scholarly journals Associations between sociodemographic factors, health spending, disease burden, and life expectancy of older adults (70 + years old) in 22 countries in the Western Pacific Region, 1995–2019: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019

GeroScience ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Molassiotis ◽  
Stephen W. H. Kwok ◽  
Angela Y. M. Leung ◽  
Stefanos Tyrovolas
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Western Pacific Region ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
The Western Pacific

Abstract The needs of the aging populations are putting increasing burden on healthcare particularly in the Western Pacific Region (WPR), which is the home of aging economies such as Hong Kong and Japan alongside rapid increases in older people in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, little is known about the associations between sociodemographic factors, disease burden, and life expectancy in WPR. The current study conducted secondary analysis on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates of populations aged 70 years and older in WPR countries between 1995 and 2019. Correlation tests, linear mixed regressions and generalized additive mixture models were run to examine the associations of interest. Unsupervised machine learning was conducted to segment the data automatically, at cluster analysis. The sociodemographic development index was found an important factor to the disease burden in terms of Years Lived with Disability (YLD) rate and mortality rate among older adults. YLD rate and mortality rate of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) attributable to different risk groups were significant contributors to higher expectation of Lost Healthy Years (LHE) and shorter life expectancy respectively in the context of rising YLD rate, particularly in LMICs. Three clusters of countries with similar characteristics were identified. NCDs were the most significant contributors to shorter life expectancy within which the time living in poor health did not improve. Better management of NCDs in aging populations should be emphasized in all countries. The country clusters may help in a more regional strategic planning.

scholarly journals Magnitude, Temporal Trends, and Inequalities in the DALYs and YLDs of Nutritional Deficiency among Older Adults in the Western Pacific Region: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2019

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4421
Author(s):  
Doris Y. P. Leung ◽  
Hui-Lin Cheng ◽  
Stefanos Tyrovolas ◽  
Angel S. K. Tang ◽  
Justina Y. W. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Nutritional Deficiency ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Western Pacific Region ◽  
The Western Pacific

The population in the Western Pacific region is aging rapidly. Nutritional deficiency is prevalent in older adults; however, information regarding nutritional deficiency in this population is scarce. Using the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) results, the age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of healthy life lost due to disability (YLDs) from nutritional deficiency were estimated between 1990 and 2019 for this population. Average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to assess temporal trends, and linear mixed-effects models were used to examine socioeconomic and sex inequalities. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized DALYs of nutritional deficiency in this population decreased from 697.95 to 290.95 per 100,000, and their age-standardized YLDs decreased from 459.03 to 195.65 per 100,000, with the greatest declines seen in South Korea (AAPCs < −5.0). Tonga had the least decline in DALYs (AAPC = −0.8), whereas Fiji experienced an increase in YLDs (AAPC = 0.1). Being female and having a lower sociodemographic index score was significantly associated with higher age-standardized DALYs and YLDs. The magnitude and temporal trends of the nutritional deficiency burden among older adults varied across countries and sex in the region, indicating that health policies on nutritional deficiency among older adults must be crafted to local conditions.

scholarly journals Together to make a difference in mental health in the Western Pacific Region

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Xiangdong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Western Pacific Region ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Western Pacific

Mental disorders are among the leading causes of disease burden in the Western Pacific Region of the World Health Organization (WHO). Networking and partnership have been identified as the major components of key strategies to address challenges in meeting mental health needs in the region. This article provides a brief review of relevant initiatives collaboratively developed by the WHO, member states in the region and other partners.

HTLV‐I infection in selected populations in Australia and the western Pacific region

1992 ◽  
Vol 156 (12) ◽  
pp. 878-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suellen R Nicholson ◽  
Theordora Efandis ◽  
Mary Dimitrakakis ◽  
Anna Karopoulos ◽  
Helen Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Western Pacific Region ◽  
The Western Pacific

scholarly journals Assessing the links between human rights and global tobacco control through statements made on global fora

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neiloy R. Sircar ◽  
Stella A. Bialous
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Global Health Governance ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Western Pacific Region ◽  
Health Governance ◽  
Pacific Island Countries ◽  
The Western Pacific

Abstract Background Increasingly, international health bodies frame public health measures, including tobacco control, in the context of human rights (HR). It is unclear how prevalent is the connection between human rights and tobacco control within global health governance. This paper describes the inclusion of HR in tobacco control governance, and the inclusion of tobacco control in HR treaty oversight. We depict the current reach of HR’s normative influence in framing the tobacco epidemic in global, regional, and country-specific contexts. Methods We reviewed documents (agenda, reports) from 2010 to 2019 from the World Health Assembly (WHA); the WHO Western Pacific Regional Committee Meetings (RCM); the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) Conferences of the Parties (COP); and documents provided by Pacific Island Countries party to, or by committees overseeing, HR treaties. We purposively selected the Western Pacific Region, and Pacific Island Countries specifically, to represent countries of varying populations, capacities, and governance. Results Tobacco control and HR are infrequently mentioned together in the WHAs, and primarily in only one COP. Tobacco control is mentioned in 47 HR treaty committee documents for Pacific Island Countries, mostly under the Convention of the Rights of the Child recognizing or calling for ratification of the WHO FCTC. HR and tobacco control are connected in WHO Western Pacific RCM, particularly through their two most-recent action plans adopted by respective RCMs. Discussion Tobacco control as a HR concern is gaining traction within HR treaty bodies, at least with respect to children’s health in the Western Pacific Region. Conclusion Globally, HR is just emerging as an influence in global health governance for tobacco discussions. Within the Western Pacific Region however tobacco control is seen by some authorities as a HR issue. Similarly, to HR experts, tobacco control is becoming important to how Pacific Island Countries fulfill their treaty obligations, suggesting tobacco control advocates might explore these mechanisms to further influence the development of strong tobacco control measures to implement the WHO FCTC.

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