scholarly journals Three doors anomaly, “should I stay, or should I go”: an artefactual field experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Morone ◽  
Rocco Caferra ◽  
Alessia Casamassima ◽  
Alessandro Cascavilla ◽  
Paola Tiranzoni
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Bayesian Updating ◽  
Anomalous Behavior ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Illusion Of Control ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Status Quo Bias ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis work aims to identify and quantify the biases behind the anomalous behavior of people when they deal with the Three Doors dilemma, which is a really simple but counterintuitive game. Carrying out an artefactual field experiment and proposing eight different treatments to isolate the anomalies, we provide new interesting experimental evidence on the reasons why subjects fail to take the optimal decision. According to the experimental results, we are able to quantify the size and the impact of three main biases that explain the anomalous behavior of participants: Bayesian updating, illusion of control and status quo bias.

scholarly journals Truth in advertising: Reporting performance of computer programs, algorithms and the impact of architecture

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Hazelhurst
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Exact Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Science Disciplines

The level of detail and precision that appears in the experimental methodology section computer science papers is usually much less than in natural science disciplines. This is partially justified by different nature of experiments. The experimental evidence presented here shows that the time taken by the same algorithm varies so significantly on different CPUs that without knowing the exact model of CPU, it is difficult to compare the results. This is placed in context by analysing a cross-section of experimental results reported in the literature. The reporting of experimental results is sometimes insufficient to allow experiments to be replicated, and in some case is insufficient to support the claims made for the algorithms. New standards for reporting on algorithms results are suggested.

scholarly journals The Role of Mindset in Education : A Large-Scale Field Experiment in Disadvantaged Schools

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Huillery ◽  
Adrien Bouguen ◽  
Axelle Charpentier ◽  
Yann Algan ◽  
Coralie Chevallier
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Growth Mindset ◽  
Disadvantaged Schools ◽  
Scale Field ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
The Impact

This article provides experimental evidence of the impact of a four-year inter-vention aimed at developing students’ growth mindset and internal locus ofcontrol in disadvantaged middle schools. We find a 0.07 standard deviationincrease in GPA, associated with a change in students’ mindset, improved be-havior as reported by teachers and school registers, and higher educational andprofessional aspirations. International empirical benchmarks reveal that theintervention is at least ten times more cost-effective than the typical educa-tional intervention. However, while reducing between-school inequality whentargeted to disadvantaged schools, the program benefits less to more fragilestudents, therefore increasing within-school inequality.

Nutritional and economic impact of five alternative front-of-pack nutritional labels: experimental evidence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Crosetto ◽  
Anne Lacroix ◽  
Laurent Muller ◽  
Bernard Ruffieux
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Food Shopping ◽  
Framed Field Experiment ◽  
Nutritional Score ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAn incentivised laboratory framed field experiment with 691 subjects examined the impact of five front-of-pack labels (Multiple Traffic Lights; Reference Intakes; HealthStarRating; NutriScore and Système d’Etiquetage Nutritionnel Simplifié) on food shopping within a catalogue of 290 products. Using difference-in-difference, we estimate the between-label variability of within-subject changes in the shopping’s Food and Standards Agency aggregated nutritional score. All labels improve the nutritional quality (−1.56 FSA points on average). NutriScore is the most effective (−2.65), followed by HealthStarRating (−1.86). Behaviourally, subjects react mostly to the extreme values of the labels and not to intermediate values. Nutritional gains are not correlated with higher expenditure.

The Impact of Psychological Traits on Performance Under Pressure—Experimental Evidence of Handball Penalties

2021 ◽  
pp. 152700252110271
Author(s):  
Christoph Bühren ◽  
Lisa Träger
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Sequential Games ◽  
First Mover Advantage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Mover ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Performance Under Pressure

Our field experiment analyzes the influence of psychological traits on performance in sequential games. It uses handball penalties thrown under individual, team, or tournament incentives in the ABBA sequence. Considering the single moves of these games, player A and player B are taking turns in being the first-mover. We find no significant first-mover advantage. However, we observe that player A performs better than player B under tournament incentives and if he or she is confident enough.

Default Bias in Extended Choice Rules

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Somdeb Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Simple Proof ◽  
Axiomatic Characterization ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Choice Rule ◽  
Status Quo Bias ◽  
The Status

In this paper we provide a reader friendly axiomatic characterization of the default bias extended choice rule, in the framework available in lecture 3 of Rubinstein (2016) . As noted there “experimental evidence and introspection tell us that a default option is often viewed positively by a decision maker, a phenomenon known as the status quo bias”. A different axiomatic characterization of the extended choice rule is available in that lecture. Our proof makes use of the Szpilrajn's extension which for finite sets (as in our case) has a very simple proof. JEL Classification: D01, D03

scholarly journals The Effects of Informational Framing on Charitable Pledges: Experimental Evidence from a Fund Raising Campaign

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54
Author(s):  
Anwar Shah ◽  
Karim Khan ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Fund Raising ◽  
Full Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Average Size ◽  
The Impact

We designed a field experiment to test the direction of the impact of informational frame on charitable pledges. We solicited charitable pledges from 395 students during a campaign aimed at helping students through students at the School of Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad. The participants are randomly divided into 5 different treatments. In the Pledge Disclosed (PD) treatment, we provided information to students about the average size of pledge we received from participants in the Baseline (BL) treatment. Similarly, in the Need Disclosed (ND) treatment, we provided information about the total need of those who asked for assistantship. In the Pledge & Need Disclosed (P&ND) treatment, we informed the students about both the need as well as the pledge made by the students to meet that need. In All Disclosed (AD) treatment, we provided details about the need, pledges, the previous history of the project, and the pledge by Charity Australia International. The findings show that relative to BL treatment, charitable pledges decreased when participants were informed about the previous pledges and the total required need. However, charitable pledge increased when full information was provided to the participants. JEL Classification: D64 Keywords: Charitable Pledges, Philanthropy, Helping Students through Students, Field Experiment

scholarly journals Heads or Tails: The Impact of a Coin Toss on Major Life Decisions and Subsequent Happiness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Coin Toss ◽  
Randomized Field Experiment ◽  
The Status ◽  
Life Decisions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Little is known about whether people make good choices when facing important decisions. This article reports on a large-scale randomized field experiment in which research subjects having difficulty making a decision flipped a coin to help determine their choice. For important decisions (e.g. quitting a job or ending a relationship), individuals who are told by the coin toss to make a change are more likely to make a change, more satisfied with their decisions, and happier six months later than those whose coin toss instructed maintaining the status quo. This finding suggests that people may be excessively cautious when facing life-changing choices.

The Psychology of Speculation in the Financial Markets

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ricciardi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Behavioral Finance ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Status Quo Bias ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Impact

This chapter discusses the role of speculation in the financial markets that influences individual and group behavior in the form of bubbles and crashes. The chapter highlights behavioral finance issues associated with bubbles, such as overconfidence, herding, group polarization, groupthink effect, representativeness bias, familiarity issues, grandiosity, excitement, and the overreaction and underreaction to prices. These issues are important for understanding past financial mistakes because history often repeat itself. The chapter also examines the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–2008 on investor psychology, including the impact of a severe financial downturn, anchoring effect, recency bias, worry, loss averse behavior, status quo bias, and trust. The aftermath of the financial crisis might have negative long-term effects on investor psychology in which some investors remain overly risk averse, resulting in under-investment in stocks and over-investment in cash and bonds.

scholarly journals Online-mobile service cross-channel cognitive evaluations in a multichannel context

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nel ◽  
C. Boshoff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Status Quo Bias ◽  
Mobile Service ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Online Service ◽  
Transfer Theory ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

Since the advent of mobile commerce, many firms have added a mobile (m-) service to their existing offline and online services. The adoption of an m-service in a multichannel context is not only influenced by factors directly associated with the m-service, but also by cross-channel cognitive evaluations emanating from other existing channels. These cross-channel evaluations can lead to evaluative synergies and dissynergies that can influence consumer decision-making. To explore empirically the impact of cross-channel synergies and dissynergies between the online service and the m-service offered by the same firm, against the background of expectation-transfer theory and status-quo-bias theory, data were collected from 666 online-service users. Consistent with expectation-transfer theory and status-quo-bias theory, the results of the study demonstrated that cross-channel evaluative synergies and dissynergies do indeed impact salient m-service beliefs. The results suggest that managers can leverage the cross-channel synergies emanating from online trust and ease-of-use beliefs to enhance the adoption of the m-service. The results also suggest that, to enhance wider adoption, the marketing managers of m-services need to mitigate the status-quo-bias effects emanating from online-service facilitating conditions, and lower online-service risk perceptions.

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