scholarly journals Estudio de seguimiento de egresados como herramienta para la actualización curricular con fines de acreditación de cuatro licenciaturas

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
R. Méndez Torres ◽  
Ma. R. Sánchez Valencia
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Academic Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Analysis

El presente trabajo muestra el análisis comparativo de cohorte transversal que resulta del estudio de seguimiento de egresados para la generación 2013 de la Universidad Interactiva y a Distancia del Estado de Guanajuato (UNIDEG). La intención es realizar una actualización curricular que eventualmente permita la acreditación por parte de los organismos de COPAES de cuatro licenciaturas. Se parte de la hipótesis de que no existe diferencia significativa en los resultados y opiniones de los egresados de las diferentes carreras. Los resultados permiten conocer información relevante de los egresados que generan el autoconocimiento de la institución y la puesta en marcha de acciones de mejoramiento de la calidad académica y al mismo tiempo el acercamiento a los egresados para impulsar proyectos en los que se les involucre. This paper shows a cross sectional analysis of a graduates follow up study of 2013 generation of Universidad Interactiva y a Distancia del Estado de Guanajuato (UNIDEG). The purpose is to make a curricular update that eventually allow the accreditation by of the four bachelors by the members of COPAES. The initial hypothesis is that there is no significant difference in the results and opinions of graduates of different bachelors. The results let to know relevant information from graduates that generate self-knowledge of the institution to generate actions to improve academic quality while approaching graduates to promote projects in which they are involved.  

Are neighborhood restaurants related to frequency of restaurant meals and dietary quality?: Prevalence and changes over time in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Amy H. Auchincloss ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Kari A. B. Moore ◽  
Manuel Franco ◽  
Mahasin S. Mujahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Eating Out ◽  
Restaurant Meals ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objective: To examine whether the density of neighbourhood restaurants affected the frequency of eating restaurant meals and subsequently affected diet quality. Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. Structural equation models assessed the indirect relationship between restaurant density (≤3 miles (4.8 km) of participant addresses) and dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI)) via the frequency of eating restaurant meals, after adjustment for sociodemographics, select health conditions, region, residence duration and area-level income. Setting: Urbanised areas in multiple regions of the USA, years 2000–2002 and 2010–2012. Participants: Participants aged 45–84 years were followed for 10 years (n 3567). Results: Median HEI (out of 100) was 59 at baseline and 62 at follow-up. Cross-sectional analysis found residing in areas with a high density of restaurants (highest ranked quartile) was associated with 52% higher odds of frequently eating restaurant meals (≥3 times/week, odds ratio [OR]:1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-1.98) and 3% higher odds of having lower dietary quality (HEI lowest quartile<54, OR:1.03,CI:1.01-1.06); associations were not sustained in longitudinal analyses. Cross-sectional analysis found 34% higher odds of having lower dietary quality for those who frequently ate at restaurants (OR:1.34,CI:1.12-1.61); and more restaurant meals (over time increase ≥1 times/week) was associated with higher odds of having worse dietary quality at follow-up (OR:1.21,CI:1.00-1.46). Conclusions: Restaurant density was associated with frequently eating out in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses but was associated with the lower dietary quality only in cross-sectional analyses. Frequent restaurant meals were negatively related to dietary quality. Interventions that encourage less frequent eating out may improve population dietary quality.

scholarly journals Australian general practice trainees’ exposure to ophthalmic problems and implications for training: a cross-sectional analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Morgan ◽  
Amanda Tapley ◽  
Kim M Henderson ◽  
Neil A Spike ◽  
Lawrie A McArthur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Australian General Practice ◽  
Simple Logistic ◽  
Sectional Analysis

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Eye conditions are common presentations in Australian general practice, with the potential for serious sequelae. Pre-vocational ophthalmology training for General Practitioner (GP) trainees is limited. AIM To describe the rate, nature and associations of ophthalmic problems managed by Australian GP trainees, and derive implications for education and training. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis from an ongoing cohort study of GP trainees’ clinical consultations. Trainees recorded demographic, clinical and educational details of consecutive patient consultations. Descriptive analyses report trainee, patient and practice demographics. Proportions of all problems managed in these consultations that were ophthalmology-related were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Associations were tested using simple logistic regression within the generalised estimating equations (GEE) framework. RESULTS In total, 884 trainees returned data on 184,476 individual problems or diagnoses from 118,541 encounters. There were 2649 ophthalmology-related problems, equating to 1.4% (95% CI: 1.38–1.49) of all problems managed. The most common eye presentations were conjunctivitis (32.5% of total problems), eyelid problems (14.9%), foreign body (5.3%) and dry eye (4.7%). Statistically significant associations were male trainee; male patient and patient aged 14 years or under; the problem being new and the patient being new to both trainee and practice; urban and of higher socioeconomic status practice location; the practice nurse not being involved; planned follow up not arranged; referral made; in-consultation information sought; and learning goals generated. DISCUSSION Trainees have comparable ophthalmology exposure to established GPs. However, associations with referral and information-seeking suggest GP trainees find ophthalmic problems challenging, reinforcing the critical importance of appropriate training.

Association between the Prime Diet Quality Score and depressive symptoms in a Mediterranean population with metabolic syndrome. Cross-sectional and 2-year follow-up assessment from PREDIMED-PLUS study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Naomi Cano-Ibáñez ◽  
Lluis Serra-Majem ◽  
Sandra Martín-Peláez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract The burden of depression is increasing worldwide, specifically in older adults. Unhealthy dietary patterns may partly explain this phenomenon. In the Spanish PREDIMED-Plus study we explored (1) the cross-sectional association between the adherence to the Prime Diet Quality Score- (PDQS), an a priori-defined high-quality food pattern and the prevalence of depressive symptoms at baseline (cross-sectional analysis), and (2) the prospective association of baseline PDQS with changes in depressive symptomatology after 2 years of follow-up. After exclusions, we assessed 6612 participants in the cross-sectional analysis and 5523 participants in the prospective analysis. An energy-adjusted high-quality dietary score (PDQS) was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The cross-sectional association between PDQS and the prevalence of depression, presence of depressive symptoms and prospectively assessed changes in depressive symptoms was evaluated through multivariable regression models (logistic and linear models and mixed linear-effects models). PDQS was inversely associated with depressive status in the cross-sectional analysis. Participants in the highest quintile of PDQS (Q5) showed a significantly reduced odds of depression prevalence as compared to participants in the lowest quartile of PDQS (Q1) [OR (95%) CI= 0.82 (0.68, 0.98))]. The baseline prevalence of depression decreased across PDQS quintiles (p for trend=0.015). A statistically significant association between PDQS and changes in depressive symptoms after 2-y follow-up was found (β (95%) CI = −0.67 z-score (−1.17, −0.18). A higher PDQS was cross-sectionally related to a lower depressive status. Nevertheless, the null finding in our prospective analysis, raises the possibility of reverse causality. Further prospective investigation is required to ascertain the association between PDQS and changes in depressive symptoms along time.

Comparison of HIV Type 1 Incidence Observed during Longitudinal Follow-Up with Incidence Estimated by Cross-Sectional Analysis Using the BED Capture Enzyme Immunoassay

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 945-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Steven McDougal ◽  
Bharat S. Parekh ◽  
Michael L. Peterson ◽  
Bernard M. Branson ◽  
Trudy Dobbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals P1597 15-year follow-up of regional right and left ventricular function after the Senning operation: a colour-Doppler myocardial imaging study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Moya ◽  
L Roggen ◽  
E Troost ◽  
P De Meester ◽  
W Budts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Myocardial Imaging ◽  
Systolic Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peak Systolic Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract OnBehalf Ana Moya, 1994 Introduction Although the development of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in patients who underwent an atrial switch procedure is a major concern, long-term follow-up data on the evolution of myocardial function over time, especially using deformation myocardial imaging, is still lacking. Purpose This study aimed (1) at evaluating regional (base-mid-apex) RV and left ventricular (LV) function using Colour-Doppler myocardial imaging over a 15-year follow-up period (longitudinal analysis) and (2) at comparing results with age- and gender-matched controls (cross-sectional analysis). Methods For the longitudinal analysis, we compared systolic and diastolic function between 2004 and 2019 in 10 Senning patients. For the cross-sectional analysis, we compared the subaortic RV (sRV) of Senning patients with the RV and LV of matched controls and the subpulmonary LV (spLV) of Senning patients with the LV of matched controls. Results The longitudinal analysis (2004-2019) of sRV function showed a significant decrease in peak systolic strain (-16.9 ± 7.1% vs -12.0 ± 4.0%; P = 0.045), peak systolic strain rate (-1.1 ± 0.3s-1 vs -0.8 ± 0.4s-1; P = 0.003) and peak early diastolic velocity (-2.0 ± 1.2 cm/s vs -1.0 ± 0.5 cm/s; P = 0.036) at the apex. spLV function showed a significant decrease in peak systolic velocity (mid: 5.6 ± 1.8 cm/s vs 3.7 ± 1.1 cm/s; P = 0.013 and apex: 5.0 ± 1.7 cm/s vs 2.1 ± 1.2 cm/s; P = 0.011) and peak systolic strain rate (mid: -1.7 ± 0.5s-1 vs -1.0 ± 0.4s-1; P = 0.048). The cross-sectional analysis revealed significant lower values for peak systolic velocity, peak systolic strain rate, peak systolic strain at all myocardial regions of the sRV when compared to both LV and RV of matched controls (all P &lt; 0.05). Similarly, early and late diastolic velocity were lower when compared to controls (P &lt; 0.05). The spLV showed lower values for peak systolic velocity and peak systolic strain rate (mid and apex, P &lt; 0.05), but not for peak systolic strain when compared to the LV of matched controls. Conclusion Our study shows little change in systolic and diastolic sRV function over a 15-year period, except in the apical region. Interestingly, there was a decline of spLV systolic function which may be of clinical value. On the other hand, when compared to age- and gender-matched controls, both the sRV and spLV of Senning patients exhibit significantly decreased measurements of longitudinal systolic and diastolic function.

scholarly journals Postmarketing commitments for novel drugs and biologics approved by the US Food and Drug Administration: a cross-sectional analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D Wallach ◽  
Anita T Luxkaranayagam ◽  
Sanket S Dhruva ◽  
Jennifer E Miller ◽  
Joseph S Ross
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Public Reporting ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Reporting Requirements ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Status Information ◽  
Sectional Analysis

AbstractBackgroundPostmarketing commitments are clinical studies that drug sponsors agree to conduct at the time of FDA approval, but which are not required by statute or regulation. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics, completion, and dissemination of postmarketing commitments agreed upon by sponsors at first FDA approval.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of postmarketing commitments for new drugs and biologics approved 2009-2012. Using public FDA documents, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Scopus, we determined postmarketing commitments and their characteristics known at the time of FDA approval; number of postmarketing commitments subject to reporting requirements, for which FDA is required to make study status information available to the public (“506B studies”), and their statuses; and rates of registration and results reporting on ClinicalTrials.gov and publication in peer-reviewed journals for all clinical trials, with follow-up through July 2018.ResultsAmong 110 novel drugs and biologics approved by the FDA between 2009-2012, 61 (55.5%) had at least one postmarketing commitment at the time of first approval. Of 331 total postmarketing commitments, 271 (81.9%) were non-human subjects research, predominantly chemistry, manufacturing, and controls studies; 49 (14.8%) were clinical trials (33 new and 16 ongoing trials for which follow-up results would be reported). Study descriptions for the new clinical trials often lacked information to establish study design features. Of the 89 (26.9%) 506B studies subject to public reporting requirements, of which 42 were clinical trials, 59 (66.3%) did not have an up-to-date status provided by FDA. Nearly all new clinical trials (28 of 31, 90.3%) were registered on ClinicalTrials.gov; of the 23 registered trials that were completed or terminated, 22 (95.7%) had reported results. Only half (14 of 29, 48.3%) of completed or terminated clinical trials, registered or unregistered, were published in peer-reviewed journals. Conclusions: The majority of postmarketing commitments agreed to by sponsors at the time of FDA approval for novel drugs and biologics approved between 2009-2012 were chemistry, manufacturing, and controls studies. While only 15% were clinical trials, these trials were nearly always registered with reported results on ClinicalTrials.gov. However, despite FDA public reporting requirements, up-to-date study status information was often unavailable for 506B studies.

scholarly journals Association Between Conflicts of Interest and Authors’ Positions on Harms of Varenicline: a Cross-Sectional Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Fabbri ◽  
Camilla Hansen Nejstgaard ◽  
Quinn Grundy ◽  
Lisa Bero ◽  
Adam G. Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Industry Funding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background Few studies have investigated the relationship between industry funding/conflicts of interest and authors’ positions in opinion pieces on drug safety. Harmful effects of varenicline, a treatment for smoking cessation, have been highly contested. Objective To examine the association between pharmaceutical industry funding/authors’ financial conflicts of interest and position on varenicline in opinion articles, especially in relation to the minimization of harms; to assess whether opinion pieces on drug safety issues written by authors with conflicts of interest are more frequently cited in the news or social media. Design Cross-sectional analysis. Participants English language opinion pieces and narrative reviews about varenicline published between May 2006 and February 2019. Main Measures Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals; the Mann-Whitney two-sample statistic was used to test for differences in Altmetric scores, a measure of media attention. Key Results Of the 221 included articles, 30.3% (67) disclosed the funding source and 62.9% (139) disclosed authors’ conflicts of interest. Authors of opinion pieces on varenicline who reported financial ties to the pharmaceutical industry (as a conflict of interest or funding source) were more likely to minimise the cardiovascular and psychiatric risk of varenicline compared to those without conflicts of interest or industry funding (OR: 4.00; 95% CI: 1.32 to 12.16 for cardiovascular risk; OR: 8.51; 95% CI: 3.79 to 19.11 for psychiatric risk). These associations persisted in sensitivity analyses. No statistically significant difference in Altmetric score was found between articles with (mean 15.83, median 3) and without (mean 11.90, median 1) conflicts of interest, indicating similar media attention (p-value=0.11). Conclusions We found that authors with financial ties to drug companies were more likely to publish opinion pieces that minimised harms of varenicline. These results raise questions about journals’ editorial policies to accept reviews of treatments from authors with financial relationships with manufacturers.

Abstract 1122‐000069: Left Atrial Dilatation, Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke; A 5 Year Follow Up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Aboul Nour ◽  
Hassan Aboul Nour ◽  
Ammar Jum'ah ◽  
Muhammad Affan ◽  
Karam Gagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Left Atrial Dilatation

Introduction : Our prior study showed that Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) and not Left Atrial Dilatation (LAD) was associated with ischemic stroke (IS) in a cross‐sectional analysis. We sought to validate these findings in a prospective 5‐year follow up study. Methods : Patients with transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) completed from March to September 2016 were selected . New diagnoses of Afib and IS over the interval period of 5 years (2016‐2021) were obtained. Regression models were used to analyze LAD, Afib and other covariates as they relate to IS, as well as the association of baseline LAD to subsequent AFib. Results : There were 7988 subjects analyzed. Of those; 578 had IS before 2016 and an additional 249 patients had no follow‐up information, who were excluded from the analysis. Of the remaining 7161, mean age was 65.1, 54% females, 52% Caucasian, 43% African American, 9% developed new AFib and3% had a new IS during follow‐up. The median follow‐up was 47 months (IQR 14–60). Also, 54% patients had a normal LA, 13% were mildly dilated, 13% were moderately and 20% were severely dilated, of which 6%, 11%, 13% and 15% were found to have new AFib, respectively (p<0.001). Mild and Severe LAD was more likely to experience IS when compared to normal LAD and moderate LAD showed a trend (Model‐1). Prior diagnosis of LAD or Afib was associated with a new IS on univariate analysis (Model‐2). However, on multivariate analysis, only Afib remained associated (Models‐3/4). Additionally, anticoagulant use was associated with a reduced risk of IS. (Model‐4) Conclusions : LAD increased the probability of AFib discovery during follow‐up and was associated with both Afib and IS. However, AFib, not LAD, was independently associated with IS. Medical treatment of AFib was associated with a reduction in future IS, reaffirming the need to identify and treat AFib. Our study suggests the presence of LAD on TTE is a useful marker for identification of high risk individuals for Afib and prospective investigations to identify Afib would provide primary IS prevention.

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