The Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) Emirates Mars InfraRed Spectrometer (EMIRS) Instrument

AbstractThe Emirates Mars Mission Emirates Mars Infrared Spectrometer (EMIRS) will provide remote measurements of the martian surface and lower atmosphere in order to better characterize the geographic and diurnal variability of key constituents (water ice, water vapor, and dust) along with temperature profiles on sub-seasonal timescales. EMIRS is a FTIR spectrometer covering the range from 6.0-100+ μm (1666-100 cm−1) with a spectral sampling as high as 5 cm−1 and a 5.4-mrad IFOV and a 32.5×32.5 mrad FOV. The EMIRS optical path includes a flat 45° pointing mirror to enable one degree of freedom and has a +/- 60° clear aperture around the nadir position which is fed to a 17.78-cm diameter Cassegrain telescope. The collected light is then fed to a flat-plate based Michelson moving mirror mounted on a dual linear voice-coil motor assembly. An array of deuterated L-alanine doped triglycine sulfate (DLaTGS) pyroelectric detectors are used to sample the interferogram every 2 or 4 seconds (depending on the spectral sampling selected). A single 0.846 μm laser diode is used in a metrology interferometer to provide interferometer positional control, sampled at 40 kHz (controlled at 5 kHz) and infrared signal sampled at 625 Hz. The EMIRS beamsplitter is a 60-mm diameter, 1-mm thick 1-arcsecond wedged chemical vapor deposited diamond with an antireflection microstructure to minimize first surface reflection. EMIRS relies on an instrumented internal v-groove blackbody target for a full-aperture radiometric calibration. The radiometric precision of a single spectrum (in 5 cm−1 mode) is <3.0×10−8 W cm−2 sr−1/cm−1 between 300 and 1350 cm−1 over instrument operational temperatures (<∼0.5 K NE$\Delta $ Δ T @ 250 K). The absolute integrated radiance error is < 2% for scene temperatures ranging from 200-340 K. The overall EMIRS envelope size is 52.9×37.5×34.6 cm and the mass is 14.72 kg including the interface adapter plate. The average operational power consumption is 22.2 W, and the standby power consumption is 18.6 W with a 5.7 W thermostatically limited, always-on operational heater. EMIRS was developed by Arizona State University and Northern Arizona University in collaboration with the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre with Arizona Space Technologies developing the electronics. EMIRS was integrated, tested and radiometrically calibrated at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ.

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Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) 2020 Overview and Status

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-1906 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Omran Sharaf ◽

Sarah Amiri ◽

Hessa Almatroushi ◽

Adnan AlRais ◽

Mohammad Wali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Arab Emirates ◽

Martian Atmosphere ◽

Space Physics ◽

Lower Atmosphere ◽

State University ◽

Arizona State University ◽

Transfer Programs ◽

Mars Mission ◽

Atmospheric Escape ◽

The Status

The Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) is the United Arab Emirates&#8217; (UAE) first mission to Mars and is the first Arab mission to another planet. It launched an unmanned observatory called &#8220;Hope&#8221; into an elliptical orbit around Mars on July 20, 2020&#160; carrying three scientific instruments to study the Martian atmosphere in visible, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths. EMM will be the first mission to provide the first truly global picture of the Martian atmosphere, revealing important information about how atmospheric processes drive diurnal variations for a period of one Martian year. This will provide scientists with valuable understanding of the changes to the Martian atmosphere today through the achievement of three scientific objectives:<ul><li>Characterize the state of the Martian lower atmosphere on global scales and its geographic, diurnal and seasonal variability.</li> <li>Correlate rates of thermal and photochemical atmospheric escape with conditions in the collisional Martian atmosphere.</li> <li>Characterize the spatial structure and variability of key constituents in the Martian exosphere.</li> </ul>The mission is led by Emiratis from Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC) and is expanding the nation&#8217;s human capital through knowledge transfer programs set with international partners from the University of Colorado Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP), Arizona State University (ASU) School of Earth and Space Exploration, and University of California Berkeley Space Sciences Laboratory (SSL). The presentation will review the status of the mission up to and beyond a successful Mars Orbit Insertion on Feb 9, 2021, including activities from Mars orbit in preparation for the start of mission science in May 2021.

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Transfer optics for high spatial resolution electron spectroscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100105394 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 666-667

Author(s):

G. G. Hembree ◽

Luo Chuan Hong ◽

P.A. Bennett ◽

J.A. Venables

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽

Low Energy ◽

Objective Lens ◽

State University ◽

Arizona State University ◽

Initial Field ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Scanning Transmission ◽

Low Energy Electrons

A new field emission scanning transmission electron microscope has been constructed for the NSF HREM facility at Arizona State University. The microscope is to be used for studies of surfaces, and incorporates several surface-related features, including provision for analysis of secondary and Auger electrons; these electrons are collected through the objective lens from either side of the sample, using the parallelizing action of the magnetic field. This collimates all the low energy electrons, which spiral in the high magnetic field. Given an initial field Bi∼1T, and a final (parallelizing) field Bf∼0.01T, all electrons emerge into a cone of semi-angle θf≤6°. The main practical problem in the way of using this well collimated beam of low energy (0-2keV) electrons is that it is travelling along the path of the (100keV) probing electron beam. To collect and analyze them, they must be deflected off the beam path with minimal effect on the probe position.

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Readjustment of the Standard ASUDAS to Encompass Dental Morphological Variations in Plio-Pleistocene Hominins

Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d anthropologie de Paris ◽

10.3166/bmsap-2018-0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (1-2) ◽

pp. 32-48

Author(s):

M. Louail ◽

S. Prat

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Homo Sapiens ◽

Initial Study ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

State University ◽

Arizona State University ◽

Dental Anthropology ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

Fossil Hominins ◽

Fossil Hominin

The standard ASUDAS scoring system (Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System) is used to assess dental morphological variations in modern humans. It is also frequently used to study, score, and compare morphological variations in fossil hominin taxa and to examine their phylogenetic relationships. However, using ASUDAS in studies of this type is under debate because it is based on modern Homo sapiens populations and does not appear to cover all variations observed in fossil Plio-Pleistocene homi- nins. Our observations and coding of 178 dentals casts of Plio-Pleistocene specimens based on ASUDAS and from the literature have confirmed the need to adapt the standard system to fossil hominins. In this initial study, we propose that the scoring procedures for some morphological characters need to be readjusted, while others could be standardized following the ASUDAS system.

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Decálogos e inventarios

Educación Química ◽

10.22201/fq.18708404e.2005.4e.66075 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (4e) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Andoni Garritz ◽

Andrés Raviolo

Keyword(s):

State University ◽

Arizona State University

La investigación en torno a las concepciones alternativas (Wandersee, Mintzes, y Novak, 1994; Arizona State University, 2001; Flores, 2002) constituye una de las principales y fecundas líneas de investigación en Didáctica de las Ciencias que ha contribuido, en buena medida, a su surgimiento y consolidación como disciplina o campo de conocimiento (Gil, 1994; Adúriz-Bravo e Izquierdo, 2002). La Didáctica de la Química forma parte de esta ciencia.

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