Compact maize canopy improves radiation use efficiency and grain yield of maize/soybean relay intercropping system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali Raza ◽  
Liang Cui ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Atta Mohi Ud Din ◽  
Guopeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Relay Intercropping ◽  
Radiation Use

SEED-ORIENTED PLANTING IMPROVES LIGHT INTERCEPTION, RADIATION USE EFFICIENCY AND GRAIN YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILHERME M. TORRES ◽  
ADRIAN KOLLER ◽  
RANDY TAYLOR ◽  
WILLIAM R. RAUN
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Seed Placement ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Radiation Use

SUMMARYSeed-oriented planting provides a manner to influence canopy structure. The purpose of this research was to improve maize light interception using seed-oriented planting to manipulate leaf azimuth across the row thereby minimizing leaf overlap. To achieve leaf azimuths oriented preferentially across the row, seeds were planted: (i) upright with caryopsis pointed down, parallel to the row (upright); and (ii) laying flat, embryo up, perpendicular to the row (flat). These treatments were compared to conventionally planted seeds with resulting random leaf azimuth distribution. Seed orientation effects were contrasted with three levels of plant population and two levels of hybrid specific canopy structures. Increased plant population resulted in greater light interception but yield tended to decrease as plant population increased. The planophile hybrid produced consistently greater yields than the erectophile hybrid. The difference between planophile and erectophile hybrids ranged from 283 to 903 kg ha−1. Overall, mean grain yield for upright and flat seed placement increased by 351 and 463 kg ha−1 compared to random seed placement. Greater cumulative intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (CIPAR) was found for oriented seeds rather than random-oriented seeds. At physiological maturity upright, flat and random-oriented seeds intercepted 555, 525 and 521 MJ m−2 of PAR, respectively. Maize yield responded positively to improved light interception and better radiation use efficiency. Under irrigated conditions, precision planting of maize increased yield by 9 to 14% compared to random-oriented seeds.

scholarly journals Higher Radiation Use Efficiency Produces Greater Biomass Before Heading and Grain Yield in Super Hybrid Rice

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Yonghui Pan ◽  
Shuai Gao ◽  
Kailiu Xie ◽  
Zhifeng Lu ◽  
Xusheng Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Radiation Interception ◽  
Super Hybrid Rice ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Radiation Use

To reveal the physiological mechanism underlying the yield advantage of super hybrid rice compared with inbred super rice, a super hybrid rice cultivar Yliangyou 3218 (YLY) and an inbred super rice cultivar Zhendao 11 (ZD) were field grown under five nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates in 2016 and 2017. The average grain yield of YLY across nitrogen fertilizer rates was 10.1 t ha−1 in 2016 and 9.7 t ha−1 in 2017, 29.6% and 21.3% higher than that of ZD in 2016 and 2017, respectively. YLY showed higher above-ground biomass accumulation, especially growth before heading, which was mainly due to its faster green leaf area index (GLAI) formation and greater maximum GLAI (GLAImax). The daily radiation interception (RIdaily) was 15.0% higher in YLY than ZD, but the accumulated radiation interception (RIacc) before heading showed little difference between them because ZD had a longer growth duration. The radiation use efficiency (RUE) of YLY before heading was 54.7% higher than that of ZD (YLY, 2.12 g MJ−1; ZD, 1.37 g MJ−1). Our result demonstrated that the yield advantage of YLY was due to its higher above-ground biomass before heading, which was mainly achieved by its improvement in RUE rather than radiation interception.

scholarly journals SEED-ORIENTED PLANTING IMRPROVES LIGHT INTERCEPTION, RADIATION USE EFFICIENCY AND GRAIN YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) – CORRIGENDUM

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-226
Author(s):  
GUILHERME M. TORRES ◽  
ADRIAN KOLLER ◽  
RANDY TAYLOR ◽  
WILLIAM R. RAUN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

This article was published with an incorrect Title. The correct title should read:‘SEED-ORIENTED PLANTING IMPROVES LIGHT INTERCEPTION, RADIATION USE EFFICIENCY AND GRAIN YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)’The original article has been rectified with the correct title and a footnote detailing the error has been inserted in the online PDF and HTML copies.

scholarly journals Biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Li ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
B. Dong ◽  
Q. Bai
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

To better understand the potential for improving biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes, in 2006–2007 and 2007–2008, an experiment was conducted at the Luancheng Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Science to study the effects of deficit irrigation regimes on the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), biomass accumulation, grain yield, and RUE of winter wheat. In this experiment, field experiment involving winter wheat with 1, 2 and 3 irrigation applications at sowing, jointing, or heading stages was conducted, and total irrigation water was all controlled at 120 mm. The results indicate that irrigation 2 or 3 times could help to increase the PAR capture ratio in the later growing season of winter wheat; this result was mainly due to the changes in the vertical distributions of leaf area index (LAI) and a significant increase of the LAI at 0–20 cm above the ground surface (LSD, <i>P</i> < 0.05). Compared with irrigation only once during the growing season of winter wheat, irrigation 2 times significantly (LSD, <i>P</i> < 0.05) increased aboveground dry matter at maturity; irrigation at sowing and heading or jointing and heading stages significantly (LSD, <i>P</i> < 0.05) improved the grain yield, and irrigation at jointing and heading stages provided the highest RUE (0.56 g/mol). Combining the grain yield and RUE, it can be concluded that irrigation at jointing and heading stages has higher grain yield and RUE, which will offer a sound measurement for developing deficit irrigation regimes in North China.

Radiation use efficiency, biomass production and grain yield of heat tolerant summer maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in subtropical environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
K Subrahmanyam ◽  
MR Umesh ◽  
N Ananda ◽  
Prakash H Kuchanur ◽  
MY Ajayakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Radiation Use

Radiation use efficiency (RUE), heat use efficiency (HUE), biomass production and grain yield of contrasting heat tolerant summer maize hybrids and irrigation regimes during hot summer in subtropics of India were assessed. Experiment was conducted with RCRMH-1, RCRMH-2 and Arjun hybrids under well-watered based on 1.0 IW/CPE (I1), mild stress at 0.75 IW/CPE (I2) and severe stress at 0.5 IW/CPE (I3). Results indicated that RCRMH-2 outyielded 13.3 and 26.4% over RCRMH1 and Arjun, respectively. In well-watered (I1) plots all the hybrids performed better than other irrigation regimes I2 and I3. Among hybrids RCRMH-2 showed lower grain yield reduction under water stress condition. While RUE of RCRMH-2 under I1, I2 and I3 were 1.93, 1.72 and 1.53 g/MJ, respectively. It also showed higher biomass production, LAI and HUE over rest of the hybrids. Radiation, water and heat use efficiencies, yield attributes and yield were higher in January sown plants.

Growth and yield response of chickpea to Rhizobium inoculation: productivity in relation to interception of radiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. O. Ogola
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use ◽  
Crop Biomass

Crop productivity may be increased by manipulating management practices that enhance resource capture and utilisation during yield formation. This study aimed at assessing the effect of Rhizobium inoculation on growth, yield and radiation use of two chickpea cultivars at Thohoyandou, South Africa in winter 2011 and 2012. Nodulation was determined at flowering, crop biomass and grain yield were determined at harvest maturity, intercepted total radiation was determined by measuring photosynthetically active radiation above and below the crop canopy at 7-days intervals using an AccuPAR ceptometer, and radiation use efficiency was calculated as ratio of yield to intercepted total radiation. Number and weight of nodules per plant were greater with inoculation compared with the control. There were no significant differences in crop biomass, grain yield, harvest index, intercepted total radiation and radiation use efficiency between Rhizobium inoculation and the non-inoculated control. The low yield and non-significant effect of Rhizobium inoculation suggest that (i) the productivity of chickpea was probably constrained by factors other than nitrogen deficiency; or (ii) there was no difference in nitrogen fixation between the inoculated and non-inoculated treatments. However, further field trials should be conducted, over several seasons, before any definite conclusions can be drawn.

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