Community Perceptions and Environmental Conditions Around the Tegalgondo and Kepuharjo Temporary Trash Shelter Sites, Karangploso Sub-District

Community behavior in disposing of waste plays an important role in improving public health. Community participation is needed to reduce the amount of waste, especially the role of housewives. Efforts to reduce the amount of household waste require support, one of which is the public perception of household waste processing. So far, people do not have the habit of sorting and selecting waste so that the amount of waste disposed of at TPS continues to increase. This increase can affect the environmental conditions around the TPS if there is an accumulation of waste in the long term. This study aims to analyze public perceptions of TPS Tegalgondo and TPS Kepuharjo and to analyze the environmental conditions around TPS Tegalgondo and TPS Kepuharjo in Karangploso District. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative and direct field surveys. Based on the results of research conducted. The results of public perceptions of TPS Kepuharjo got very high perceptual scores about household waste management and low perceptions about TPS. The results of the analysis of environmental conditions at TPS Tegalgondo for the total risk value is 170 which is included in the medium category which means it requires high level management attention. The results of the analysis

Studi Etnobotani Kunyit (Curcuma) Pada Masyarakat Desa Klabetan Kecamatan Sepulu Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura Jawa Timur

Tanaman kunyit(Curcuma) relatif mudah ditemukan dan penggunannya sudah meluas tidak hanya untuk keperluan memasak namun juga untuk kesehatan. kunyit (Curcuma) atau disebut Konyek dalam Bahasa Madura adalah tanaman yang sudah sering dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Desa Klabetan sebagai bahan pangan maupun obat tradisional yang sering disebut Jhemoh dalam Bahasa Madura. Secara umum minum jamu diracik dari tumbuhan telah terjadi mulai sejak turun-temurun oleh masyarakat Madura. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat tentang pemanfaatan kunyit (Curcuma) di Desa Klabetan kecamatan Sepuluh kabupaten Bangkalan. Menggunakan metode deskriptif esploratif: studi pustaka, pengamatan di lapang, wawancara, analisis data dan dokumentasi persebaran tanaman kunyit (Curcuma) di Desa Klabetan Kecamatan Sepuluh Kabupaten Bangkalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat dua karakteristik kunyit yaitu kunyit (Curcuma) dengan kunyit pada pada organ sebagai bahan pangan 51% , obat obatan 46% dan ritual adat 3%. Bagian organ tanaman (Curcuma) jumlah daun 38%, rimpang 50% batang 12%. Jumlah kunyit (Curcuma) yang ditemukan sebanyak 7 titik di Dusun Bindeng dan 6 titik Dusun Bilarangan dari tiga Dusun.

Ekstraksi Astaxanthin Kulit Udang (Litopenaeus vannamei) Pantai Gunung Kidul Menggunakan Pelarut Minyak Bunga Matahari dan Etanol

ABSTRACT As a maritime country with vast waters, Indonesia has many opportunities to utilize marine resources as a source of bioactive compounds that have the potential as active medicinal ingredients. One of the marine biotas that potentially contains the active compounds is the Vannamei shrimp's shell (Litopenaeus vannamei), which is commonly found as waste along the coast of Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. The shrimp’s shell contains astaxanthin, a potential source of antioxidants for the health industry. The purpose of this study was to compare the astaxanthin extraction yield from L. vannamei shrimp shells using sunflower oil and 70% ethanol. The Astaxanthin extraction used sunflower oil and ethanol 70% as solvents and was done by maceration method, while the phytochemical test and Astaxanthin profiling used Thin Layer Chromatography and Spectrophotometer with Kelly and Harmon (1972) [5] calculations as well as pure Astaxanthin standards. The extraction yield of the 70% ethanol extraction was further processed by column chromatography using ether: ethanol (8: 2) as mobile phase. The highest Astaxanthin yield (220 mg / g of shrimp powder) was obtained from the extraction with sunflower oil compared to the 70% ethanol solvent, while the fractionation result with a chromatographic column from a crude extract of ethanol 70% showed high astaxanthin yield of 220.77 mg. / g fraction. The results of the fraction test on rat neutrophils, the best percentage reduction was at a concentration of 150 mg / g bw of rats.

Antidiabetes Serbuk Umbi Tanaman Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) pada Kadar Gula Darah Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)

The routine and long-term use of oral antidiabetic drugs in DM patients can make the public's perception worried about the side effects of the drug. In the Yakon (SS) plant tuber there is Fructooligosacaraide (FOS) which can reduce blood sugar levels. The research objective was to determine the effect of Yakon plant tubers on blood sugar levels in white rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus model. This type of research was experimental with a pre-post test design with control-group design. Independent variable, administration of Yakon plant tuber powder, dependent variable, blood glucose levels. The sample was divided into 2 groups (dose 1, dose 2) and a control group, each of 6 rats. The mice were given a high carbohydrate diet for 9 weeks. Treatment dose 1 (100 mg / kgBB) for 3 days. Measurement of blood sugar levels using Gluco-Dr. Data analysis used Paired Sample T-test, Independent Sample T-test, and One Way Anova. The results showed that the rats in the treatment group dose 1 experienced a decrease in the average blood sugar level of 122.83 mg / dl (p 0.002) (p 0.009). This shows that there is an effect of using Yakon plant tuber powder on blood sugar levels. The results of this study were the control group and the treatment group dose 1 (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000, α = 0.05). Meanwhile, the comparison results showed that there was a difference between the control group and the treatment group at dose 1, Based on the above research, Yakon tubers can be used to reduce blood sugar levels.

The Effect of Exposure of Cigarette Smoke With Herb Additives on Leukocyte and Lung Histopathology of Mice (Mus musculus)

Smoking habits have been around since ancient times, but nowadays this habit is considered to be detrimental, especially to health. The impact that is often felt by smokers is difficulty in breathing because the lungs are exposed to cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke contains about 1015-1017 oxidants or free radicals, as well as 4700 harmful chemicals, including aldehydes / carbonyls, NO2, and SO2. Herbal cigarettes are tobacco cigarettes with added ingredients from plants. Gurah terapi sin cigarettes are herbal cigarettes that are sold commercially. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of gurah cigarette smoking on the leukocytes and lung histology of mice. This study used a comparative method consisting of 3 groups, namely the control was not exposed to cigarette smoke, treatment 1 was exposed to commercial cigarette smoke and treatment 2 was exposed to cigarette smoke with herbal ingredients and each group consisted of 10 replications. The results showed that there were significant differences (p <0.05) regarding the number of cell necrosis, type II pneumocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, hemorrhage, and alveolar dilation. While the results of the analysis of the number of leukocytes showed no significant difference where p > 0.05. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the number of leukocytes in the control group, treatment 1 and treatment 2 (p > 0.05). herbs containing various kinds of antioxidants cause a tendency for differences in the number of leukocytes where there is a decrease in the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils and an improvement in the histopathological structure of the lung against type I pneumocyte cell necrosis, hemorrhage, alveolar dilation, type II pneumocyte cell proliferation, and inflammatory cell infiltration in exposed mice. commercial cigarette smoke without herbal ingredients.

Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Biji Durian pada Pembuatan Bioplastik

Plastic is a type of packaging that is often used in everyday life, however, in general, the plastic used is synthetic plastic which takes a very long time to decompose. Bioplastic is an environmentally friendly plastic film made from organic materials so that it can decompose naturally with the help of microorganisms. This study aims to determine the effects which have the potential as a supporting material in increasing bioplastic characteristics such as thickness, water absorption and biodegradation. The research method was to use experiment and analysis of varian. Durian seed flour is carried out through a process of sorting, washing, stripping, soaking, slicing, drying, packing and storing. Meanwhile, the method of making bioplastics is done by mixing tapioca flour, cornstarch, durian seed flour of adding various durian seed flour: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 grams, distilled water, acetic acid and glycerin. The analysis results obtained on the test of bioplastic characteristics, namely, thickness test ranging from 0.63 mm - 0.84 mm and water resistance test ranging from 71,43%-86,54% which water absorption test ranging from 13.46% - 28.57% and the biodegradability test ranging from 17.78% - 47 , 06%. Keywords: durian seeds, bioplastics, biodegradability, flour ABSTRAK Plastik adalah jenis pengemas yang sering dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, akan tetapi pada umumnya plastik yang digunakan merupakan plastik sintetik yang membutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama untuk terurai. Bioplastik merupakan film plastik yang ramah lingkungan yang terbuat dari bahan-bahan organik sehingga dapat terurai secara alami dengan bantuan mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung biji durian yang berpotensi sebagai bahan penunjang dalam meningkatkan karakteristik bioplastik seperti ketebalan, ketahanan terhadap air dan biodegradasi. Metode penelitian adalah menggunakan eksperimen dan sidik ragam data. Tepung biji durian dilakukan melalui proses penyortiran, pencucian, pengupasan, perendaman, pengirisan, pengeringan, penepungan dan penyimpanan. Sedangkan untuk metode pembuatan bioplastik dilakukan dengan mencampurkan tepung tapioka, tepung maizena, tepung biji durian dengan variasi: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 gram, akuades, asam asetat dan gliserin. Hasil analisa yang didapat pada pengujian karakteristik bioplastik yaitu, uji ketebalan yang berkisar 0,63 mm – 0,84 mm, uji ketahanan terhadap air yang berkisar 71,43%-86,54% dengan penyerapan air berkisar 13,46 % - 28,57% dan uji biodegradibilitas yang berkisar 17,78% - 47,06%. Kata kunci: biji durian, bioplastik, biodegradibilitas, tepung.

Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Emulgator terhadap Karakterisasi Fisik Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa)

The formulation and physical characterization test of rosella extract cream preparations have been carried out using various types of non-ionic emulsifier concentration ratios (combination of tween 80 and span 80). Comparison of the concentrations of tween 80 and span 80 used in this study were 2%, 3%, and 4%. The aim of this study included organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, dispersion test, and emulsion type test. The result obtained from the physical characterization test were the organoleptic tests for the three formulas showed the same organoleptic results, namely red color, characteristic smell of rosella, and semisolid consistency. Homogeinity test shows that the formula is homogenous. The pH test showed that F1 4,29; F2 4,6; F3 5. Viscosity test showed that F1 432,4 mPas; F2 434,3 mPas; 435,3 mPas. The dispersion test was carried out without using a load of 50 g, 100 g, and 200 g. the results shown form the spreadability test of three formulas were were F1 5 cm; 5,5 cm; and 6 cm; F2 6 cm; 6,35 cm; 7,25; and 7,5 cm. F3 6,25 cm; 7,5 cm; 7,75 cm; 8 cm. The emulsion type indicated by the three formulas is oil in water. Based on these results, it can be seen that the emulsifier concentration has an effect on PH, viscosity, and spreadibility. The higher the concentration of emulsifier used, the higher pH value, viscosity, and spreadibility.

Distribusi dan Frekuensi Alel Golongan Darah Sistem ABO dan Rhesus pada Penduduk Pulau Gili Ketapang Probolinggo

Sistem penggolongan darah pada manusia yang banyak dikenal adalah sistem ABO dan rhesus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mengetahui distribusi golongan darah sistem ABO dan rhesus serta frekuensi alel pada populasi penduduk pulau Gili Ketapang, kabupaten Probolinggo. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak dengan cara dilakukan pengundian jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 384 jiwa. Identifikasi golongan darah sistem ABO pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode slide dengan prinsip antigen (aglutinogen) yang direaksikan dengan antibodi (aglutinin). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi golongan darah sistem ABO dan Rhesus O+ (46,61%), B+ (24,22%), A+ (23,18%), dan AB+ (5,99%). Frekuensi alel IA(0,16), frekuensi alel IB (0,16), frekuensi alel i (0,68), dan frekuensi alel rhesus positif (Rh+) adalah 1

Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) terhadap Kualitas Spermatozoa Mencit (Mus musculus L.) Yang Terpapar Asap Rokok.

This study aims to determine the effect of given robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) leaf extract on the spermatozoa quality of mice (Mus musculus L.) exposed to cigarette smoke. The experiment was using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and each consisted of six mice as replications. Each treatment was K- (without exposure to cigarette smoke), K+ (exposure to cigarette smoke + 0.5% Na-CMC), P1 (exposure to cigarette smoke + Robusta coffee leaf extract at a dose of 60 mg/kgbw), P2 (exposure to cigarette smoke + Robusta coffee leaf extract at a dose of 120 mg/kgbw) and P3 (exposure to cigarette smoke + Robusta coffee leaf extract at a dose of 180 mg/kgbw). On the 36th day, mice were taken down by anesthesia and followed by surgery to collect spermatozoa. The parameters for this observation were the concentration, motility, viability, morphology, and integrity of the spermatozoa membrane. The data obtained were analyzed statistically with One Way Anova and further tested with DMRT. The results showed that the treatment of robusta coffee leaf exstract in mice exposed to cigarette smoke had a significant effect (P<0,05) on the quality of spermatozoa.

Studi Nilai Etnobotani dan Sosio-Ekologi Generasi Milenial Sumba

Ethnic and natural environments coexist together. However, along with the development of modernization to various corners of the region also makes challenges for indigenous peoples to remain in the future. The purpose of this study is to describe ethnobotany values ​​in the Sumba millennial generation and to examine the socio-ecological aspects as a new perspective in ethnobotany studies. Sumba millennials are students of the Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University who are regional children who still live with a cultural environment, especially the Sumba area, East Nusa Tenggara. Through questionnaires, open questions and in-depth interviews with key respondents, it can be assessed the extent to which cultural values ​​exist in the Sumba millennial generation who have received education and modern life. Socio-ecological studies are important to be carried out as a perspective in making various policy directions. Particularly in the direction of education, selection, and determination of customary values ​​and how efforts to conserve them become co-existent ethnicities and environments. The results obtained by most of the millennial generation still hold customary values ​​in their daily behavior. This aspect is reflected in the use of traditional medicine, skills in weaving, natural coloring, eating betel-nut, and positive perceptions of the preservation of its culture in the future. Keywords:Ethnobotany, Indonesia, Milenial, Sumba, Socio-Ecology ABSTRAK Etnis dan lingkungan alam hidup berdampingan. Namun, dengan seiring berkembangnya modernisasi hingga ke berbagai pelosok daerah juga menjadikan tantangan untuk masyarakat adat tetap bertahan di masa depan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai etnobotani pada generasi milenial Sumba serta mengkaji aspek sosio-ekologi sebagai perspektif baru dalam kajian etnobotani. Milenial Sumba yaitu mahasiswa Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi yang merupakan anak daerah yang masih hidup dengan lingkungan kebudayaan khususnya daerah Sumba, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Melalui kuesioner, pertanyaan terbuka serta wawancara mendalam pada responden kunci dapat dikaji sejauh mana nilai-nilai kebudayaan yang ada pada generasi milenial Sumba yang telah mengenyam pendidikan dan kehidupan modern di Kota Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Kajian sosio-ekologi menjadi penting untuk dilakukan sebagai perspektif dalam pengambilan arah berbagai kebijakan. Khususnya dalam arah pendidikan, pemilihan, dan penentuan nilai-nilai adat dan bagaimana upaya pelestariannya menjadi etnis dan lingkungan yang saling berdampingan. Hasil yang diperoleh sebagian besar generasi milenial masih memegang nilai adat dalam perilakunya sehari-hari. Aspek tersebut tercermin dalam penggunaan obat tradisional, keterampilan menenun, mewarnai secara alami, makan sirih-pinang, serta persepsi positif terhadap kelestarian budayanya di masa depan. Kata kunci: etnobotani, Indonesia, milenial, Sumba, Sosio-Ekologi