Soil fungi rather than bacteria were modified by invasive plants, and that benefited invasive plant growth

Plant invasion is a key element defining the community structure and dynamics and has become a major concern for the invasive plants to control the restoration of ecosystem diversity. In the same line of thought, soil microorganisms are also considered as a significant parameter of evolution and invasive plants' success. The variations usually overserved in the composition and structure of the soil microorganisms and the consequences of plant invasion. Therefore, understanding the concept of plant invasion and soil microorganism impact plant competition and plant-soil feedback would be a very important step forward in invasive plant control and ecosystem restoration. This review aims to provide a conceptual explanation of plant invasion, the role of soil microorganisms on plant growth and its effects on the native plant-soil feedback and also to demonstrate the importance of understanding the integrative soil microorganism impact on the competition between native and invasive plants along with its effects on plant-soil feedback.

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INVASIVE PLANTS - A BOON OR BANE TO THE LEPIDOPTERON FAUNA: CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN SUGGESTIONS

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj192 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 148-160

Author(s):

Arjun C.P ◽

Anoop V.K ◽

Tijo K.J ◽

Anoopkumar T.K ◽

Roshnath R

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Plant Species ◽

Invasive Plants ◽

Management Practices ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Management Plan ◽

Control Measures ◽

Pteridium Aquilinum ◽

Native Flora ◽

Long Run

Butterfly diversity was recorded from Nov (2013) - May (2014) in Pookode region. A total number of 128 species recorded from the five families; Nymphalidae (46 species) Lycaenidae (28 species), Hesperiidae (22 species), Pieridae (17 species) and Papilionidae (15 species) respectively. During the survey invasive plant species were also recorded. There were 36 species of invasive plants from 18 families identified from the study area. More butterflies were attracted towards nectar offering invasive plants. Chromolaena odorata, Ipomea cairica, Lantana camara, Merremia vitifolia, Mikania micrantha, Mimosa diplotricha, Pennisetumpolystachyon, Pteridium aquilinum, Quisqualis indica and Sphagneticola trilobata were the major invasive plants found in the Pookode region and their flower attracts butterfly for pollination. Even though nectar offered by the plants are supportive for growth, in long run these species can affect butterfly population bydeclining native host larval plant species for butterfly reproduction. Invasive species compete with the native flora and reduce its population. Management practices like physical, chemical and modern bio control measures could be used for eradicating of invasive plants. Wise use of invasive plants for other economical purpose such as bio-fuel, medicinal purpose, bio-pesticide and handicraft could be suggested. Successful management of invasive species are needed for conserving Lepidoptera fauna and other native biota of the area.

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Analisis Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Invasif Di Kawasan Hutan Pantai Balekambang Desa Srigonco Kecamatan Bantur Kabupaten Malang

BIOSAINTROPIS (BIOSCIENCE-TROPIC) ◽

10.33474/e-jbst.v6i1.296 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 46-53

Author(s):

Miftahul Mukarromah ◽

Ari Hayati ◽

Hasan Zayadi

Keyword(s):

Invasive Plants ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Coastal Forest ◽

Mimosa Pudica ◽

Belt Transect ◽

Index Value ◽

Sida Rhombifolia

Balekambang Beach is the most visited beach destination in Malang Regency until the end of 2015. One of the invasive pathways of invasive plants is Tourism. The purpose of this study was to identify invasive plant species, diversity and compare the value of the diversity index with abiotic factors.This research method is descriptive with systematic sampling techniques using Belt Transect, and measurements of abiotic factors include edafic factors and climatic micro factors. Invasive alien plant species found in the Balekambang coastal forest are identified as seventeen species namely (Hemighraphis glaucescens), (Oplismenus sp), (Amomum coccineum), (Arenga obtusifolia), (Leucaena leucochephana), (Mimosa sp), (Cassia siamea), (Eupatorium odoratum), (Hyptis capitata), (Cynodon dactylon), (Sida rhombifolia), (Synedrella nudiflora), (Chromolaena odorata), (Leucaena leucochepala), (Mimosa pudica), and (Ruellia tuberosa) with the index value of invasive plant diversity in protected forests and production classified as high compared to mangroves. The results of the diversity index value with abiotic factors showed a positive (+) direction on soil sailinity where the R2 value was 0.5606 or 50%, which means it showed a relationship between soil salinity and an abundance of invasive plants in Balekambang coastal forest area of 50%. Keywords:invasive plants, Balekambang beach, belt transect, diversity ABSTRAK Pantai Balekambang adalah destinasi wisata alam pantai di Kabupaten Malang yang paling banyak dikunjungi hingga akhir tahun 2015.Salah satu jalur invasi dari tumbuhan invasif adalah Tourism (Wisata). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis tumbuhan invasif, keanekaragaman dan membandingkan nilai indeks keanekaragaman dengan faktor abiotik. Metode penelitian ini deskriptif dengan tehnik pengambilan sampling secara sistematis menggunakan Belt Transect, dan pengukuran faktor abiotik meliputi faktor edafik dan faktor mikro klimatik. Jenis spesies tumbuhan asing invasif yang terdapat di hutan pantai Balekambang diidentifikasi sebanyak tujuh belas spesies yaitu Hemighraphis glaucescens, Oplismenus sp, Amomum coccineum, Arenga obtusifolia, Leucaena leucochephana, Mimosa sp, Cassia siamea, Eupatorium odoratum, Hyptis capitata, Cynodon dactylon, Sida rhombifolia, Synedrella nudiflora.Chromolaena odorata, Leucaena leucochepala, Mimosa pudica, dan Ruellia tuberose dengan nilai indeks keanekaragaman tumbuhan invasif pada hutan lindung dan produksi tergolong tinggi dibanding mangrove. Hasil analisis uji korelasi nilai indeks keanekaragaman dengan faktor abiotik menunjukkan arah positif (+) pada salinitas tanah dimana nilai R2 sebesar 0.5606 atau 50%, yang artinya menunjukkan hubungan antara salinitas tanah dengan kelimpahan tumbuhan invasif di kawasan hutan pantai Balekambang sebesar 50%. Kata kunci: tumbuhan invasif, pantai Balekambang, belt transect, keanekaragaman

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Invasive plants as a factor of floristic diversity degradation in Deliblato sands SNR

Glasnik Sumarskog fakulteta ◽

10.2298/gsf2021027k ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 27-46

Author(s):

Anja Kalinic ◽

Ivana Bjedov ◽

Dragica Obratov-Petkovic ◽

Jelena Tomicevic-Dubljevic

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Invasive Plants ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Field Research ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Primary Data ◽

Floristic Diversity ◽

Invasive Plant Species ◽

Protection Measures ◽

Expert Interview

The floristic diversity of Deliblato sands SNR is significantly endangered by the spread of invasive plants. In addition to field research, which included the collection of plant material in the area of Deliblato sands SNR, primary and secondary data was collected in this paper. The primary data for the purposes of this study was obtained by applying a questionnaire technique to the management of the protected area - PE ?Vojvodinasume? and an expert interview technique to a representative of the Provincial Institute for Nature Conservation. The secondary data was collected to gain a better and broader understanding of the management of Deliblato sands SNR. Based on the field investigations, the analysis of primary and secondary data on invasive plant species was also recognized as a key threatening factor. An analysis of the floristic structure and composition of these plant species, their origin, as well as the manner of their propagation and reproduction was carried out, in order to make a recommendation on the preventive measures for the protection and suppression of invasive plant species and to improve the habitat. In the area of Deliblato sands SNR, 39 invasive plant species (4,33% of the total flora) were found with different invasiveness categories, among which herbaceous, annual, North American species from the Compositae family prevail. Protection measures include the mapping of habitats of invasive species, establishing cooperation with managers and scientific institutions, constant monitoring of endangered habitats and plant species, as well as the creation of a special sector responsible for enhancing biodiversity.

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Molecular ecology of plant-microbial interactions during invasions: progress and challenges.

Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions ◽

10.1079/9781789242171.0340 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 340-362

Author(s):

Johannes J. le Roux

Keyword(s):

Dna Barcoding ◽

Invasive Plants ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Molecular Ecology ◽

Plant Invasions ◽

Microbial Interactions ◽

Interaction Networks ◽

Future Research ◽

Evolutionary Information ◽

Molecular Approaches

Abstract Microbes are omnipresent, yet their interactions with invasive plants remain understudied. This is surprising, given the importance of microbes in plant community ecology and their influence on plant performance in new environments. Recent advances in molecular genetic approaches have opened the door to studying this unseen majority in great detail and to understand how they fit into ecological interaction networks. Molecular approaches allow rapid assessments of microbial diversity at reasonable cost while providing both taxonomic and evolutionary information. Here I discuss how these approaches have contributed to a better understanding of plant-microbial interactions in the context of biological invasions. By drawing insights from various case studies, I illustrate how next-generation sequencing (DNA barcoding) has revolutionized the way we understand such interactions. Tight-knit and coevolved mutualist (e.g. mycorrhizal) and antagonist (e.g. pathogen) interactions appear particularly promising to understand the structure and function of invasive plant-microbial interaction networks, the impacts of invasive plants on native networks and the vulnerability of native networks to infiltration by non-native species. I also discuss novel ways in which molecular data can aid the study of invasive plant-microbial interactions, such as incorporating phylogenetic data into network analyses to better understand the role of evolutionary history in network dynamics and how such dynamics respond to plant invasions. DNA barcoding of microbes also presents unique challenges to the study of network ecology, such as uncertainty in the legitimacy and efficiency of interactions. Future research should incorporate overall plant-associated microbial communities (microbiomes) into interaction networks to better understand the role microbes play during plant invasions.

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The role of pathogens in plant invasions.

Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions ◽

10.1079/9781789242171.0208 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 208-225

Author(s):

Amy E. Kendig ◽

S. Luke Flory ◽

Erica M. Goss ◽

Robert D. Holt ◽

Keith Clay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Invasive Plants ◽

Plant Invasion ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Invasion Biology ◽

Resident Species ◽

Introduced Plants ◽

Novel Host ◽

Survival And Reproduction ◽

Agricultural Literature

Abstract Plant-pathogen interactions occur throughout the process of plant invasion: pathogens can acutely influence plant survival and reproduction, while the large densities and spatial distributions of invasive plant species can influence pathogen communities. However, interactions between invasive plants and pathogens are often overlooked during the early stages of invasion. As with introductions of invasive plants, the introduction of agricultural crops to new areas can also generate novel host-pathogen interactions. The close monitoring of agricultural plants and resulting insights can inform hypotheses for invasive plants where research on pathogen interactions is lacking. This chapter reviews the known and hypothesized effects of pathogens on the invasion process and the effects of plant invasion on pathogens and infectious disease dynamics throughout the process of invasion. Initially, pathogens may inhibit the transport of potentially invasive plants. After arrival in a new range, pathogens can facilitate or inhibit establishment success of introduced plants depending on their relative impacts on the introduced plants and resident species. As invasive plants spread, they may encounter novel pathogens and alter the abundance and geographic range of pathogens. Pathogens can mediate interactions between invasive plants and resident species and may influence the long-term impacts of invasive plants on ecosystems. As invasive plants shift the composition of pathogen communities, resident species could be subject to higher disease risk. We highlight gaps in invasion biology research by providing examples from the agricultural literature and propose topics that have received little attention from either field.

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New Technologies for Weed Eradication—Invasive Plants Have No Place to Hide When DNA Is Involved

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019036073 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Simmons ◽

Vitelli ◽

Csurhes

Keyword(s):

Invasive Plants ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

New Technologies

Building on the advances in molecular technology, two genetic based tools are being developedby Biosecurity Queensland to improve conventional invasive plant detection, monitoring andcontrol. [...]

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Influence of Neighboring Vegetation Height on Seed Dispersal: Implications for Invasive Plant Management

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-07-067.1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

pp. 626-630 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Kirk W. Davies ◽

Roger L. Sheley

Keyword(s):

Seed Dispersal ◽

Invasive Plants ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Plant Management ◽

Wind Dispersal ◽

Invasive Plant Management ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

Plant Seeds ◽

Vegetation Height

Controlling invasive plant infestations is very costly and often unsuccessful. Preventing invasions is more cost-effective than controlling invasive plants after they are established. Because prevention guidelines do not suggest any tools or methods to limit wind dispersal of invasive plant seeds, we investigated the influence of neighboring vegetation height on seed dispersal of a wind-dispersed (yellow salsify) and nonwind-dispersed (medusahead) species. To examine the influence of neighboring vegetation height on dispersal, seeds of both species were released in front of an artificial stand of desert wheatgrass in a modified wind tunnel. Treatments were a complete factorial design with two species, four vegetation heights (10, 30, 40, and 60 cm), three wind speeds (3, 5.5, and 10 km h−1), and three release distances from the neighboring vegetation (0, 15, and 30 cm). The ability of medusahead and yellow salsify seeds to disperse was influenced by the height of neighboring vegetation. Increasing height of neighboring vegetation decreased the number of yellow salsify seeds dispersing across neighboring vegetation. The greatest percentage of medusahead seeds dispersed across the neighboring vegetation was at the shortest height. Based on these results, we suggest that maintaining or promoting tall vegetation neighboring invasive plant infestations may reduce wind dispersal of seeds. More research is needed to investigate the influence of varying heights, densities, structural attributes, and composition of vegetation neighboring infestations and the dispersal of invasive plants.

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Competitive Interactions of Flowering Rush (Butomus umbellatus L.) Cytotypes in Submersed and Emergent Experimental Aquatic Plant Communities

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d12010040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 40 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nathan E. Harms

Keyword(s):

Plant Communities ◽

Invasive Plants ◽

Aquatic Plant ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Common Garden ◽

Competitive Interactions ◽

Depth Gradient ◽

Common Garden Experiments

The ability to invade communities in a variety of habitats (e.g., along a depth gradient) may facilitate establishment and spread of invasive plants, but how multiple lineages of a species perform under varying conditions is understudied. A series of greenhouse common garden experiments were conducted in which six diploid and four triploid populations of the aquatic invasive plant Butomus umbellatus L. (Butomaceae) were grown in submersed or emergent conditions, in monoculture or in a multispecies community, to compare establishment and productivity of cytotypes under competition. Diploid biomass overall was 12 times higher than triploids in the submersed experiment and three times higher in the emergent experiment. Diploid shoot:root ratio was double that of triploid plants in submersed conditions overall, and double in emergent conditions in monoculture. Relative interaction intensities (RII) indicated that triploid plants were sixteen times more negatively impacted by competition under submersed conditions but diploid plants were twice as impacted under emergent conditions. Recipient communities were similarly negatively impacted by B. umbellatus cytotypes. This study supports the idea that diploid and triploid B. umbellatus plants are equally capable of invading emergent communities, but that diploid plants may be better adapted for invading in submersed habitats. However, consistently lower shoot:root ratios in both monoculture and in communities suggests that triploid plants may be better-adapted competitors in the long term due to increased resource allocation to roots. This represents the first examination into the role of cytotype and habitat on competitive interactions of B. umbellatus.

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Disease in Invasive Plant Populations

Annual Review of Phytopathology ◽

10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012757 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 97-117

Author(s):

Erica M. Goss ◽

Amy E. Kendig ◽

Ashish Adhikari ◽

Brett Lane ◽

Nicholas Kortessis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Invasive Plants ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Evolutionary Dynamics ◽

Plant Diseases ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Native Plant ◽

Plant Populations ◽

Native Invasive ◽

Disease Free ◽

Over Time

Non-native invasive plants can establish in natural areas, where they can be ecologically damaging and costly to manage. Like cultivated plants, invasive plants can experience a relatively disease-free period upon introduction and accumulate pathogens over time. Diseases of invasive plant populations are infrequently studied compared to diseases of agriculture, forestry, and even native plant populations. We evaluated similarities and differences in the processes that are likely to affect pathogen accumulation and disease in invasive plants compared to cultivated plants, which are the dominant focus of the field of plant pathology. Invasive plants experience more genetic, biotic, and abiotic variation across space and over time than cultivated plants, which is expected to stabilize the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of interactions with pathogens and possibly weaken the efficacy of infectious disease in their control. Although disease is expected to be context dependent, the widespread distribution of invasive plants makes them important pathogen reservoirs. Research on invasive plant diseases can both protect crops and help manage invasive plant populations.

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