Rapid estimation of earthquake loss based on instrumental seismic intensity: design and realization

The methods and results of seismic hazard zoning are investigated for the Russian Federation territory and abroad. The input data used in the zoning procedure, aimed at revealing the boundaries of areas with stable seismic intensity attenuation parameters have been analyzed. The zoning procedure has been developed for determining the boundaries of territories, within which the macroseismic field parameters (i.e., the coefficients in N.V. Shebalin’s equation; the orientation of the elliptic isoseist axes, as well as the ratio of their semi-axes) show close values in each point. Examples are given in distinguishing zones characterized by quasi-stable parameters for separate regions, as well as in calibrating the computer model of the macroseismic field. The case studies are considered in the presence of a complete set of input data and under conditions of their insufficiency. The efficiency of the macroseismic field calibrated models application in the Extremum system in order to increase the reliability of near real time earthquake loss estimations is shown.

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A quick earthquake disaster loss assessment method supported by dasymetric data for emergency response in China

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-16-885-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 885-899 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jinghai Xu ◽

Jiwen An ◽

Gaozong Nie

Keyword(s):

Emergency Response ◽

Estimation Method ◽

Seismic Intensity ◽

Loss Estimation ◽

Earthquake Disaster ◽

Disaster Loss ◽

Exposure Data ◽

Intensity Field ◽

Earthquake Loss ◽

Speed And Accuracy

Abstract. Improving earthquake disaster loss estimation speed and accuracy is one of the key factors in effective earthquake response and rescue. The presentation of exposure data by applying a dasymetric map approach has good potential for addressing this issue. With the support of 30''  ×  30'' areal exposure data (population and building data in China), this paper presents a new earthquake disaster loss estimation method for emergency response situations. This method has two phases: a pre-earthquake phase and a co-earthquake phase. In the pre-earthquake phase, we pre-calculate the earthquake loss related to different seismic intensities and store them in a 30''  ×  30'' grid format, which has several stages: determining the earthquake loss calculation factor, gridding damage probability matrices, calculating building damage and calculating human losses. Then, in the co-earthquake phase, there are two stages of estimating loss: generating a theoretical isoseismal map to depict the spatial distribution of the seismic intensity field; then, using the seismic intensity field to extract statistics of losses from the pre-calculated estimation data. Thus, the final loss estimation results are obtained. The method is validated by four actual earthquakes that occurred in China. The method not only significantly improves the speed and accuracy of loss estimation but also provides the spatial distribution of the losses, which will be effective in aiding earthquake emergency response and rescue. Additionally, related pre-calculated earthquake loss estimation data in China could serve to provide disaster risk analysis before earthquakes occur. Currently, the pre-calculated loss estimation data and the two-phase estimation method are used by the China Earthquake Administration.

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A dasymetric data supported earthquake disaster loss quick assessment method for emergency response in China

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/nhessd-3-1473-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 1473-1510 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Xu ◽

J. An ◽

G. Nie

Keyword(s):

Emergency Response ◽

Estimation Method ◽

Seismic Intensity ◽

Loss Estimation ◽

Two Phase ◽

Earthquake Disaster ◽

Disaster Loss ◽

Intensity Field ◽

Earthquake Loss ◽

Speed And Accuracy

Abstract. Improving earthquake disaster loss estimation speed and accuracy is one of key factors in effective earthquake response and rescue. The presentation of exposure data by applying a dasymetric map approach has good potential for addressing this issue. With the support of 30'' × 30'' areal exposure data (population and building data in China), this paper presents a new two-phase earthquake disaster loss estimation method for emergency response situations. This method has two phases: a pre-earthquake phase and a co-earthquake phase. In the pre-earthquake phase, we pre-calculate the earthquake loss related to different seismic intensities and store them in a 30'' × 30'' grid format, which has four stages: determining the earthquake loss calculation factor, gridding possible damage matrixes, the building damage calculation and the people loss calculation. The dasymetric map approach makes this possible. Then, in the co-earthquake phase, there are two stages of estimating loss: generating a theoretical isoseismal map to depict the spatial distribution of the seismic intensity field; then, using the seismic intensity field to extract statistics of disaster loss from pre-calculated loss estimation data to obtain the final estimation results. The method is validated by four actual earthquakes that occurred in China. The method not only significant improves the speed and accuracy of loss estimation, but gives spatial distribution for the loss, which will be effective in aiding earthquake emergency response and rescue. Additionally, related pre-calculated earthquake loss estimation data in China could serve to provide disaster risk analysis before earthquakes happen. Currently, the pre-calculated loss estimation data and the two-phase estimation method are used by the China Earthquake Administration.

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A Simple Method for the Evaluation of Internal Doses in Nuclear Medicine

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1624857 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 13 (02) ◽

pp. 193-206

Author(s):

L. Conte ◽

L. Mombelli ◽

A. Vanoli

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Medicine ◽

Close Agreement ◽

Whole Body ◽

Simple Method ◽

Rapid Estimation ◽

Absorbed Doses ◽

The Mean ◽

The Individual ◽

Estimation Of Risk

SummaryWe have put forward a method to be used in the field of nuclear medicine, for calculating internally absorbed doses in patients. The simplicity and flexibility of this method allow one to make a rapid estimation of risk both to the individual and to the population. In order to calculate the absorbed doses we based our procedure on the concept of the mean absorbed fraction, taking into account anatomical and functional variability which is highly important in the calculation of internal doses in children. With this aim in mind we prepared tables which take into consideration anatomical differences and which permit the calculation of the mean absorbed doses in the whole body, in the organs accumulating radioactivity, in the gonads and in the marrow; all this for those radionuclides most widely used in nuclear medicine. By comparing our results with dose obtained from the use of M.I.R.D.'s method it can be seen that when the errors inherent in these types of calculation are taken into account, the results of both methods are in close agreement.

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