Direct effects of soil organic matter on productivity mirror those observed with organic amendments

2017 ◽  
Vol 423 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. Oldfield ◽  
Stephen A. Wood ◽  
Mark A. Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Direct Effects

Fe(II)-catalyzed transformation of Fe (hydr)oxides in particle-size soil organic matter fractions from amended agricultural soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Giannetta ◽  
Ramona Balint ◽  
Daniel Said-Pullicino ◽  
César Plaza ◽  
Maria Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Mineral Transformations

<p>Redox-driven changes in Fe crystallinity and speciation may affect soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization and carbon (C) turnover, with consequent influence on global terrestrial soil organic carbon (SOC) cycling.<span> </span>Under reducing conditions, increasing concentrations of Fe(II) released in solution from the reductive dissolution of Fe (hydr)oxides may accelerate ferrihydrite transformation, although our understanding of the influence of SOM on these transformations is still lacking.<span> </span></p><p>Here, we evaluated abiotic Fe(II)-catalyzed mineralogical changes in Fe (hydr)oxides in bulk soils and size-fractionated SOM pools (for comparison, fine silt plus clay, FSi+Cl, and fine sand, FSa) of an agricultural soil, unamended or amended with biochar, municipal solid waste compost, and a combination of both.<span> </span></p><p>FSa fractions showed the most significant Fe(II)-catalyzed ferrihydrite transformations with the consequent production of well-ordered Fe oxides irrespective of soil amendment, with the only exception being the compost-amended soils. In contrast, poorly crystalline ferrihydrite still constituted <em>ca. </em>45% of the FSi+Cl fractions of amended soils, confirming the that the higher SOM content in this fraction inhibits atom exchange between aqueous Fe(II) and the solid phase. Building on our knowledge of Fe(II)-catalyzed mineralogical changes in simple systems, our results evidenced that the mechanisms of abiotic Fe mineral transformations in bulk soils depend on Fe mineralogy, organic C content and quality, and organo-mineral associations that exist across particle-size SOM pools. Our results underline that in the fine fractions the increase in SOM due to organic amendments can contribute to limiting abiotic Fe(II)-catalyzed ferrihydrite transformation, while coarser particle-size fractions represent an understudied pool of SOM subjected to Fe mineral transformations.<span> </span></p>

Effect of Organic Amendments on the Evolution of Soil Organic Matter in Soils Stressed by Intensive Agricultural Practices

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 2998-3005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Scotti ◽  
Pellegrino Conte ◽  
Anne Berns ◽  
Giuseppe Alonzo ◽  
Maria Rao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Agricultural Practices

Changes in soil organic matter chemical properties after organic amendments

Chemosphere ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1245-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Sebastia ◽  
Jérôme Labanowski ◽  
Isabelle Lamy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties

scholarly journals Repeated short-term organic amendments effects on physical and biological properties of a San Antón soil

1969 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-140
Author(s):  
Ian C. Pagán-Roig ◽  
Joaquín A. Chong ◽  
José A. Dumas ◽  
Consuelo Estévez de Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Microbial Biomass N ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Biomass N

The objective of this work was to measure the effects of repeated short-term organic amendments that we termed soil treatment management cycles (STMC) on physical and biological properties of a San Antón series soil. Each STMC lasted 60 days and consisted of incorporating 5% organic matter from coffee pulp compost; the planting, growth and incorporation of an intercrop of four green manure species; and the application of mycorrhizae and compost tea. The treatments were labeled: CL0, CL1, CL2 and CL3; where CL0 was the control, CL1 received one STMC, CL2 and CL3 received two and three STMC, respectively. The STMC intended to mimic the overall effect of a sustainable agricultural system, not to measure the individual effects of the practices. All treatments (CL1, CL2, CL3) showed an increase in soil organic matter (p≤0.05). When compared to the CL0 control, saturated hydraulic conductivity increased and bulk density decreased in all soils. Soil macroporosity was significantly increased by CL2 and CL3. Soil aggregate stability increased in CL1, CL2 and CL3 plots. Microbial biomass C increased in treatment CL3, and microbial biomass N increased in CL2 and CL3. The production of stable aggregates was correlated to humic acid content and positively influenced all other physical parameters assessed in this study. The STMC had a positive impact on soil properties by increasing the soil organic matter as well as the humic acid fraction. Soil macroporosity, defined as porosity with radius > 38 µm, was significantly increased by treatments CL2 and CL3. All of the organic matter fractions, including total organic matter, humic acid content, microbial biomass C and microbial biomass N were significantly increased by one or more STMC.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CROP RESIDUES IN THE SOIL

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lueken ◽  
W. L. Hutcheon ◽  
E. A. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
Advanced Stages

Additions of mineral nitrogen accelerated the initial decomposition rate of incorporated wheat straw, alfalfa hay and glucose when added to two soils differing widely in organic matter content. However, in the more advanced stages of decomposition the reverse was true, and over the total incubation period larger amounts of carbon were maintained in soils supplemented with nitrogen.In contrast to all other residues used, nitrogen additions to cellulose effected a continuous and substantial increase in residue decomposition. This was the only residue for which the mineralization of soil organic matter did not supply nitrogen adequate for its decomposition within 120 days.The very slow rate of decomposition of sphagnum peat could be attributed to its high lignin content, rather than to the nitrogen levels.Sulphacetolysis analysis, which measures the non-humified carbon, indicated the feasibility of separating non-humified crop residues from the more complex soil organic matter. Addition of organic amendments thus resulted in a drop in the soil humification quotient. Nitrogen resulted in the retention of a significantly higher percentage of the added residue, without a drop in the humification quotient for the high organic matter Melfort soil.Residue applications to soils produced a significant improvement of structural development, especially in the low organic matter soil (Arborfield).

Soil organic matter evolution after the application of high doses of organic amendments in a Mediterranean calcareous soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1257-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio González-Ubierna ◽  
Ignacio Jorge-Mardomingo ◽  
Beatriz Carrero-González ◽  
María Teresa de la Cruz ◽  
Miguel Ángel Casermeiro
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
High Doses

EFFECT OF LONG-TERM ANNUAL ADDITIONS OF VARIOUS ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON THE ORGANIC MATTER OF A CLAY AND A SAND

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Sowden ◽  
H. J. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Drying And Rewetting ◽  
Rye Straw

Annual additions of green rye, straw, alfalfa, leaves, peat, muck and manure to an Uplands sand and a Rideau clay soil under field conditions were made for a 20-year period. With the Rideau clay there was a loss of organic matter on the control and rye plots; most of the loss with the control plot was in the first 10 years. The additions of straw, alfalfa, leaves and manure maintained the carbon level. Only the peat and muck treatments increased the organic matter, all the increase taking place in the first 10 years. With the Uplands sand the carbon decreased on the control, but all other treatments increased the carbon content. These effects were largest with the peat and muck and took place in the first 10 years.In general, the pyrophosphate solubility and acriflavine adsorption capacity of the soil organic matter were related to their carbon contents. Dehydrogenase activity did not appear to be related to organic matter. Oxygen uptake, in a Warburg respirometer, was lowest with the samples from the control plots from both soils. After drying and rewetting of the soils, a second Warburg test showed that the oxygen uptake was at a lower level.

scholarly journals Soils & Fertilizers for Master Gardeners: Soil Organic Matter and Organic Amendments

EDIS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurpal S. Toor ◽  
Amy L. Shober
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Water Science ◽  
Soil And Water

Revised! SL-273, a 3-page illustrated fact sheet by Gurpal S. Toor and Amy L. Shober, educates homeowners about the importance of soil organic matter and provides suggestions about how to build the organic matter in garden and landscape soils. It is part of a series entitled Soils and Fertilizers for Master Gardeners. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, January 2009. SL273/MG454: Soils and Fertilizers for Master Gardeners: Soil Organic Matter and Organic Amendments (ufl.edu)

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