Generation of a promising universal RNAi vector system to control plant pests

Cassava mosaic virus is one of the major problems affecting cassava industry in India. Currently there are no effective strategy to completely protect cassava from cassava mosaic viruses. In order to attain cassava mosaic virus resistance RNAi vectors targeting the replicase gene of Indian cassava mosaic virus is constructed in this study. Their efficiency to transform cassava immature leaf lobes were also studied here. Replicase gene of Indian cassava mosaic virus in Tamilnadu are cloned and sequenced. Conserved domains are identified and sub cloned to CSIRO RNAi vector system and transformation studies are done in immature cassava leaves. Two different RNAi vectors were constructed, utilizing a conserved 440bp of 5’ end of ICMV Rep (AC1) gene which also corresponds to a part of AC4 gene, and functions as a viral RNAi suppressor protein. The partial Rep gene of ICMV was cloned in sense and anti-sense orientations in the RNAi intermediate vector, pHANNIBAL. After cloning into pHANNIBAL, the cloned RNAi gene cassettes of ICMV is released and cloned into the binary vector, pART27, which contains the kanamycin-resistance gene as a plant selectable marker. In order to use hygromycin as a selection agent in cassava genetic transformation, RNAi–Rep gene cassettes of ICMV were cloned into pCAMBIA1305.2. These constructs were named pICR1 and pICR2 respectively. The Genetic transformation studies in cassava leaves done using pICR2 vector could generate PCR positive plants. An agrobacterium mediated replicase RNAi vector is developed and that can be transformed into cassava immature leaf lobes. Their efficiency to silence the Indian cassava mosaic virus should be studied further.

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Managing plant pests with soaps

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-in1248-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 (4) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Matthew A. Borden ◽

Adam G. Dale

Keyword(s):

Pest Management ◽

Control Plant ◽

Fact Sheet ◽

Plant Pests ◽

Conflicting Information ◽

Plant Pest ◽

Different Types

Home gardeners and professionals frequently discuss the use of soap products to control plant pests. Limited and conflicting information on this topic has resulted in confusion and misuse of products. It is important to recognize that all soaps are not equal in safety or efficacy in plant-pest management. This 5-page fact sheet written by Matthew A. Borden and Adam G. Dale and published by the UF/IFAS Entomology and Nematology Department describes some of the different types of soaps and recommendations for proper, legal, and safe use of these products to manage pests. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1248

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PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK NABATI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HASIL PANEN TANAMAN SAWI

AGROTEK: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pertanian ◽

10.33096/agrotek.v4i1.94 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 53-61

Author(s):

Marliana S. Palad ◽

Aminah Muchdar

Keyword(s):

Crop Yields ◽

Economic Value ◽

Control Plant ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Plant Pests ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Vegetable Extract ◽

Mustard Crop ◽

Chemical Pesticides ◽

Research Period

The study aims to determine the effect of the provision of vegetable extracts on the quality and quantity of mustard crop yields, which was carried out in Malino, Gowa Regency, with a research period of 4 months, from March to July 2009. The research was conducted in the form of experiments arranged according to a randomized design Group (RBD) with five treatments and each treatment had 4 replications, so there were 20 experimental plots.Based on the results of the study, that plants that have economic value in the field can be used as a vegetable pesticide substitute for chemical pesticides to control plant pests, so as to suppress pest populations and reduce leaf defects by applying vegetable extracts at concentrations of 4 or 6 cc/liter of water with an interval of giving once a week. Application of vegetable extract with more doses the concentration can improve the quality and quantity of mustard greens with growth and yield of higher yields which is an average of 407.5 grams in the treatment of 6 cc/liter of water (E3).

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Aplikasi pestisida dan analisis residunya pada produksi beras petani di kampung sidomulyo distrik oransbari kabupaten manokwari selatan

Cassowary ◽

10.30862/casssowary.cs.v3.i1.34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 11-21

Author(s):

Saraswati Prabawardani ◽

Gunawan Gunawan ◽

Wasgito Purnomo

Keyword(s):

Pesticide Residues ◽

Residue Analysis ◽

Control Plant ◽

Rice Production ◽

Human Right ◽

Plant Pests ◽

Frequency Of Use ◽

Synthetic Pesticides ◽

Food Needs ◽

Food Commodities

Rice is a source of staple food whose fulfillment is a basic human right in realizing quality human resources. Therefore, in order to meet food needs, the Indonesian government has conducted various programs to increase production of various food commodities. One of the most important is the increase in national rice production through an intensification and intensification program. Control of plant pests (OPT) is a problem that is often faced by farmers. The use of synthetic pesticides is the easiest step for farmers to take. The use of pesticides in South Manokwari Regency is very high, this can be seen from the presence of kiosks that sell synthetic pesticides with a variety of trademarks, active ingredients and formulators in every agricultural center in the area of South Manokwari Regency. There are 1 distributor and 12 retailers and 148 types of pesticides that have been circulating in the area of South Manokwari Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the Application of Pesticides and Residue Analysis in Farmer Rice Production in Sidomulyo Village, Oransbari District, South Manokwari District. This research is descriptive with survey techniques, direct interviews to obtain an overview of the application procedures, types, dosages, and frequency of use of pesticides and analyze the accumulation of pesticides in rice. The types of pesticides most widely used by farmers in Sidomulyo village in their efforts to control Plant Pests (OMO) in lowland rice cultivation are Demolish, Resotin and Klensect. The application is carried out by farmers by spraying so that there is direct contact between the control material, the control target and the plants. The dosage used by farmers in control is 300-340 liters / ha with the frequency of spraying 6-7 times each season. The results of the analysis of pesticide residues on rice products from Sidomulyo village farmers show that the residue is below the maximum residue limit set so that the rice produced by these farmers is safe for consumption. The research analysis shows that there is no correlation between the pesticide residues in rice produced by farmers in Sidomulyo village and the types of pesticides used, the frequency of application, the dosage / concentration of pesticides and the application method used by farmers.

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THE EXISTENCE OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI ON RICE PLANTS RHIZOSPHERE

International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.24843/ijbb.2017.v05.i01.p02 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Noerfitryani Noerfitryani ◽

Hamzah Hamzah

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Control Plant ◽

Percentage Mortality ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Plant Pests ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

Department Faculty

Enthomophatogenic fungus is biological control. This research aimed to identify fungi on semi-organic and inorganic rice plants rhizosphere and proved as entomophatogenic fungi. This research was conducted in Biological control, Plant Pests and Diseases Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar. Isolation of fungi with a modified insect bait method then tested in larvae, calculated mortality of larvae, Tenebrio molitor were infected by fungi were re-isolated and cultured in PDA media. The result showed that the average of T. molitor larvae mortality infected by enthomopathogenic fungi on semi-organic rhizosphere was around 24% and 8% on inorganic rhizosphere. The percentage mortality of larvae on semi-organic rhizosphere were infected by Fusarium sp. was around 20-60 %, Aspergillus sp. 60%-80% and Trichoderma sp. 80%, while in inorganic rhizosphere up to 100% were infected by Aspergillus spp.

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