scholarly journals The association of prenatal exposure to benzophenones with gestational age and offspring size at birth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakimeh Teiri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Samaei ◽  
Mansooreh Dehghani ◽  
Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor ◽  
Yaghoub Hajizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Offspring Size ◽  
Size At Birth

scholarly journals Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Is a Stronger Predictor of Dysmetabolic Traits in Children Than Size at Birth

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1766-1776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freja Bach Kampmann ◽  
Anne Cathrine Baun Thuesen ◽  
Line Hjort ◽  
Sjurdur Frodi Olsen ◽  
Sara Monteiro Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Size At Birth ◽  
Cardiometabolic Traits

Abstract Context and Objective Being born small or large for gestational age and intrauterine exposure to gestational diabetes (GDM) increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in the offspring. However, the potential combined deleterious effects of size at birth and GDM exposure remains unknown. We examined the independent effect of size at birth and the influence of GDM exposure in utero on cardiometabolic traits, body composition, and puberty status in children. Design, Participants, and Methods The present study was a longitudinal birth cohort study. We used clinical data from 490 offspring of mothers with GDM and 527 control offspring aged 9 to 16 years, born singleton at term from the Danish National Birth Cohort with available birthweight data. Results We found no evidence of a U-shaped association between size at birth (expressed as birthweight, sex, and gestational age adjusted z-score) and cardiometabolic traits. Body size in childhood and adolescence reflected the size at birth but was not reflected in any metabolic outcome. No synergistic adverse effect of being born small or large for gestational age and exposure to GDM was shown. However, GDM was associated with an adverse metabolic profile and earlier onset of female puberty in childhood and adolescence independently of size at birth. Conclusion In childhood and adolescence, we found GDM was a stronger predictor of dysmetabolic traits than size at birth. The combination of being born small or large and exposed to GDM does not exacerbate the metabolic profile in the offspring.

scholarly journals Impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoo Jinie Kim ◽  
Seung Han Shin ◽  
Eun Sun Lee ◽  
Young Hwa Jung ◽  
Young Ah Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
School Age ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Neurocognitive Outcomes ◽  
Size At Birth

AbstractPrematurity, size at birth, and postnatal growth are important factors that determine cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes later in life. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the associations between the size at birth and growth velocity after birth with cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. Fifty-six preterm infants born at < 32 weeks of gestation or having a birth weight of < 1500 g were enrolled and categorized into small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) groups. Anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters were assessed at school-age, and the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, fourth edition (K-WISC-IV) was used for assessing the intellectual abilities. The growth velocity was calculated by changes in the weight z-score at each time period. Multivariate analysis was conducted to investigate the associations of growth velocity at different periods with cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Forty-two (75%) were classified as AGA and 25% as SGA. At school-age, despite the SGA children showing significantly lower body weight, lean mass index, and body mass index, there were no differences in the cardiometabolic parameters between SGA and AGA groups. After adjusting for gestational age, birth weight z-score, weight z-score change from birth to discharge and sex, change in weight z-score beyond 12 months were associated with a higher systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and insulin resistance. Full-scale intelligent quotient (β = 0.314, p = 0.036) and perceptional reasoning index (β = 0.456, p = 0.003) of K-WISC-IV were positively correlated with postnatal weight gain in the neonatal intensive care unit. Although cardiometabolic outcomes were comparable in preterm SGA and AGA infants, the growth velocity at different time periods resulted in different cardiometabolic and neurocognitive outcomes. Thus, ensuring an optimal growth velocity at early neonatal period could promote good neurocognitive outcomes, while adequate growth after 1 year could prevent adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in preterm infants.

scholarly journals The influence of maternal pregnancy glucose concentrations on associations between a fetal imprinted gene allele score and offspring size at birth

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive J. Petry ◽  
Ken K. Ong ◽  
Ieuan A. Hughes ◽  
Carlo L. Acerini ◽  
David B. Dunger
Keyword(s):  
Offspring Size ◽  
Imprinted Gene ◽  
Size At Birth

Variation in size at birth in infants born small for gestational age in Lithuania

2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Verkauskiené ◽  
K Albertsson Wikland ◽  
A Niklasson
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Size At Birth

scholarly journals Pregnancy Serum DLK1 Concentrations are associated with Indices of Insulin Resistance and Secretion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive J Petry ◽  
Keith A Burling ◽  
Peter Barker ◽  
Ieuan A Hughes ◽  
Ken K Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Offspring Size ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulinogenic Index ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Size At Birth

Abstract Context DLK1 (delta like non-canonical notch ligand 1) is a paternally-expressed imprinted gene that encodes an epidermal growth factor repeat-containing transmembrane protein. A bioactive, truncated DLK1 protein is present in the circulation, and has roles in development and metabolism. Objective We sought to investigate links between maternal pregnancy circulating DLK1 concentrations and: (1) maternal and fetal DLK1 genotypes, (2) maternal insulin resistance and secretion and (3) offspring size at birth. Patients, design and setting We measured third trimester maternal serum DLK1 concentrations and examined their associations with parentally-transmitted fetal and maternal DLK1 genotypes, indices of maternal insulin resistance and secretion derived from 75g oral glucose tolerance tests performed around week 28 of pregnancy, and offspring size at birth in 613 pregnancies from the Cambridge Baby Growth Study. Results Maternal DLK1 concentrations were associated with the paternally-transmitted fetal DLK1 rs12147008 allele (p=7.8x10 -3) but not with maternal rs12147008 genotype (p=0.4). Maternal DLK1 concentrations were positively associated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (p=3.5x10 6), and (after adjustment for maternal BMI) with both maternal fasting insulin resistance (HOMA IR: p=0.01) and measures of maternal insulin secretion in response to oral glucose (insulinogenic index: p=1.2x10 -3; insulin disposition index: p=0.049). Further positive associations were found with offspring weight (p=0.02) and head circumference at birth (p=0.04). Conclusion These results are consistent with a partial paternal or placental origin for the maternal circulating DLK1 which may lead to increased maternal circulating DLK1 concentrations, stimulation of maternal insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia during pregnancy, and the promotion of fetal growth.

scholarly journals Maternal predator‐exposure affects offspring size at birth but not telomere length in a live‐bearing fish

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2030-2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Monteforte ◽  
Silvia Cattelan ◽  
Chiara Morosinotto ◽  
Andrea Pilastro ◽  
Alessandro Grapputo
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Offspring Size ◽  
Size At Birth

scholarly journals Associations of Size at Birth and Postnatal Catch-up Growth Status With Clinical and Biomedical Characteristics in Prepubertal Girls With Precocious Adrenarche: Preliminary Results

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 2878-2886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Uçar ◽  
Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan ◽  
Oğuz Bülent Erol ◽  
Ensar Yekeler ◽  
Nurçin Saka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Precocious Adrenarche ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Prepubertal Girls ◽  
Size At Birth

Context: The causes of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in girls with precocious adrenarche (PA) remain unclear. Objective: Our goal was to compare the clinical, biochemical, and ultrasound characteristics of girls with PA whose size at birth was appropriate for gestational age (AGA) vs those born small for gestational age (SGA). PCOS-associated metabolic and morphological correlates were examined. Design: Glucose tolerance, ACTH stimulation, and transabdominal ultrasounds were examined in 56 AGA and 31 SGA girls with PA. Bone age and hormonal profiles were determined. SGA girls were divided into 2 groups by catch-up growth (CUG) status. Subgroups were compared. Results: Chronological age, Tanner stage for pubarche, ovarian volume, and uterine volume were similar between the groups. SGA girls had lower body mass index and higher bone age-adjusted post-corticotropin cortisol. We found increased body mass index-adjusted mean serum insulin, reduced insulin sensitivity, and reduced IGF-binding protein-1 in SGA girls. Multicystic ovaries were more common in SGA girls (odds ratio [OR] = 9.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.34–28.15; P &lt; .001). SGA girls without CUG had a higher incidence of multicystic ovaries than CUG counterparts (OR = 8.4, 95% CI = 1.4–19.3; P = .027). Being born SGA (OR = 43.4, 95% CI = 6.9–84.7; P = .001] and exaggerated 17-hydroxyprogesterone response (OR = 15.8, 95% CI = 1.7–49.8; P = .015) were associated with multicystic ovaries. Conclusions: Significant differences in hormone levels, insulin sensitivity, and ovarian maturity were found in prepubertal girls with PA who were SGA. Longitudinal follow-up will help determine whether these factors contribute to a specific PCOS phenotype in SGA girls with PA.

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