PENGARUH PUPUK HAYATI DENGAN KOMPOSISI MIKROORGANISME YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN

Biofertilizer can be used to replace chemical fertilizer so that soil quality is maintained and soil pollution can be avoided. The study aimed to determine the effect of biofertilizers with different compositions of microorganisms on the growth of maize plants. The research was carried out in a greenhouse. Maize plants were fertilized by two kinds of biofertilizers with different compositions of microorganisms. The first biofertilizer contained Azotobacter sp, Azospirillum sp, Rhizobium sp, Trichoderma sp, and Lactobacillus sp, and the second biofertilizer contained Strenotrophomonas sp. and Paenibacillus polymyxa. As controls, maize plants were fertilized by sterilized those biofertilizers. The results showed that the second biofertilizer increased the dry weight of the maize plant. Meanwhile, the first biofertilizer did not increase it. Several things must be considered in the application of biofertilizers, such as the composition of microorganisms, type of plant, level of fertilization, and the method of applying fertilizer to the plant.

Penghambatan berbagai isolat Trichoderma sp. terhadap perkecambahan spora Colletotrichum sp.

Penyakit antraknosa pada buah cabai menyebabkan kualitas hasil menurun dan kehilangan hasil yang tinggi. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh jamur Colletotrichum sp. Pada umumnya, antraknosa pada cabai dikendalikan dengan aplikasi fungisida kimia sintetis pada seluruh permukaan buah. Hal ini sangat berbahaya bila dilakukan menjelang panen karena buah cabai juga dikonsumsi segar. Agens pengendali hayati merupakan alternatif pengendalian Colletotrichum sp. pada buah cabai. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh isolat agens pengendali hayati yang dapat menghambat perkecambahan spora Colletotrichum sp. penyebab penyakit antraknosa pada buah cabai besar keriting. Penelitian diawali dengan isolasi Colletotrichum sp. dari cabai rawit, besar, dan merah keriting. Isolasi menghasilkan dua buah isolat dari cabai merah besar, 5 isolat diisolasi dari cabai merah keriting, dan 7 isolat dari cabai rawit. Uji virulensi dilakukan untuk memperoleh isolat yang paling virulen terhadap cabai merah keriting. Isolat BA asal cabai besar diketahui memiliki virulensi paling tinggi dibandingkan yang lainnya. Tujuh Trichoderma, 1 Gliocladium, dan 2 APH yang belum diidentifikasi digunakan biakan dalam media cair. Suspensi APH digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa pada buah cabai merah keriting. Penambahan suspensi LPT2 menyebabkan persentase perkecambahan paling sedikit.

The Control of Pathogenic Fungi with Trichoderma in Banjar Pinge, Tabanan of Bali Province

Pinge is one of the traditional sub-village (banjar) in Baru Village, Marga Sub district, Tabanan Regency of Bali Province. There are 36% of villagers living below the poverty line where 85% of them are farmers who cultivate fruit and flowers. They have many problems with fruit and flower production as the yields is low due to natural disasters and poor agricultural practice and support. Some flower growers often complain of low flower production, especially Marigold flowers due to the attack of pathogenic fungi that cause flower blight. The solution to solve the problems faced by partners is: by providing Appropriate Technology in the processing of cow dung into compost fertilizer plus trichoderma sp antagonist microorganisms. External targets to be achieved are the use of appropriate technology in the processing technology of cow dung into compost plus Trichoderma sp. Based on the results of activities as much as 70% understand and are able to apply pest and disease control to flowers by utilizing biological agents. Trichoderma can reduce the intensity of disease above the ground by 50.00% and suppress the intensity in the soil by 34.48%. In addition, giving Trichoderma sp. can increase the fresh weight of the plant by up to 30.75%.

The Growth of Shallot (Allium Ascalonicum L) on Manure Fertilizer and Trichoderma Inoculation

To produce optimally good quality shallots, proper cultivation techniques are required. Efforts that can be made include modifying the environment in which plants grow. Alternative efforts to increase the quantity and quality of agricultural products, especially shallots can be done by using organic fertilizers and the use of Trichoderma sp. as a plant growth promoting agent, as well as improving the quality of organic fertilizers. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Trichoderma in increasing the ability of plants to absorb nutrients from the growing media and to determine the best type of organic fertilizer to increase the growth and yield of shallots. The research was conducted at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta, Wedomartani, Sleman, Yogyakarta Special Region, at an altitude of approximately 104 meters above sea level. The time of the research is from May to July 2021. This study was arranged in a factorial Completely Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. The first factor is the type of manure (P1: without manure, P2: cow manure and P3: goat manure). The second factor was inoculation of Trichoderma sp isolates (I0: without inoculation of Trichoderma sp. isolates. and I1: by inoculation of Trichoderma sp. isolates). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the addition of cow and goat manure was able to produce more leaves and plant height than without the addition of manure, although it did not show a significant effect on the yield of shallot bulbs. There is no significant difference between cow manure and goat manure. Trichoderma inoculation has not had a significant effect on the growth and yield of shallots

Similarity between corn hybrids using sanitary and physiological seed parameters

One of the elements capable of explaining the epidemics of diseases in the fields of corn production is the amount of initial inoculum present in seeds. The objective of this paper was to study the health and physiological quality of maize hybrids grown in the 2019 crop. The experiment was carried out using 22 hybrids represented by: 13K21PW Morgan©, 14K185PW Morgan©, 230 PRO 3 DKB©, 290 PRO 3 DKB© , 3040 VIP3 LG©, 3055 VIP3 LG©, 30F35 Pioneer ©, 310 PRO 3 DKB©, 345 PRO 3 DKB©, 8882 Coded DKB, CBS15C385PW Morgan©, CBS15D089PW Morgan©, CBS15SE137PW Morgan©, Coded x40K205 (3898) Pioneer, K9606 VIP3 KWS©, MG580PW Morgan©, MG652PW Morgan©, SH 7930 PRO 2 Sta Helena©, SH 7990 PRO 2 Sta Helena©, SX5885 VIP3 Syngenta©, SX71715 VIP3 Syngenta© and SX8934 VIP3 Syngenta© that were grown in the municipality of Ipameri, GO. Analyzed the percentage of primary root emission (ERP),% of shoot emission (EPA),% of microorganism incidence, % of fungus genera (% GF). Sixteen fungi were detected representing the microflora detected in the seeds of the evaluated hybrids recognized as Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium verticillioides, Gliomastix sp., Cladosporium sp., Gliocladium sp., Bacillus sp., Geotrichum sp. , Trichoderma sp., Mucor sp., Stenocarpela maydis, Pythium sp., Chaetomium sp., Sporotrix sp. and Scopulariopsis sp. The multivariate analysis jointed the cultivars with highest physiological activity represented by SX 8934 Vip3 SYN®, SX 71715 Vip 3®, 3040 Vip3 LG®, SHS 7990 PRO2, SX 5885 Vip3, MG 652 PW®, K9606 Vip3®, DKB 345 PRO3. The lowest incidence of microorganism was in hybrids DKB 345 PRO3 and 8882 cod.

Bio-nematicides Processing from Chicken Manure Waste Enriched with Trichoderma sp Fungi in Pangkalan Gelebak Village

The negative impact of using synthetic pesticides is harmful to health and damaging the environment. Pesticide residues can endanger health and reduce the competitiveness of agricultural products. The use of pesticides includes synthetic nematicides being suppressed or even avoided. One alternative to nematode control that is safe for health and environmentally friendly is bionematicide in organic chicken manure enriched with Trichoderma sp. Production of bio nematicides is an option to be applied by the farmer. This method of making bio nematicides uses simple technology, is practical, inexpensive, and easy to do at the farm level. In addition, the manufacture of this bionematicide will increase the benefits of chicken manure waste. This Community Service Activity that carried out in Pangkalan Gelebak Village, Rambutan District, Banyuasin Regency, on May 6, 2020. The result of this activity is that the farmers are very enthusiastic and motivated to make bionematicide. The bio nematicide produced is expected to control root-knot nematodes on cultivated plants to increase crop production and reduce dangerous synthetic pesticides. Bio nematicide uses are free from toxic pesticides, safe for health, more environmentally friendly, and will ultimately improve the welfare of farmers

Aplikasi fungi mikoriza arbuskula Glomus sp. dan Trichoderma sp. sebagai pupuk hayati dan biostimulator pertumbuhan tanaman tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang memiliki banyak manfaat dan potensial untuk dikembangkan. Permintaan pasar terhadap buah tomat meningkat, namun produksi tomat di Bali mengalami penurunan karena faktor biotik dan abiotik. Upaya untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman tomat yaitu menggunakan FMA Glomus sp. dan Trichoderma sp. yang berfungsi sebagai pupuk hayati dan biostimulator. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada November 2020 sampai Februari 2021 dan bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian FMA, Trichoderma sp. dan kombinasinya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat. Lokasi penelitian di Greenhouse dan Laboratorium Taksonomi Tumbuhan Prodi Biologi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Udayana. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan dua faktor dan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor pertama dosis FMA Glomus (0, 100, 150 dan 200 spora per tanaman), faktor kedua dosis Trichoderma (0, 10 dan 20 mL per tanaman). Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi FMA Glomus sp. 150 spora per tanaman dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, jumlah kuntum bunga per tanaman, berat kering total tanaman dan mendapatkan persentase kolonisasi FMA tertinggi sebesar 35% (kategori sedang).