Order decision making based on different statement strategies under stochastic market demand

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Wang ◽  
Liwen Wang ◽  
Fei Ye ◽  
Xuejun Xu ◽  
Jianjun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Stochastic Market

Integrated Decision Making in Electric Vehicle and Charging Station Location Network Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Namwoo Kang ◽  
Fred M. Feinberg ◽  
Panos Y. Papalambros
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Multidisciplinary Optimization ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Sequential Decision ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Range Anxiety ◽  
Integrated Decision Making

A major barrier in consumer adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is “range anxiety,” the concern that the vehicle will run out of power at an inopportune time. Range anxiety is caused by the current relatively low electric-only operational range and sparse public charging station (CS) infrastructure. Range anxiety may be significantly mitigated if EV manufacturers and CS operators work in partnership using a cooperative business model to balance EV performance and CS coverage. This model is in contrast to a sequential decision-making model where manufacturers bring new EVs to the market first and CS operators decide on CS deployment given EV specifications and market demand. This paper proposes an integrated decision-making framework to assess profitability of a cooperative business model using a multidisciplinary optimization model that combines marketing, engineering, and operations considerations. This model is demonstrated in a case study involving battery EV design and direct current (DC) fast-CS location network in Southeast Michigan. The expected benefits can motive both government and private enterprise actions.

scholarly journals Reducing the Consumer Attitude–Behaviour Gap in Animal Welfare: The Potential Role of ‘Nudges’

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Vigors
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Choice Architecture ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Farm Animal Welfare

Citizen concern for the welfare of farm animals is well documented. However, there is a notable gap between people saying they want improved farm animal welfare and how they actually behave as a consumer. This is known as the citizen–consumer attitude–behaviour gap. As improvements in farm animal welfare can be affected by market demand, the choices consumers make become important. This paper introduces the concept of ‘nudging’ and discusses how it could be applied to reduce the attitude–behaviour gap amongst consumers. By designing the choice environment to better reflect the behavioural biases known to impact human decision-making, ‘nudge’ tools function to prompt individuals to make choices that are aligned with their stated intentions. Four ‘nudge’ tools: self-nudges, choice architecture, social norms and pre-commitments are discussed. The behavioural rationales for their use are reviewed and examples of how they might be applied to animal welfare provided. Improved farm animal welfare arguably requires improved pro-welfare consumer behaviour. This paper highlights how this might be encouraged by: self-nudging the salience of an ethical self-image; altering the choice architecture to influence decision-making; articulating social norms to impact behaviour; and using pre-commitment devices to overcome self-control issues.

scholarly journals A Green Supply-Chain Decision Model for Energy-Saving Products That Accounts for Government Subsidies

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Xue ◽  
Ruifeng Gong ◽  
Laijun Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqing Ji ◽  
Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Revenue Sharing ◽  
Green Supply Chain ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Government Subsidies

Government subsidies are a common policy adopted to promote energy conservation and emission reduction. The decision-making that occurs within the green supply chain for energy-saving products under government subsidies is an area of great academic interest and game theory is becoming a popular tool in such research. In this paper, we examined centralized and decentralized decision-making models for the green supply chain and a coordinated decision-making model for revenue-sharing contracts based on game theory. We studied the effects of government subsidies on retail prices, energy conservation levels, market demand, supply chain profits, and social welfare for energy-saving products. We then compared the effectiveness of the three models using a numerical example. Our results revealed the range of contract parameters for which manufacturer and retailer profits increase. Our results show that government subsidies can significantly improve social welfare and promote the improvement of energy-saving products. Centralized decision-making generates higher profits than decentralized decisions and government subsidies were positively correlated with the level of energy conservation, product prices, and market demand. Revenue sharing contract coordination decisions can coordinate the supply chain and achieve the same effect as centralized decisions.

Price and Carbon Emissions Level Decisions in a Two-Echelon Supply Chain: Insights from Carbon Labelling

2013 ◽  
Vol 572 ◽  
pp. 668-671
Author(s):  
Yong Hong Cheng ◽  
Zhong Kai Xiong ◽  
Yu Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Supply Chain Performance ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Purchasing Behavior ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
Initial Carbon

To analyze the effects of carbon labelling on firms production and marketing decisions, as well as consumers purchasing behavior, we consider a supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer and assume the market demand is both price-and carbon emissions level-sensitive, then the optimal decisions policies for pricing and carbon emissions level are discussed under decentralized and centralized decision-making. Interestingly, our results show that only when the initial carbon emissions level of the product is less than a certain threshold, as consumers environmental awareness increasing, the amount of carbon emissions per unit of output produced will decrease. On the contrary, the carbon emissions level will increase. Moreover, we found that when consumers environmental awareness maintains the same level, the centralized decision-making is more conducive to reduce carbon emissions and improve whole supply chain performance. Finally, some numerical examples are given to verify the research results.

Capacity Management in Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems With Stochastic Market Demand

Manufacturing ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Maghami Asl ◽  
A. Galip Ulsoy
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Control ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Capacity Management ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Reconfigurable Manufacturing ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Management Scenario ◽  
Stochastic Market

An optimal solution, based on Markov Decision Theory, is presented for the capacity management problem in Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems with stochastic market demand with a time delay between the time capacity change is ordered and the time it is delivered. The optimal policy in this paper is presented as optimal boundaries representing the optimal capacity expansion and reduction levels. The effects of change in the cost function parameters and the delay time on the optimal boundaries are presented for a capacity management scenario. The major differences between this research and the ones in inventory control lie in two folds. One is the fact that unlike inventory, capacity levels can be reduced according to the market demand. The other one is the novel approach presented in this paper to solve the delay problem which unlike the inventory control does not account for the cumulative unmet demand as a decision factor.

From Batch to Continuous Production Through Micro Process Technology: Chances and Challenges

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Scholl
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Production ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Batch Processes ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Intermediate Phases ◽  
Stochastic Market

The majority of the manufacturing processes in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food or cosmetics industry is operated as batch processes. This is economically advantageous in cases where - capacities per product are low, in the range of 10 kg/a to 1000 t/a - many different educts have to be mixed and processed for the product, i.e. a recipe-based manufacturing, - many different but similar products have to be produced, - educts have to be fed at different times and with varying quantities, - educts show problematic properties such as high viscosity, solids or stickiness, - problematic processing behaviour such as fouling, foaming, viscous intermediate phases or undesired precipitation, is found, - manufacturing has to meet a sometimes stochastic market demand or - the process consist of only a few process steps like mixing, heating, reaction and cooling.

scholarly journals The Optimum Output Quantity for Different Competitive Behaviors under a Fuzzy Decision Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Xia Sun ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Fuzzy Decision ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Decision Environment ◽  
Fuzzy Parameter ◽  
Output Quantity ◽  
Total Market ◽  
Optimum Output

Due to the uncertainty of information and complexity of decision-making environment, the optimum output quantity is studied under a fuzzy decision environment. Firstly, the triangular intuitionistic fuzzy model is proposed. Secondly, the optimum output quantity is discussed for four patterns to market structure. Thirdly, the effect of fuzzy parameter on optimum output quantity and total market demand is discussed. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the concrete application of the proposed model.

scholarly journals Multiobjective Decision-Making for Technical Characteristics Selection in a House of Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianmin Xie ◽  
Qin Qin ◽  
Maoting Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Technical Characteristic ◽  
Technical Property ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
House Of Quality ◽  
Fuzzy Front End ◽  
Multiobjective Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Model

Technical characteristics are an important influencing factor in fuzzy front-end of product innovation design and also an important output of the house of quality. The analysis and decision-making of technical characteristics are conducive to the rational allocation of resources according to their own advantages and the design of products in line with market demand. In view of the multiple objective constraints and internal fuzziness of technical property selection in the house of quality, the traditional methods have great limitations on the decision-making of technical property. Therefore, this paper proposes a multiobjective decision-making method for technical property selection in the house of quality, which aims to calculate and modify the basic importance of technical property. Based on the rough set algorithm, the basic importance of technical characteristics is determined by using the correlation matrix between consumer demand and technical characteristics, and the relative weight of multiple objectives is determined by “least squares.” On this basis, the multiobjective decision-making model of technical characteristic selection is established and calculated. At last, an example of mobile phone product design was used to verify the practicability and effectiveness of the method.

scholarly journals Emergency Strategies of Closed-Loop Supply Chain with Single Retailer Recycling under Demand Disruptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jian Cao ◽  
Yuting Yan ◽  
Lingyuan Wang ◽  
Xihui Chen ◽  
Xuemei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain ◽  
Decentralized Decision Making ◽  
Retail Prices ◽  
Emergency Decision

The uncertainty caused by emergencies will influence the normal operation of the supply chain. Considering demand disruptions, a closed-loop supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and two competing retailers based on decentralized decision-making is considered. In the supply chain, one retailer recovers end-of-life products while the other does not. Analytic results show that, when the disturbance of demand occurs, the manufacturer and retailers adjust the wholesale price and retail prices of products according to the direction of the market demand disruptions. Under demand disruptions, the retailer who participates in recovering can gain more profits, especially in the case of the positive disruption. Theoretic and pragmatic references for the emergency decision-making of closed-loop supply chain enterprises are provided.

Concurrent Optimization of Product Design and Manufacturing Coping With Demand Variability

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masataka Yoshimura ◽  
Atsushi Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Practical Design

Abstract A user-oriented product design methodology for integrating design, manufacturing and marketing is proposed and the practical design optimization procedures are constructed and presented. First, market demand analyses are conducted by dividing users into groups based on similarities of users’ needs. The product satisfaction level of each group is formulated using the users’ satisfaction levels for product attributes. Next, in order to obtain optimum design solutions effectively in the integrated decision making processes of design, manufacturing and marketing (which include an enormous number of decision variables), multiphase procedures of design optimization are constructed according to simplicity levels of shape modelings with structural characteristics and manufacturing costs which can be evaluated. Then, practical design decision making procedures from the extraction of design alternatives through the determination of detailed decision variables are described corresponding to multiphase modeling starting with simplified models and advancing to detailed models. Here, the objective function of decision making is to maximize the satisfaction level of product user. Finally, the proposed integrated design optimization method is applied to industrial robots for demonstrating the effectiveness of the method.

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