scholarly journals SuperCam Calibration Targets: Design and Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Manrique ◽  
G. Lopez-Reyes ◽  
A. Cousin ◽  
F. Rull ◽  
S. Maurice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Calibration Target ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Full Picture ◽  
Vibrational Features ◽  
Mineral Identification

AbstractSuperCam is a highly integrated remote-sensing instrumental suite for NASA’s Mars 2020 mission. It consists of a co-aligned combination of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), Visible and Infrared Spectroscopy (VISIR), together with sound recording (MIC) and high-magnification imaging techniques (RMI). They provide information on the mineralogy, geochemistry and mineral context around the Perseverance Rover.The calibration of this complex suite is a major challenge. Not only does each technique require its own standards or references, their combination also introduces new requirements to obtain optimal scientific output. Elemental composition, molecular vibrational features, fluorescence, morphology and texture provide a full picture of the sample with spectral information that needs to be co-aligned, correlated, and individually calibrated.The resulting hardware includes different kinds of targets, each one covering different needs of the instrument. Standards for imaging calibration, geological samples for mineral identification and chemometric calculations or spectral references to calibrate and evaluate the health of the instrument, are all included in the SuperCam Calibration Target (SCCT). The system also includes a specifically designed assembly in which the samples are mounted. This hardware allows the targets to survive the harsh environmental conditions of the launch, cruise, landing and operation on Mars during the whole mission. Here we summarize the design, development, integration, verification and functional testing of the SCCT. This work includes some key results obtained to verify the scientific outcome of the SuperCam system.

scholarly journals The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Maurice ◽  
R. C. Wiens ◽  
P. Bernardi ◽  
P. Caïs ◽  
S. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Target Holder ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Remote Determination ◽  
Acoustic Recording

AbstractOn the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2–7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam’s science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data.

Determination of Carbon Content in Steel Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1382-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Aguilera ◽  
C. Aragón ◽  
J. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy has been used to determine carbon content in steel. The plasma was formed by focusing a Nd:YAG laser on the sample surface. With the use of time-resolved spectroscopy and generation of the plasma in nitrogen atmosphere, a precision of 1.6% and a detection limit of 65 ppm have been obtained. These values are similar to those of other accurate conventional techniques. Matrix effects for the studied steels are reduced to a small slope difference between the calibration curves for stainless and nonstainless steels.

Time-resolved ultraviolet laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for organic material analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1329-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Baudelet ◽  
Myriam Boueri ◽  
Jin Yu ◽  
Samuel S. Mao ◽  
Vincent Piscitelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Ultraviolet Laser ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Material Analysis ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

scholarly journals Effect of sample temperature on time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

AIP Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 065214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaimin Guo ◽  
Anmin Chen ◽  
Wanpeng Xu ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Mingxing Jin
Keyword(s):  
Sample Temperature ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Multiphase mineral identification and quantification by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 281-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josette El Haddad ◽  
Elton Soares de Lima Filho ◽  
Francis Vanier ◽  
Aïssa Harhira ◽  
Christian Padioleau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Mineral Identification ◽  
Identification And Quantification

Evaluation of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Analysis of Animal Tissues

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1137-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dário Santos ◽  
Ricardo Elgul Samad ◽  
Lílian Cristina Trevizan ◽  
Anderson Zanardi de Freitas ◽  
Nilson Dias Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Certified Reference Materials ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Animal Tissues ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Intensified Charge Coupled Device

The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (fs-LIBS) for the determination of elements in animal tissues. Sample pellets were prepared from certified reference materials, such as liver, kidney, muscle, hepatopancreas, and oyster, after cryogenic grinding assisted homogenization. Individual samples were placed in a two-axis computer-controlled translation stage that moved in the plane orthogonal to a beam originating from a Ti:Sapphire chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) laser system operating at 800 nm and producing a train of 840 μJ and 40 fs pulses at 90 Hz. The plasma emission was coupled into the optical fiber of a high-resolution intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD)–echelle spectrometer. Time-resolved characteristics of the laser-produced plasmas showed that the best results were obtained with delay times between 80 and 120 ns. Data obtained indicate both that it is a matrix-independent sampling process and that fs-LIBS can be used for the determination of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, and P, but efforts must be made to obtain more appropriate detection limits for Al, Sr, and Zn.

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Detection of Lead in Concrete

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 880-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew V. Pakhomov ◽  
William Nichols ◽  
Jacek Borysow
Keyword(s):  
Sample Surface ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Calibration Function ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scale Down

Time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was applied for quantitative measurement of lead content in concrete at levels down to 10 ppm. The breakdown was formed at the sample surface by a Q-switched ND:YAG laser operating at a 1.06-μm wavelength and a repetition rate of 10 Hz. Contamination levels were inferred from the ratio of the integrated emission line of lead to a known reference line of the matrix. The lead contamination can be determined on an absolute scale down to 10 ppm at an optimum delay time of 3.0 μs. These results were derived from analysis of the temporal evolution of the calibration function within a 0.1- to 19.0-μs time range. The calibration function exhibits no dependence on the incident laser pulse energy, which was varied from 250 to 400 mJ.

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