Comparison of single extraction procedures and the application of an index for the assessment of heavy metal bioavailability in river sediments

In this manuscript, samples of Kupa River sediments were examined using three different extraction agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of single extraction procedures to investigate the bioavailability and mobility of major and trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Si, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn) from river sediment. Two forms of studied elements were evaluated: mobile, the most toxic element form (extraction with 1 M CH3COONH4 and 0.01 M CaCl2) and potentially mobilized form (2 M HNO3 extraction). The estimation of the ecological risk, with the application of the probability distribution of RI (potential ecological risk index) values, is yielded with the help of the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Ammonium acetate is proved to be a better extraction agent than calcium chloride. A positive correlation between the content of all extracted elements with nitric acid and the total element content indicates that 2 M HNO3 efficiently extracts all studied elements. Results showed anthropogenic sources of cadmium and copper and high barium mobility. The MCS suggests that risk of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn was low; As and Cd posed a lower and median ecological risk in the studied areas.

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Divergent response of heavy metal bioavailability in soil rhizosphere to agricultural land use change from paddy field to various drylands

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts ◽

10.1039/d0em00501k ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yujuan Gao ◽

Jianli Jia ◽

Beidou Xi ◽

Dongyu Cui ◽

Wenbing Tan

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Agricultural Land Use ◽

Metal Bioavailability ◽

Soil Rhizosphere ◽

Divergent Response

The heavy metal pollution induced by agricultural land use change has attracted great attention. In this study, the divergent response of bioavailability of heavy metals in rhizosphere soil to different...

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Ecological and probabilistic human health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in river sediments affected by mining activities in Ecuador

Environmental Geochemistry and Health ◽

10.1007/s10653-021-00935-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samantha Jiménez-Oyola ◽

María-Jesús García-Martínez ◽

Marcelo F. Ortega ◽

Eduardo Chavez ◽

Paola Romero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Health Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

River Sediments ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Human Health Risk Assessment ◽

Mining Activities

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Geochemistry and mineralogy of recent sediments of Guanabara Bay (NE sector) and its major rivers - Rio de Janeiro State - Brazil

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/s0001-37652001000100010 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 121-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

MARCIA DE MELO FARIA ◽

BRAZ A. SANCHEZ

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Grain Size ◽

Clay Minerals ◽

Bottom Sediments ◽

River Sediments ◽

Size Fraction ◽

River Mouth ◽

Guanabara Bay ◽

Metal Contents ◽

Recent Sediments

Geochemical and clay mineralogical studies of bottom sediments collected along the Macacu and Caceribu rivers and Guanabara Bay were carried out in order to investigate the relationship between major source areas and recent sediments of the bay. Clay mineralogy includes different groups with selective distribution conditioned by geomorphic features and depositional settings. Micaceous clay minerals are abundant near parent rock in the upper course, whereas kaolinite derived from varied sources is gradually concentrated towards the estuary. In the Guanabara Bay, kaolinite accumulates near river mouths, while micaceous clay minerals are converted into mixed layers in the estuary. Analyses of heavy metal contents reveal higher levels of Zn and Cu in sediments of the bay than in river sediments. Profiles along rivers indicate a downstream decrease of heavy metals, whereas in the bay geochemical trends display greater variations. In general river mouth sediments present the lowest concentrations. At the north and east of Paquetá Island anomalous areas with the highest heavy metal contents occur. Cu tends to concentrate in < 2mum grain-size fraction and indicates an association with micaceous clay minerals in the upper river course. However, Cu retention seems to be further controlled by other components of bottom sediments due to changes in physical and chemical conditions of the estuarine environment. Zn shows unstable behavior along the rivers and concentrates in the bay. Pb displays small variations from river to bay sediments, and accumulates mainly in the < 63mum grain-size fraction without any association with clay mineral. Geoaccumulation indexes of Cu, Pb and Zn classify the study area as unpolluted in both studied rivers and in the NE sector of the bay, though the enrichment factors are higher in the bay. The study does not indicate those rivers as major sources of heavy metal pollution to the bay.

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