scholarly journals Seasonal variation and sources of carbonaceous species and elements in PM2.5 and PM10 over the eastern Himalaya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar Sharma ◽  
Sauryadeep Mukherjee ◽  
Nikki Choudhary ◽  
Akansha Rai ◽  
Abhinandan Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Carbonaceous Species ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

Seasonal Variation of Carbonaceous Species of PM10 Over Urban Sites of National Capital Region of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubiya Banoo ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Sharma ◽  
Ranu Gadi ◽  
Sarika Gupta ◽  
Tuhin Kumar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
Carbonaceous Species ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Urban Sites

scholarly journals Movement and dispersal of a habitat specialist in human-dominated landscapes: a case study of the red panda

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damber Bista ◽  
Greg S. Baxter ◽  
Nicholas J. Hudson ◽  
Sonam Tashi Lama ◽  
Janno Weerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Habitat Specialist ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Habitat Patches ◽  
Daily Distance

Abstract Background Habitat specialists living in human-dominated landscapes are likely to be affected by habitat fragmentation and human disturbances more than generalists. But there is a paucity of information on their response to such factors. We examined the effect of these factors on movement patterns of red pandas Ailurus fulgens, a habitat and diet specialist that inhabits the eastern Himalaya. Methods We equipped 10 red pandas (six females, four males) with GPS collars and monitored them from September 2019 to March 2020 in Ilam, eastern Nepal. We collected habitat and disturbance data over four seasons. We considered geophysical covariates, anthropogenic factors and habitat fragmentation metrics, and employed linear -mixed models and logistic regression to evaluate the effect of those variables on movement patterns. Results The median daily distance travelled by red pandas was 756 m. Males travelled nearly 1.5 times further than females (605 m). Males and sub-adults travelled more in the mating season while females showed no seasonal variation for their daily distance coverage. Red pandas were relatively more active during dawn and morning than the rest of the day, and they exhibited seasonal variation in distance coverage on the diel cycle. Both males and females appeared to be more active in the cub-rearing season, yet males were more active in the dawn in the birthing season. Two sub-adult females dispersed an average of 21 km starting their dispersal with the onset of the new moon following the winter solstice. The single subadult male did not disperse. Red pandas avoided roads, small-habitat patches and large unsuitable areas between habitat patches. Where connected habitat with high forest cover was scarce the animals moved more directly than when habitat was abundant. Conclusions Our study indicates that this habitat specialist is vulnerable to human disturbances and habitat fragmentation. Habitat restoration through improving functional connectivity may be necessary to secure the long-term conservation of specialist species in a human-dominated landscape. Regulation of human activities should go in parallel to minimize disturbances during biologically crucial life phases. We recommend habitat zonation to limit human activities and avoid disturbances, especially livestock herding and road construction in core areas.

scholarly journals Latest seasonal trend of aerosol, particulate matter and ozone in Delhi

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
D. K. CHAKRABARTY ◽  
S. K. PESHIN
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10 ◽  
Indo Gangetic Plain ◽  
Surface O3

In this work, latest seasonal variation of aerosol, particulate matter and ozone in Delhi has been studied. Observations show that during winter, concentration of surface O3 is low and that of PM2.5 and PM10 is high. Aerosol size and aerosol content increases during winter. Decrease in surface ozone is explainable by gas phase and heterogeneous chemistry.  An interesting feature is, along with surface ozone, total ozone also shows a low value during winter. This is a characteristic of ozone in Indo-Gangetic plain. Indo-Gangetic plain is covered by mild to heavy fog during most of the days in winter. It is possible that increase in size and content of aerosol and PM particles coupled with low temperature, low solar flux and high humidity is the cause of fog formation during winter in Indo-Gangetic plain.

scholarly journals Analysis of Particle Pollution in Residential Urban Area of Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Christopher U. Onuorah ◽  
T. G. Leton ◽  
O. L. Y. Momoh
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Pm10 Concentration ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Particle Pollution ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

Particle pollution poses serious public health concern because of its potential to find its route into human lungs thereby causing respiratory diseases and cancer. This paper analyses various aspect of particulate matter including seasonal variation, Particulate matter based AQI, particulate matter exceedances and empirical modelling for seasonal prediction of PM2.5 and PM10 concentration. The study was carried out in Woji, a residential urban area of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, between May and December 2018. The Particulate matter concentrations were monitored with particulate monitor while meteorological variables were also monitored with Misol weather station. The 24-hour average PM10 concentration for dry and wet seasons were 139.6 μg/m³ and 97 μg/m³ respectively. These concentrations are below USEPA 24-hr standard (PM10 = 150 μg/m³) while the 24-hour average PM2.5 concentrations of 46.1μg/m³ for dry season exceeded daily limit (PM2.5 = 35 μg/m³) but was below the limit in wet season with concentration of 29.1 μg/m³. The study area experienced daily PM2.5 and PM10 exceedances of 33.3% and 19.7% respectively for the study period. Also, the PM based AQI were unhealthy to all residents for 13%, unhealthy to the sensitive group for 20%, moderate for 62% and good for 5% of the monitoring period. PM2.5 and PM10 pollution prediction model were developed for dry and wet season with a high correlation coefficient of 0.98 and 0.97 respectively at (P < 0.001).The seasonal variation of PM concentration revealed that PM10 and PM2.5 concentration varied from season to season, with significantly higher concentration in dry season than in wet season. The air quality of Woji Port Harcourt was better in wet season than in dry season due to the scavenging mechanism of rainfall. Also, PM exceedances were higher in dry season than wet season due to high atmospheric stability associated with low wind speed in dry season.

Seasonal Variation of OC, EC, and WSOC of PM10 and Their CWT Analysis Over the Eastern Himalaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akansha Rai ◽  
Sauryadeep Mukherjee ◽  
Abhijit Chatterjee ◽  
Nikki Choudhary ◽  
Garima Kotnala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Eastern Himalaya

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation and Sources of Carbonaceous Species and Elements in PM2.5 and PM10 Over the Eastern Himalaya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar Sharma ◽  
Sauryadeep Mukherjee ◽  
Nikki Choudhary ◽  
Akansha Rai ◽  
Abhinandan Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Carbonaceous Species ◽  
Seasonal Characteristics

Abstract The study represents the seasonal characteristics (carbonaceous aerosols and elements) and contribution of prominent sources PM2.5 and PM10 in the high altitude of the eastern Himalaya (Darjeeling) during August 2018-July 2019. Carbonaceous aerosols [organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and water soluble organic carbon (WSOC)] and elements (Al, Fe, Ti, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo, Cl, P, S, K, Zr, Pb, Na, Mg, Ca, and B) in PM2.5 and PM10 were analyzed to estimate their possible sources. The annual average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 were computed as 37±12 µg m-3 and 58±18 µg m-3, respectively. In the present case, total carbonaceous species in PM2.5 and PM10 were accounted for 20.6% of PM2.5 and 18.6% of PM10, respectively. Whereas, trace elements in PM2.5 and PM10 were estimated as 15% of PM2.5 and 12% of PM10, respectively. Monthly are seasonal variations in concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols and elements in PM2.5 and PM10 were also observed during the observational period. The positive relationship between OC & EC and OC & WSOC of PM2.5 and PM10 during all the seasons (except monsoon in case of PM10) indicate rheir common sources. The enrichment factors (EFs) and significant positive correlation of Al with othe crustal elements (Fe, Ca, Mg and Ti) of fine and coarse mode aerosols indicates the influence of mineral dust at the Darjeeling. Principal component analysis (PCA) resolved the four common sources (biomass burning + fossil fuel combustion (BB+FFC), crustal/soil dust, vehicular emissions (VE) and industrial emissions (IE)) of PM2.5 and PM10 in Darjeeling.

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