Pollen load diversity and foraging niche overlap in a pollinator community of the rare Dictamnus albus L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Fisogni ◽  
Marino Quaranta ◽  
Francesca-Vittoria Grillenzoni ◽  
Francesca Corvucci ◽  
Natasha de Manincor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Pollen Load ◽  
Pollinator Community ◽  
Foraging Niche ◽  
Dictamnus Albus

Ecomorphological relationships in hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae)

1985 ◽  
Vol 224 (1234) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Foraging Niche ◽  
Similarity Distance

Hoverflies spend most of their feeding time either taking nectar or pollen, in varying proportions according to species. Xylota species feed on pollen, but have a specialized method of collecting it from the surface of leaves. Multivariate morphometric data and activity data (in the form of time-budgets) are associated by using canonical correlation analysis. The main feature of the two data sets lies in the correlation between proboscis shape and the proportion of time devoted to feeding on nectar and on pollen. Additionally, increased body size is correlated with more time feeding on nectar. The second canonical correlation documents the decrease in the proportion of time spent in flight with increasing body size. Morphological similarity (distance apart in multivariate space) and ecological similarity (foraging niche overlap) are correlated. Species with similar size and shape feed on similar types of flowers and take similar foods (nectar or pollen). Reproductive and energy requirements alter with body size, and these are sufficient to explain the observed differences.

scholarly journals Foraging niche overlap during chick-rearing in the sexually dimorphic Westland petrel

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 191511
Author(s):  
Timothée A. Poupart ◽  
Susan M. Waugh ◽  
Akiko Kato ◽  
John P. Y. Arnould
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Isotopic Niche ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
Competition Avoidance ◽  
Foraging Niche

Most Procellariform seabirds are pelagic, breed in summer when prey availability peaks, and migrate for winter. They also display a dual foraging strategy (short and long trips) and sex-specific foraging. The Westland petrel Procellaria westlandica , a New Zealand endemic, is one of the rare seabirds breeding in winter. Preliminary findings on this large and sexually dimorphic petrel suggest a foraging behaviour with no evidence of a dual strategy, within a narrow range and with shared areas between sexes. To investigate further this unusual strategy, the present study determined the fine-scale at-sea behaviours (global positioning system and accelerometer data loggers) and trophic niches (stable isotopes in whole blood) of chick-rearing individuals (16 males and 13 females). All individuals foraged on the shelf-slope of the west coast of New Zealand's South Island with short, unimodal trips. Both sexes foraged at similar intensity without temporal, spatial or isotopic niche segregation. These findings suggest the presence of a winter prey resource close to the colony, sufficient to satisfy the nutritional needs of breeding without increasing the foraging effort or intra-specific competition avoidance during winter. Additional data are needed to assess the consistency of foraging niche between the sexes and its reproductive outcomes in view of anticipated environmental changes.

Pollen Load, Seed Position, and Agronomic Performance in Alfalfa

Crop Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Smith ◽  
D. M. Conta ◽  
U. Bechert
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Pollen Load ◽  
Seed Position

Dietary overlap and food resource partitioning among fish species of a tropical estuary in Northeastern Brazil

Gaia Scientia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adna Ferreira da Silva Garcia ◽  
Ana Lúcia Vendel
Keyword(s):  
Resource Partitioning ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Dietary Overlap ◽  
Feeding Niche ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Food Resource Partitioning

The current work investigates dietary overlap and food partitioning among nine abundant carnivorous fishes caught in the shallow waters of the Paraíba do Norte river estuary, Paraíba State, Brazil. Fishes were sampled with a beach seine net between January and December 2008 and a total of 958 specimens had their stomach content analyzed. Crustacea was the dominant food resource for Lutjanus alexandrei, L. jocu and Bathygobius soporator, whereas Telostei were consumed mainly by Centropomus undecimalis and C. parallelus. In contrast, Polychaeta were preyed upon mainly by Diapterus rhombeus, Eucinostomus argenteus, Sciades herzbergii and S. parkeri. Although most species consumed similar food items, they did that in varying proportions and amounts. Overall, the niche overlap among species was low (< 0.60), but there were several cases where pair of species had their feeding niche highly overlapped (between 0.72 and 0.97). These findings corroborate the hypothesis that food resource partitioning determines species coexistence in estuarine tropical environments.

scholarly journals Testing for equality of distributions using the concept of (niche) overlap

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith H. Parkinson-Schwarz ◽  
Arne C. Bathke
Keyword(s):  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Type I Error ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Type I ◽  
Underlying Distribution ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Non Parametric

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new non-parametric test for equality of distributions. The test is based on the recently introduced measure of (niche) overlap and its rank-based estimator. As the estimator makes only one basic assumption on the underlying distribution, namely continuity, the test is universal applicable in contrast to many tests that are restricted to only specific scenarios. By construction, the new test is capable of detecting differences in location and scale. It thus complements the large class of rank-based tests that are constructed based on the non-parametric relative effect. In simulations this new test procedure obtained higher power and lower type I error compared to two common tests in several settings. The new procedure shows overall good performance. Together with its simplicity, this test can be used broadly.

scholarly journals The food web in a subterranean ecosystem is driven by intraguild predation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Parimuchová ◽  
Lenka Petráková Dušátková ◽  
Ľubomír Kováč ◽  
Táňa Macháčková ◽  
Ondřej Slabý ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Trophic Interactions ◽  
Intraguild Predation ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
High Availability ◽  
Large Prey ◽  
Arthropod Predators ◽  
Body Sizes

AbstractTrophic interactions of cave arthropods have been understudied. We used molecular methods (NGS) to decipher the food web in the subterranean ecosystem of the Ardovská Cave (Western Carpathians, Slovakia). We collected five arthropod predators of the species Parasitus loricatus (gamasid mites), Eukoenenia spelaea (palpigrades), Quedius mesomelinus (beetles), and Porrhomma profundum and Centromerus cavernarum (both spiders) and prey belonging to several orders. Various arthropod orders were exploited as prey, and trophic interactions differed among the predators. Linear models were used to compare absolute and relative prey body sizes among the predators. Quedius exploited relatively small prey, while Eukoenenia and Parasitus fed on relatively large prey. Exploitation of eggs or cadavers is discussed. In contrast to previous studies, Eukoenenia was found to be carnivorous. A high proportion of intraguild predation was found in all predators. Intraspecific consumption (most likely cannibalism) was detected only in mites and beetles. Using Pianka’s index, the highest trophic niche overlaps were found between Porrhomma and Parasitus and between Centromerus and Eukoenenia, while the lowest niche overlap was found between Parasitus and Quedius. Contrary to what we expected, the high availability of Diptera and Isopoda as a potential prey in the studied system was not corroborated. Our work demonstrates that intraguild diet plays an important role in predators occupying subterranean ecosystems.

scholarly journals Indian Grey Wolf and Striped Hyaena sharing from the same bowl: High niche overlap between top predators in a human-dominated landscape

2021 ◽  
pp. e01682
Author(s):  
Tanoy Mukherjee ◽  
Ishita Chongder ◽  
Shankhamala Ghosh ◽  
Akash dutta ◽  
Abhishek Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Grey Wolf ◽  
Top Predators
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