Use of Alumina Production Waste Red Mud During Molten Sulfur-Containing Slag Granulation

Metallurgist ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 727-732
Author(s):  
A. B. Lebedev ◽  
V. A. Utkov ◽  
V. Yu. Bazhin
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 837-845
Author(s):  
Andrey B LEBEDEV ◽  
Vladimir A UTKOV ◽  
Olga A KAYGORODOVA ◽  
Marsel A KADYROV

There is a problem of using waste of alumina production from bauxite red mud. Warehousing of it is fraught with ecological catastrophes. Red muds constantly worsen the environment due to dusting and pollution of natural waters. Red mud is a product of bauxite processing. One ton of alumina accounts for 1 to 2.5 tons of red mud. Currently, it is not being processed, despite the availability of 3,000 publications and patents on this topic. One of them is justified by the ambiguity in the economic effectiveness of its use by consumers. In this paper, the options for economic and environmental efficiency of RM use are presented as substitutes for expensive lime and limestone used for purification of industrial gases emitted to the atmosphere in large quantities with toxic sulfur compounds. Laboratory and industrial tests revealed the sorption properties of red muds. When cleaning gases from sulfur emitted into the atmosphere by furnace gases, thermal power plants, sinter machines, and steelmaking furnaces. In addition, the ecological and technological efficiency of purification of sulfur-containing gases released in the areas of granulation of molten blast-furnace slags is shown.


Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1571
Author(s):  
Pavel Grudinsky ◽  
Dmitry Zinoveev ◽  
Denis Pankratov ◽  
Artem Semenov ◽  
Maria Panova ◽  
...  

Red mud is an iron-containing waste of alumina production with high alkalinity. A promising approach for its recycling is solid-phase carbothermic roasting in the presence of special additives followed by magnetic separation. The crucial factor of the separation of the obtained iron metallic particles from gangue is sufficiently large iron grains. This study focuses on the influence of Na2SO4 addition on iron grain growth during carbothermic roasting of two red mud samples with different (CaO + MgO)/(SiO2 + Al2O3) ratio of 0.46 and 1.21, respectively. Iron phase distribution in the red mud and roasted samples were investigated in detail by Mössbauer spectroscopy method. Based on thermodynamic calculations and results of multifactorial experiments, the optimal conditions for the roasting of the red mud samples with (CaO + MgO)/(SiO2 + Al2O3) ratio of 0.46 and 1.21 were duration of 180 min with the addition of 13.65% Na2SO4 at 1150 °C and 1350 °C followed by magnetic separation that led to 97% and 83.91% of iron recovery, as well as 51.6% and 83.7% of iron grade, respectively. The mechanism of sodium sulfate effect on iron grain growth was proposed. The results pointed out that Na2SO4 addition is unfavorable for the red mud carbothermic roasting compared with other alkaline sulfur-free additives.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Gerasimova ◽  
Elizaveta Gumirova

The paper deals with the problem of utilization of red mud which is a waste product from alumina production using the Bayer method. The principal possible use for the red mud of JSC “Bogoslovsky aluminum plant” (Sverdlovsk region) for the compositions based on Portland cement is shown. It was found that the mud introduction accelerates beginning of the cement paste setting and thickens the paste reducing its mobility. It is concluded that the introduction of red mud up to 30 % is justified in terms of strength indicators. The work is carried out using mathematical planning of experiments. Keywords: red mud, Portland cement, active mineral additive, composition, properties, bauxite, chemical composition, cement stone strength, mathematical planning of experiments


2011 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Saternus

Bayern`s method is the first stage of obtaining primary aluminium. The product of this process is alumina. The paper presents how much alumina was produced in the last couple of years and who were its leading producers. As the main ore for alumina production is bauxite; it was necessary to describe its characteristics: chemical composition and types of bauxites. Short description of the method (digestion, precipitation and calcination) was presented. During this process a lot of pollution is usually emitted to the atmosphere, but mostly a lot of red mud is generated. This is the main waste of the process, which at the same time is very harmful to the environment. The ways red mud is disposed or utilized were reviewed. Two kinds of red mud disposal are known: wet and dry disposal. Both were characterized and their advantages and disadvantages were outlined. The possibilities of red mud utilization were shown. The focus was put on iron recovery or recovery of compounds such as Al2O3 or TiO2. The use of red mud in building materials was discussed. Radioactivity of such materials was also analyzed. Possibility of red mud utilization as a pigment and radiopaque material was also mentioned.


2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V. Ribeiro ◽  
J.A. Labrincha ◽  
M.R. Morelli

Red mud, the main waste generated in aluminum and alumina production from bauxite ore by the Bayer process, is considered "hazardous" due to its high pH. The high pH also provides greater protection of rebars, which is reflected in the low corrosion potential and high electrical resistivity (filler effect) of concrete. The corrosion potential was monitored by electrochemical measurements and the electrical resistivity was evaluated using sensors embedded in concrete test specimens. The results showed that the addition of red mud is beneficial to concrete, reducing its corrosion potential and increasing its electrical resistivity. Red mud proved to be a promising additive for concrete to inhibit the corrosion process.


2000 ◽  
Vol 343-346 ◽  
pp. 695-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Budroni ◽  
Giorgio Cocco ◽  
Jian Zhong Jiang ◽  
Giovanni Carturan ◽  
Stefano Enzo

Author(s):  
Лилия Александровна Пасечник ◽  
Ирина Сергеевна Медянкина ◽  
Светлана Александровна Бибанаева ◽  
Сергей Павлович Яценко

Предложены методы модификации красных шламов (КШ) обработкой соляной кислотой и карбонизацией с получением сорбционных материалов, пригодных для извлечения металлов из кислых растворов. Модификация КШ карбонизацией способствует увеличению площади и объема пор в карбонизированном шламе (КШК), что привело к более высокой сорбционной емкости до 246 мг Cu /г, при одновременной нейтрализации сернокислого медьсодержащего раствора с 1,5 до 4,5 единиц pH . Кислотная обработка приводит к меньшим положительным эффектам по извлечению меди. Кинетика сорбции описывается уравнениями как псевдо-первого порядка ( R > 0,96 ), так и псевдо-второго ( R > 0,98), определяя равнозначные вклады в общую скорость процесса стадий массопереноса и взаимодействия ионов. При изучении механизма установлено, что поверхностные диффузионные процессы на границе «твердое - жидкое» переходят в массоперенос ионов Cu и химическое взаимодействие с функциональными группами на поверхности и внутри частиц модифицированных шламов. Для исходного шлама эти процессы практически эквивалентны. Десорбция меди водой и раствором этилендиаминтетрауксусной кислотой (ЭДТА) показала, что прочность связей в структуре КШК- Cu и устойчивость поверхностных тройных комплексов Cu -ЭДТА-КШК оказывается выше, чем Cu -ЭДТА-КШ. Показана перспектива создания сорбционных материалов на основе промышленных отходов, в частности щелочных красных шламов, и их применение для поглощения токсичных металлов из кислых сточных вод с взаимной нейтрализацией и утилизацией разных видов техногенных отходов металлургических производств -твердых, газообразных и жидких. Methods for modification red mud (RM) by treatment with hydrochloric acid and by carbonization to obtain sorption materials for extracting metals from acidic solutions are proposed. Modification of the RM by carbonation increases the area and volume of pores in the carbonized red mud (CRM), that leads to a higher sorption capacity up to 246 mg/g with simultaneously neutralization of the copper solution from 1,5 to 4,5 pH . The acid treatment leads to less positive effects on the extraction of copper. The sorption kinetics is described by both pseudo-first-order (R >0 ,96) and pseudo-second-order (R > 0,98) equations, which determine the equivalent contributions to the overall speed of the process of the mass transfer and the ion interaction stages. A mechanism was studied and it was found that surface diffusion processes at the «solid-liquid» interface turn into the mass transfer of Cu ions and chemical interaction with functional groups on the surface and inside the particles of modified muds. For the initial mud, these processes are almost equivalent. Desorption of copper with water and a solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) has shown that the strength of bonds in the structure of CRM- Cu and the stability of surface triple complexes Cu -EDTA-CRM are higher than for Cu -EDTA-RM. The potential have been demonstrated of creating sorption materials by used industrial waste, in particular alkaline red slurries, and their applications for the absorption of toxic metals from acidic wastewater for mutual neutralization and utilization of industrial waste from metallurgical industries - solid, gaseous and liquid.


2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kuznetsov ◽  
Igor Suprun

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5 Part A) ◽  
pp. 2561-2568
Author(s):  
Yi Man ◽  
Jun-Xiao Feng ◽  
Zhan-Min Yang ◽  
Zeng-Lu Song ◽  
Chao Yang

The disposal of red mud, which is the by-product obtained from alumina production, has brought about environmental pollution because of its caustic nature as well its metal and alkaline contents. Red mud-coal composite pellets were directly reduced to deal with red mud. The influences of reduction temperature and gas composition on the reaction were studied. Experiment results indicated that the optimum reaction parameters were a temperature of 1100?C and an H2 atmosphere. Reduction degrees in H2 and CO atmospheres were significantly higher than those in N2 atmosphere. Reduction did not strictly follow the Fe2O3 ? Fe3O4 ? FeO ? Fe sequence in N2 atmosphere, and this phenomenondid not occur in H2 atmosphere. This gas?solid combination reduction process is appropriate for recovering Fe from Bayer red mud. Meanwhile, the microstructure and phase transformation of the reduction process were investigated via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.


2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1375-1385
Author(s):  
Vsévolod Mymrin ◽  
Elaman K. Aibuldinov ◽  
Kirill Alekseev ◽  
Monica A. Avanci ◽  
Paulo H. B. Rolim ◽  
...  

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