scholarly journals Association Between Conflicts of Interest and Authors’ Positions on Harms of Varenicline: a Cross-Sectional Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Fabbri ◽  
Camilla Hansen Nejstgaard ◽  
Quinn Grundy ◽  
Lisa Bero ◽  
Adam G. Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Industry Funding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background Few studies have investigated the relationship between industry funding/conflicts of interest and authors’ positions in opinion pieces on drug safety. Harmful effects of varenicline, a treatment for smoking cessation, have been highly contested. Objective To examine the association between pharmaceutical industry funding/authors’ financial conflicts of interest and position on varenicline in opinion articles, especially in relation to the minimization of harms; to assess whether opinion pieces on drug safety issues written by authors with conflicts of interest are more frequently cited in the news or social media. Design Cross-sectional analysis. Participants English language opinion pieces and narrative reviews about varenicline published between May 2006 and February 2019. Main Measures Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals; the Mann-Whitney two-sample statistic was used to test for differences in Altmetric scores, a measure of media attention. Key Results Of the 221 included articles, 30.3% (67) disclosed the funding source and 62.9% (139) disclosed authors’ conflicts of interest. Authors of opinion pieces on varenicline who reported financial ties to the pharmaceutical industry (as a conflict of interest or funding source) were more likely to minimise the cardiovascular and psychiatric risk of varenicline compared to those without conflicts of interest or industry funding (OR: 4.00; 95% CI: 1.32 to 12.16 for cardiovascular risk; OR: 8.51; 95% CI: 3.79 to 19.11 for psychiatric risk). These associations persisted in sensitivity analyses. No statistically significant difference in Altmetric score was found between articles with (mean 15.83, median 3) and without (mean 11.90, median 1) conflicts of interest, indicating similar media attention (p-value=0.11). Conclusions We found that authors with financial ties to drug companies were more likely to publish opinion pieces that minimised harms of varenicline. These results raise questions about journals’ editorial policies to accept reviews of treatments from authors with financial relationships with manufacturers.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical Industry Funding of Health Consumer Groups in Australia: A Cross-sectional Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Fabbri ◽  
Swestika Swandari ◽  
Edith Lau ◽  
Agnes Vitry ◽  
Barbara Mintzes
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Industry Funding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers ◽  
Health Consumer ◽  
Consumer Organizations ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Relationships between consumer organizations and pharmaceutical manufacturers are the focus of transparency efforts in some jurisdictions, including Australia. This study describes the frequency and nature of industry sponsorship of Australian health consumer organizations and examines the link between sponsorship of the most highly funded organizations and manufacturers’ requests for public reimbursement of products for related health conditions. We downloaded 130 transparency reports covering the period January 2013 to December 2016 from the website of Medicines Australia and carried out a descriptive analysis. For the most heavily funded organizations and their sponsors, we examined Public Summary Documents of the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee to identify relevant products under consideration for public reimbursement over the study period. Thirty-four pharmaceutical companies provided 1,482 sponsorships to 230 organizations, spending a total of AU$34,507,810. The top clinical areas in terms of amount of funding received were cancer, eye health, and nervous system disorders. The sponsors of the most highly funded groups were companies that in most cases had drugs under review for public reimbursement for conditions covered by these organizations. Interactions between the pharmaceutical industry and consumer organizations are common and require careful management to prevent biases that may favor sponsors’ interests above those of patients and the public.

Industry Involvement in Otolaryngology: Updates from the 2017 Open Payments Database

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot Morse ◽  
Elisa Berson ◽  
Saral Mehra
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Industry Funding ◽  
The West ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Compensation ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Open Payments

Objective To characterize drug and device industry payments to otolaryngologists in 2017 and compare them with payments from 2014 to 2016. Study Design Retrospective cross-sectional analysis. Setting 2017 Open Payments Database. Subjects and Methods We identified otolaryngologists in the Open Payments Database receiving nonresearch industry payments in 2017. We determined the total number and value of payments and the mean and median payments per compensated otolaryngologist. We characterized payments by census region, nature of payment, and sponsor subspecialty. Results A total of 8131 otolaryngologists received 66,414 payments totaling to $11.2 million in industry compensation in 2017. This is decreased from $14.5 million in 2016. The mean and median payment per compensated otolaryngologist was $1383 ($10,459) and $159 ($64-$420), respectively. Of the total compensation, 85% was received by the top 10th percentile of otolaryngologists. Speaking fees accounted for $3.1 million (28% of total payments), and food and beverage was the most common payment type (57,691 payments; 87%). Consulting fees decreased by $1 million from 2016 to 2017, and ownership interests decreased by $1.2 million from 2016 to 2017. The south had the highest total compensation value ($4.2 million), while the west had the highest mean payment value ($1561). Rhinology accounted for the highest proportion of payments of all otolaryngology subspecialties at $3.9 million (34%). Conclusion Industry payments to otolaryngologists decreased to $11.2 million in 2017 from $14.5 million in 2016. Much of the decrease can be attributed to decreases in consulting fees and ownership payments. It is important that otolaryngologists remain aware of changes in industry funding with each release of the Open Payments Database.

scholarly journals Estudio de seguimiento de egresados como herramienta para la actualización curricular con fines de acreditación de cuatro licenciaturas

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
R. Méndez Torres ◽  
Ma. R. Sánchez Valencia
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Academic Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Analysis

El presente trabajo muestra el análisis comparativo de cohorte transversal que resulta del estudio de seguimiento de egresados para la generación 2013 de la Universidad Interactiva y a Distancia del Estado de Guanajuato (UNIDEG). La intención es realizar una actualización curricular que eventualmente permita la acreditación por parte de los organismos de COPAES de cuatro licenciaturas. Se parte de la hipótesis de que no existe diferencia significativa en los resultados y opiniones de los egresados de las diferentes carreras. Los resultados permiten conocer información relevante de los egresados que generan el autoconocimiento de la institución y la puesta en marcha de acciones de mejoramiento de la calidad académica y al mismo tiempo el acercamiento a los egresados para impulsar proyectos en los que se les involucre. This paper shows a cross sectional analysis of a graduates follow up study of 2013 generation of Universidad Interactiva y a Distancia del Estado de Guanajuato (UNIDEG). The purpose is to make a curricular update that eventually allow the accreditation by of the four bachelors by the members of COPAES. The initial hypothesis is that there is no significant difference in the results and opinions of graduates of different bachelors. The results let to know relevant information from graduates that generate self-knowledge of the institution to generate actions to improve academic quality while approaching graduates to promote projects in which they are involved.  

Tuberculosis drug safety and pharmacovigilance in health system of Kosova: A cross‐sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1037-1045
Author(s):  
Shaip Krasniqi ◽  
Burim Neziri ◽  
Arianit Jakupi ◽  
Ismajl Shurdhaj ◽  
Armond Daci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Adherence to conflicts of interest policy in Cochrane reviews where authors are also editorial board members: a cross‐sectional analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Leite Pacheco ◽  
Carolina Oliveira Cruz Latorraca ◽  
Ana Luiza Cabrera Martimbianco ◽  
Enderson Miranda ◽  
Luis Eduardo Santos Fontes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Interest Policy ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals A cross-sectional analysis of pharmaceutical industry-funded events for health professionals in Australia

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e016701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Fabbri ◽  
Quinn Grundy ◽  
Barbara Mintzes ◽  
Swestika Swandari ◽  
Ray Moynihan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals Odontometric and Skull Anthropometric Parameters as a Forensic Tool in Stature Estimation: A Cross-sectional Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Mugdha Mankar (Gadbail)
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stature Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Combined Data

ABSTRACT Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between height of an individual with the circumference of skull and combined mesiodistal width (CMDW) of the permanent maxillary anterior teeth in forensic and medicolegal investigations. Materials and methods In this study, 100 persons were evaluated. Mesiodistal widths of the permanent maxillary anterior teeth and height and circumference of the skull were measured. Linear regression analysis was used for the known heights of the combined data and data for males and females against the odontometric and anthropometric variables. Results Highly significant correlation was observed between height and other parameters for combined data and data for males. There was statistically significant difference between equation relating height to the CMDW of the maxillary anterior teeth and equation relating height to head circumference. Conclusion It can be stated that the skull with teeth may provide accurate clues to stature from an individual's fragmentary remains and thus provide a reliable method of estimation of height from skeletal remains during forensic investigations. Clinical significance Odontometric parameters along with regression equations may be used as a supplementary approach for stature estimation, especially in situations of unavailability of extremities. In the advancement of field of forensic odontology, skull anthropometry including maxillary extent, mesiodistal dimension of anteriors, and circumference of the skull are beneficial for stature estimation. How to cite this article Gondivkar SM, Gadbail AR, Vedpathak PR, Sarode S, Sarode G, Mankar M, Patil S. Odontometric and Skull Anthropometric Parameters as a Forensic Tool in Stature Estimation: A Cross-sectional Analysis. World J Dent 2017;8(3):202-206

scholarly journals Do anticoagulants affect outcomes of hip fracture surgery? A cross-sectional analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Hoerlyck ◽  
Terence Ong ◽  
Merete Gregersen ◽  
Else Marie Damsgaard ◽  
Lars Borris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hip Fracture Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Fracture Surgery

Abstract Introduction The management of patients with a hip fracture is affected by the use of oral anticoagulants. A cross-sectional analysis was undertaken to investigate health outcome differences in those anticoagulated compared to those not anticoagulated. Methods Patients aged 50 years and over presenting to a large university hospital with hip fractures were identified from the service registry. Patient characteristics and health outcomes between those not anticoagulated were compared with those anticoagulated (warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants, DOAC). Results 200/2307 (9%) patients were anticoagulated. 84% were on warfarin, and the rest a DOAC. Compared to those anticoagulated, there was a higher prevalence of dementia (25% vs. 18%, p = 0.02) and a lower prevalence of cardiovascular disease (54% vs. 78%, p < 0.01), atrial fibrillation (10% vs. 82%, p < 0.01), and polypharmacy (55% vs. 76%, p < 0.01). Renal function was lower in the anticoagulated group. Time to operation for those not anticoagulated and anticoagulated was a median (IQR) of 25 (15) and 27 (18) hours. There was no difference in blood transfusion and hospital mortality. Postoperative complications were similar except a higher rate of renal failure (14% vs. 19%, p = 0.04) and heart failure (1% vs. 5%, p < 0.01), and a longer length of stay [median (IQR): 14 (10) vs. 16 (12) days] in the anticoagulated group. This was no longer significant after adjustment of confounders. Conclusion There was no statistically significant difference in health outcomes between those anticoagulated and those not after adjusting for patient characteristics. It was feasible to avoid significant delay in hip fracture surgery in those anticoagulated.

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