The Strategic Action Field of Sex Work and Sex Trafficking: A Case Study of a Contentious Field in Chicago

Author(s):  
Theresa Anasti
Author(s):  
Vanesa Saiz-Echezarreta ◽  
Belén Galletero-Campos

Public controversies are an analytical opportunity to study the emergence of issues, the creation and alliance of actors, as well as the articulation of public arenas (politics, society, activism, academia, etc.). This paper analyzes how two actors in Spanish academia emerged, and how they became an expression of the polarized conflict on prostitution, sex work, and sex trafficking. Through a case study, this work traces the emergence and consolidation in the public space of the #universidadsincensura initiative and the International Academic Network for the Study of Prostitution and Pornography (Red Académica Internacional de Estudios sobre Prostitución y Pornografía, Raiepp). Methodologically, the technique of controversy mapping is applied through an analysis of the first phase of the controversy on Twitter with the hashtags #universidadsincensura and #universidadsinprostitucion and the monitoring of the platform’s activities based on active participation in the #universidadsincensura initiative. The analysis shows that both actors emerge in line with the logics of the mediatized public space linked to a presence in media and networks. Endowed with different degrees of institutionalization, Raiepp and #universidadsincensura form the same public, that of those directly or indirectly affected by the public problem surrounding the status of prostitution, for which they seek a solution through a process of enquiry and experimentation that defines democratic participation. Resumen Las controversias públicas son una oportunidad analítica para estudiar la emergencia de asuntos, creación y alianza de actores, así como la articulación de arenas públicas (política, sociedad, activismo, academia, etc.). A través de un estudio de caso este artículo rastrea la aparición y consolidación en la Academia de dos actores que visibilizan el conflicto polarizado sobre prostitución, trabajo sexual y trata con fines de explotación sexual, y que se materializan en #universidadsincensura y la Red Académica Internacional de Estudios sobre Prostitución y Pornografía (Raiepp). Metodológicamente se aplica la técnica de mapeo de controversias, a través de un análisis de la primera fase de la polémica en Twitter –con los hashtags #universidadsincensura y #universidadsinprostitucion– y el seguimiento de las actividades de las plataformas, desde la participación activa en la iniciativa #universidadsincensura. El análisis muestra que ambos actores emergen en consonancia con las lógicas del espacio público mediatizado, vinculados a la presencia en medios y redes. Dotados de grados de institucionalización distintos, Raiepp y #universidadsincensura conforman un mismo público, el de los afectados directa o indirectamente por el problema público en torno al estatuto de la prostitución, al que buscan solución a través de un proceso de indagación y experimentación que define la participación democrática.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Elene Lam ◽  
Elena Shih ◽  
Katherine Chin ◽  
Kate Zen

Migrant Asian massage workers in North America first experienced the impacts of COVID-19 in the final weeks of January 2020, when business dropped drastically due to widespread xenophobic fears that the virus was concentrated in Chinese diasporic communities. The sustained economic devastation, which began at least 8 weeks prior to the first social distancing and shelter in place orders issued in the U.S. and Canada, has been further complicated by a history of aggressive policing of migrant massage workers in the wake of the war against human trafficking. Migrant Asian massage businesses are increasingly policed as locales of potential illicit sex work and human trafficking, as police and anti-trafficking initiatives target migrant Asian massage workers despite the fact that most do not provide sexual services. The scapegoating of migrant Asian massage workers and criminalization of sex work have led to devastating systemic and interpersonal violence, including numerous deportations, arrests, and deaths, most notably the recent murder of eight people at three Atlanta-based spas. The policing of sex workers has historically been mobilized along fears of sexually transmitted disease and infection, and more recently, within the past two decades, around a moral panic against sex trafficking. New racial anxieties around the coronavirus as an Asian disease have been mobilized by the state to further cement the justification of policing Asian migrant workers along the axes of health, migration, and sexual labor. These justifications also solidify discriminatory social welfare regimes that exclude Asian migrant massage workers from accessing services on the basis of the informality and illegality of their work mixed with their precarious citizenship status. This paper draws from ethnographic participant observation and survey data collected by two sex worker organizations that work primarily with massage workers in Toronto and New York City to examine the double-edged sword of policing during the pandemic in the name of anti-trafficking coupled with exclusionary policies regarding emergency relief and social welfare, and its effects on migrant Asian massage workers in North America. Although not all migrant Asian massage workers, including those surveyed in this paper, provide sexual services, they are conflated, targeted, and treated as such by the state and therefore face similar barriers of criminalization, discrimination, and exclusion. This paper recognizes that most migrant Asian massage workers do not identify as sex workers and does not intend to label them as such or reproduce the scapegoating rhetoric used by law enforcement. Rather, it seeks to analyze how exclusionary attitudes and policies towards sex workers are transferred onto migrant Asian massage workers as well whether or not they provide sexual services.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Winter ◽  
Morgaine Struve

This work is a case study analysis of the contemporary feminist academic pornography discourse. Based on two academic articles, two competing discourses are identified and examined using constructivist grounded theory and discourse analysis. This clash of discourses is traced back firstly to changing social norms on sexuality: Older generations, who still inhabit most positions of power within academia, are largely still representing restrictive attitudes on what constitutes “acceptable” sexualities. Secondly, research conventions within the humanities and social sciences have changed to defy easy explanations. Pornography researchers are therefore forced to choose between conforming to prevalent sexuality norms or research conventions.


2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1199-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura McMenzie ◽  
Ian R Cook ◽  
Mary Laing

Abstract Ideas, policies and models related to criminal justice often travel between places. How, then, should we make sense of this movement? We make the case for drawing on the policy mobilities literature, which originates in human geography. It is only recently that criminological studies have drawn on small parts of this literature. This article argues for a more expansive engagement with the policy mobilities literature, so that criminal justice researchers focus on concepts such as mobilities, mutation, assemblages, learning, educating and showcasing when studying the movement of criminal justice ideas, policies and models. To illustrate our argument, we will draw on a case study of the adaptation of the ‘Swedish model’ of governing sex work by policymakers in Northern Ireland.


2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crawford Spence ◽  
Chris Carter ◽  
Javier Husillos ◽  
Pablo Archel

Recent literature suggests that elites are increasingly fragmented and divided. Yet there is very little empirical research that maps the distinctions between different elite groups. This article explores the cultural divisions that pertain to elite factions in two distinct but proximate Strategic Action Fields. A key insight from the article is that the public sector faction studied exhibits a much broader, more aesthetic set of cultural dispositions than their private sector counterparts. This permits a number of inter-related contributions to be made to literature on both elites and field theory. First, the findings suggest that cultural capital acts as a salient source of distinction between elite factions in different Strategic Action Fields. Second, it is demonstrated how cultural capital is socially functional as certain cultural dispositions are strongly homologous with specific professional roles. Third, the article demonstrates the implications for the structure of the State when two culturally distinct elites are brought together in a new Strategic Action Field.


2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Ninan ◽  
Ashwin Mahalingam ◽  
Stewart Clegg

Megaprojects involve managing external stakeholders with diverse interests. Using an Indian megaproject case study, we discuss how the project managed external stakeholders through strategies such as: persuasion, deputation, give and take, extra work for stakeholders, and flexibility. Drawing from theories and frameworks of power, we explain how these strategies emerge through a process of tactical clustering. We also analyze the resources available to the project team—such as recruitment discretion, government backing, and fund discretion—that influence these power dynamics and enable these strategies. We posit that changes in the resource base can significantly affect strategic action and, in turn, megaproject outcomes.


2020 ◽  
pp. 409-426
Author(s):  
Kamala Kempadoo ◽  
Elya M. Durisin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  

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