadenoma and BC were 42.6 and 48.3 years, respectively. Participant characteristics known to increase the risk of BC were found to increase the risk of fibroadenoma (family history of BC and higher education). Participant characteristics known to confer protective effects for BC (older age at menarche, more children, and larger childhood body size) were found to reduce fibroadenoma risk. The effect sizes associated with the direct transitions from event-free to fibroadenoma and BC were generally not different for the covariates tested. Age at fibroadenoma diagnosis was associated with the transition from fibroadenoma to BC (hazard ratioper year increase = 1.07 [95% confidence interval = 1.03 to 1.12]). Conclusion We showed that biopsy-confirmed fibroadenomas shared many risk factors with BC. More work is needed to understand the relationships between fibroadenoma and BC to identify women who are at high risk of developing BC after a fibroadenoma diagnosis.

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Risk of progression from mild memory impairment to clinically diagnosable Alzheimer's disease in a Japanese community (from the Nakayama Study)

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s104161021000222x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 772-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Naomi Sonobe ◽

Ryuji Hata ◽

Tomohisa Ishikawa ◽

Kantaro Sonobe ◽

Teruhisa Matsumoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Family History ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Significant Risk ◽

The Elderly ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Risk Of Progression ◽

History Of

ABSTRACTBackground: Memory impairment has been proposed as the most common early sign of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aims of this work were to evaluate the risk of progression from mild memory impairment/no dementia (MMI/ND) to clinically diagnosable AD in a community-based prospective cohort and to establish the risk factors for progression from MMI/ND to AD in the elderly.Methods: Elderly subjects aged over 65 years were selected from the participants in the first Nakayama study. MMI/ND was defined as memory deficit on objective memory assessment, without dementia, impairment of general cognitive function, or disability in activities of daily living. A total of 104 MMI/ND subjects selected from 1242 community-dwellers were followed longitudinally for five years.Results: During the five-year follow-up, 11 (10.6%) subjects were diagnosed with AD, five (4.8%) with vascular dementia (VaD), and six (5.8%) with dementia of other etiology. Logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus (DM) and a family history of dementia (within third-degree relatives) were positively associated with progression to AD, while no factor was significantly associated with progression to VaD or all types of dementia.Conclusions: DM and a family history of dementia were significant risk factors for progression from MMI/ND to clinically diagnosable AD in the elderly in a Japanese community.

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Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-2010-091624 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 803-811 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Leon Flicker

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Lifestyle Risk

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Alzheimer's disease: Interaction of apolipoprotein E genotype, family history of dementia, gender, education, ethnicity, and age of onset

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.46.6.1575 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 1575-1579 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

R. Duara ◽

W. W. Barker ◽

R. Lopez-Alberola ◽

D. A. Loewenstein ◽

L. B. Grau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Family History ◽

Apolipoprotein E ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Gender Education ◽

History Of ◽

Apolipoprotein E Genotype

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Family history of Alzheimer’s disease alters cognition and is modified by medical and genetic factors

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.46179 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joshua S Talboom ◽

Asta Håberg ◽

Matthew D De Both ◽

Marcus A Naymik ◽

Isabelle Schrauwen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Family History ◽

Apolipoprotein E ◽

Sex Education ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Paired Associates ◽

History Of ◽

Ε4 Allele

In humans, a first-degree family history of dementia (FH) is a well-documented risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, the influence of FH on cognition across the lifespan is poorly understood. To address this issue, we developed an internet-based paired-associates learning (PAL) task and tested 59,571 participants between the ages of 18–85. FH was associated with lower PAL performance in both sexes under 65 years old. Modifiers of this effect of FH on PAL performance included age, sex, education, and diabetes. The Apolipoprotein E ε4 allele was also associated with lower PAL scores in FH positive individuals. Here we show, FH is associated with reduced PAL performance four decades before the typical onset of AD; additionally, several heritable and non-heritable modifiers of this effect were identified.

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