Increase of Serum Cholesterol Levels by Heat-Moisture-Treated High-Amylose Cornstarch in Rats Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet

Lipids ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 695-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhide Udagawa ◽  
Chika Kitaoka ◽  
Tatsuaki Sakamoto ◽  
Kazuo Kobayashi-Hattori ◽  
Yuichi Oishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
High Amylose

The effect of diabetes mellitus on aortic prostanoid synthesis and serum cholesterol levels in the rat fed a high cholesterol diet

Life Sciences ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart I. Myers ◽  
Lori Bartula ◽  
Mike Linzel ◽  
Tam Phan ◽  
Pa Jong Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Prostanoid Synthesis

scholarly journals The fat and protein fractions of freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract reduce serum cholesterol and enhance bile acid biosynthesis and sterol excretion in hypercholesterolaemic rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Chijimatsu ◽  
Miki Umeki ◽  
Yuji Okuda ◽  
Koji Yamada ◽  
Hiroaki Oda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Neutral Sterols ◽  
Fat Fraction

We investigated whether the fat and protein fractions of freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract (FCE) could ameliorate hypercholesterolaemia in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. We also explored the mechanism and the components that exert the hypocholesterolaemic effect of FCE. The doses of the fat and protein fractions were equivalent to those in 30 % FCE. The fat and protein fractions of FCE, two major components of FCE, significantly reduced the serum and hepatic cholesterol levels. The fat fraction more strongly reduced serum cholesterol levels than the same level of total FCE. The excretion of faecal neutral sterols increased in rats fed the total the FCE and the fat fraction of FCE. On the other hand, faecal bile acid levels were greater in rats fed the total FCE and the fat and protein fractions of FCE than in control animals. The hepatic gene expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter G5 and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase was up-regulated by the administration of the total FCE and both the fat and protein fractions of FCE. These results showed that the fat and protein fractions of FCE had hypocholesterolaemic properties, and that these effects were greater with the fat fraction than with the protein fraction. The present study indicates that FCE exerts its hypocholesterolaemic effects through at least two different mechanisms, including enhanced excretion of neutral sterols and up-regulated biosynthesis of bile acids.

scholarly journals Vitamin B12 Inhibits Progression of Hypercholesterolemia and Atherosclerosis in Rabbits Fed a High Cholesterol Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Abou-Khalil ◽  
Ron Poulsen ◽  
Michael B. Stemerman ◽  
Sean Moore ◽  
Misbahuddin Zafar Alavi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Cholesterol Level ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Group 4

The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of vitamin B12 on serum cholesterol levels and development of aortic atherosclerosis in New Zealand White male rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet. Twenty rabbits were divided into 4 groups matched for their baseline serum cholesterol values. Groups 1 and 2 received a normal diet, whereas groups 3 and 4 had cholesterol mixed with their chow. After 5 weeks, the serum cholesterol of groups 3 and 4 increased by approximately 12 fold compared to groups 1 and 2. At that point, vitamin B12 was administered in the drinking water (1000 micrograms/l) to rabbits in groups 2 and 4. At week 8, the Vitamin B12 dose was increased to 2400 micrograms/l for group 4. At 12 weeks into the study, rabbits in group 4 (high cholesterol diet plus vitamin B12) had a serum cholesterol level of 919 +/- 270 mg/dl while those of group 3 (high cholesterol diet) had a serum cholesterol level of 1417 +/- 250 mg/dl. At the end of the study, rabbit aortas were excised, fixed, and stained with fat-red-B, a dye for lipid. Comparison of the aortas of rabbits that received the lipid rich diet revealed that animals given additional vitamin B12 had significantly decreased surface area of fat deposition. These data suggest the potential role for vitamin B12 as a safe and inexpensive pharmacological intervention for the modification of the progression of human atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Phaleria macrocarpa Boerl. (Thymelaeaceae) Leaves Increase SR-BI Expression and Reduce Cholesterol Levels in Rats Fed a High Cholesterol Diet

Molecules ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 4410-4429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosie Andriani ◽  
Tengku Tengku-Muhammad ◽  
Habsah Mohamad ◽  
Jasnizat Saidin ◽  
Desy Syamsumir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Phaleria Macrocarpa

Pharmacological activation of LXR in utero directly influences ABC transporter expression and function in mice but does not affect adult cholesterol metabolism

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (6) ◽  
pp. E1341-E1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. E. van Straten ◽  
N. C. A. Huijkman ◽  
J. F. W. Baller ◽  
F. Kuipers ◽  
T. Plösch
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Development ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Cholesterol is critical for several cellular functions and essential for normal fetal development. Therefore, its metabolism is tightly controlled during all life stages. The liver X receptors-α (LXRα; NR1H3) and -β (LXRβ; NR1H2) are nuclear receptors that are of key relevance in coordinating cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether fetal cholesterol metabolism can be influenced in utero via pharmacological activation of LXR and whether this would have long-term effects on cholesterol homeostasis. Administration of the LXR agonist T0901317 to pregnant mice via their diet (0.015% wt/wt) led to induced fetal hepatic expression levels of the cholesterol transporter genes Abcg5/g8 and Abca1, higher plasma cholesterol levels, and lower hepatic cholesterol levels compared with controls. These profound changes during fetal development did not affect cholesterol metabolism in adulthood nor did they influence coping with a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet. This study shows that the LXR system is functional in fetal mice and susceptible to pharmacological activation. Despite massive changes in fetal cholesterol metabolism, regulatory mechanisms involved in cholesterol metabolism return to a “normal” state in offspring and allow coping with a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet.

scholarly journals Ezetimibe and Simvastatin Reduce Cholesterol Levels in Zebrafish Larvae Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet

Cholesterol ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Sun Baek ◽  
Longhou Fang ◽  
Andrew C. Li ◽  
Yury I. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein Oxidation ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Human Atherosclerosis

Cholesterol-fed zebrafish is an emerging animal model to study metabolic, oxidative, and inflammatory vascular processes relevant to pathogenesis of human atherosclerosis. Zebrafish fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) develop hypercholesterolemia and are characterized by profound lipoprotein oxidation and vascular lipid accumulation. Using optically translucent zebrafish larvae has the advantage of monitoring vascular pathology and assessing the efficacy of drug candidates in live animals. Thus, we investigated whether simvastatin and ezetimibe, the principal drugs used in management of hypercholesterolemia in humans, would also reduce cholesterol levels in HCD-fed zebrafish larvae. We found that ezetimibe was well tolerated by zebrafish and effectively reduced cholesterol levels in HCD-fed larvae. In contrast, simvastatin added to water was poorly tolerated by zebrafish larvae and, when added to food, had little effect on cholesterol levels in HCD-fed larvae. Combination of low doses of ezetimibe and simvastatin had an additive effect in reducing cholesterol levels in zebrafish. These results suggest that ezetimibe exerts in zebrafish a therapeutic effect similar to that in humans and that the hypercholesterolemic zebrafish can be used as a low-cost and informative model for testing new drug candidates and for investigating mechanisms of action for existing drugs targeting dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals High Cholesterol Diet Exacerbates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in LDLr–/– Mice: Impact on Cognitive Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
Jade de Oliveira ◽  
Daiane F. Engel ◽  
Gabriela C. de Paula ◽  
Danúbia B. dos Santos ◽  
Jadna B. Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Hypercholesterolemic Diet

Background: Evidence has revealed an association between familial hypercholesterolemia and cognitive impairment. In this regard, a connection between cognitive deficits and hippocampal blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown was found in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice (LDLr–/–), a mouse model of familial hypercholesterolemia. Objective: Herein we investigated the impact of a hypercholesterolemic diet on cognition and BBB function in C57BL/6 wild-type and LDLr–/–mice. Methods: Animals were fed with normal or high cholesterol diets for 30 days. Thus, wild-type and LDLr–/–mice were submitted to memory paradigms. Additionally, BBB integrity was evaluated in the mice’s prefrontal cortices and hippocampi. Results: A tenfold elevation in plasma cholesterol levels of LDLr–/–mice was observed after a hypercholesterolemic diet, while in wild-type mice, the hypercholesterolemic diet exposure increased plasma cholesterol levels only moderately and did not induce cognitive impairment. LDLr–/–mice presented memory impairment regardless of the diet. We observed BBB disruption as an increased permeability to sodium fluorescein in the prefrontal cortices and hippocampi and a decrease on hippocampal claudin-5 and occludin mRNA levels in both wild-type and LDLr–/–mice treated with a hypercholesterolemic diet. The LDLr–/–mice fed with a regular diet already presented BBB dysfunction. The BBB-increased leakage in the hippocampi of LDLr–/–mice was related to high microvessel content and intense astrogliosis, which did not occur in the control mice. Conclusion: Therefore, LDLr–/–mice seem to be more susceptible to cognitive impairments and BBB damage induced by exposure to a high cholesterol diet. Finally, BBB disruption appears to be a relevant event in hypercholesterolemia-induced brain alterations.

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