The treatment characteristics of concentrated p-phenol sulfonic acid (PSA) wastewater in a submerged bioreactor and a solid phase bioreactor packed with ACP particles (polyvinyl alcohol particles coated with powered activated carbon) were compared experimentally. The changes in biomass and microbial community with the degradation of PSA at both bioreactors were also evaluated using microbial quinones as an index. Greater than 95% of influent PSA was mineralized at the solid phase bioreactor under the volumetric loading of PSA ranging from 0.3 to 1.8 kg-C·m-3·d-1 at the steady state, but less than 10% of the influent PSA was mineralized in the submerged bioreactor. The solid phase aerobic biological treatment process was more effective for the treatment of concentrated refractory chemicals such as PSA than the submerged bioreactor. The dominant quinone species in the solid phase bioreactor were ubiquinone-10 and menaquinone-8(H4), while those in the submerged bioreactor were ubiquinone-8 and menaquinone-8. This suggests hat different microbes had contributed to the degradation in the two bioreactors.
A wastewater reclamation system using a rotating membrane UF module has been studied by adding a powdered activated carbon to a biological treatment process to remove the organic colored matter. In this system, a powdered activated carbon dosage of 50 mg/l, and retention time of 4.5 hours have been required to stably obtain a treated water with a color of less than 5 degrees. It was found that the activated sludge dewaterability could be improved by adding the powdered activated carbon and the rotating membrane UF module could operate at a set flux of 1.0 m3/m2·d for about one and half years.
The essence of the two phase anaerobic biological treatment process is to place acid bacteria and methane-producing bacteria in two reactors respectively, where it can provide the optimal conditions for their growth and metabolism, allowing them to live up to their maximal activity, which greatly improve processing capacity and efficiency compared to a single-phase anaerobic digestion. The paper start with the two phase anaerobic digestion process, in order to discuss the development direction of high efficient anaerobic digestion system.
A biological treatment process has been suggested as the main treatment stage for a high (organic) strength industrial wastewater stream, discharged by several chemical industries within a large industrial park. Treatability studies have indicated that the wastes contain a fraction of toxic and non-biodegradable organic matter, which limits the implementation of a conventional biological treatment process for the combined wastewater stream. Therefore, an in-plant control program including waste segregation and process-specific pretreatments is proposed. A protocol that enables selection of waste streams amenable to biological treatment and identification of problematic streams requiring pretreatment is presented and demonstrated. It includes simplified laboratory procedures used for chemical and toxicological characterization of source streams originating in various processes. The results can be used for the development of a pretreatment program for problematic waste streams, based upon local small-scale solutions.
Inhibiting effect of textile wastewater on the activity of sludge from the biological treatment process of the activated sludge plant