Modeling study on the spatial variation of the sensitivity of photochemical ozone concentrations and population exposure to VOC emission reductions in Japan

During the period between June and December 2002, the concentrations of ozone in the air at 4 measuring sites in Belgrade were measured. The measuring periods varied from 10 days to several weeks. The maximal measured daily concentrations of ozone ranged from 19ppbv (23 December 2002) to 118ppbv (23 June 2002).Ozone concentrations higher than, or equal to 90ppbv were registered at three measuring sites. It was shown that at measuring sites characterized as urban, maximal O3 concentrations equal to, or higher than 90ppbv occurred at high temperatures (higher than 30?C) and low wind speeds (mostly from the north). The measured ozone concentrations mostly showed characteristics usual for a daily photochemical ozone cycle, excluding the specificities influenced by the measuring site itself. Ozone transport was recorded at increased wind speeds, primarily from south-easterly directions. On the basis of he correlations between ozone concentration and the corresponding meteorological parameters, a validation of the measuring sites was performed from the aspect of their representativeness for the measurements.

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Declining risk of ozone impacts on vegetation in Europe 1990–2050 due to reduced precursor emissions in a changed climate

Biogeosciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/bgd-11-625-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 625-655

Author(s):

J. Klingberg ◽

M. Engardt ◽

P. E. Karlsson ◽

J. Langner ◽

H. Pleijel

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Soil Moisture ◽

Emission Scenario ◽

Growing Season ◽

Future Climate ◽

Ozone Exposure ◽

Emission Reductions ◽

Ozone Uptake ◽

Ozone Concentrations ◽

Ozone Precursor

Abstract. The impacts of climate change and changes in ozone precursor emission on ozone exposure (AOT40) of the vegetation in Europe were investigated. In addition, meteorological conditions influencing stomatal uptake of ozone were analysed to find out if climate change is likely to affect the risk for ozone damage to vegetation. Climate simulations based on the IPCC SRES A1B scenario were combined with ozone precursor emission changes from the RCP4.5 scenario and used as input to the Eulerian Chemical Transport Model MATCH from which projections of ozone concentrations were derived. Provided that the climate projections are realistic and the emission reductions of the emission scenario are undertaken, the ozone exposure of vegetation over Europe will be significantly reduced between the two time periods 1990–2009 and 2040–2059. This decline in AOT40 is larger than the reduction in average ozone concentrations. The reduction is driven by the emission reductions assumed by the RCP4.5 emission scenario, rather than changes in the climate. Higher temperatures in a future climate will result in a prolonged growing season over Europe as well as larger temperature sums during the growing season. Both the extended growing season and higher temperatures may enhance ozone uptake by plants in colder parts of Europe. The future climate suggested by the regional climate model will be dryer in terms of higher vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and lower soil moisture in southern Europe, which may reduce ozone uptake. VPD and soil moisture was not projected to change in north and north-west Europe to an extent that would influence ozone uptake by vegetation. This study shows that substantial reductions of ozone precursor emissions have the potential to strongly reduce the risk for ozone effects on vegetation, even if concurrent climate change promotes ozone formation.

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Temporal and Spatial Variation in, and Population Exposure to, Summertime Ground-Level Ozone in Beijing

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15040628 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 628 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hui Zhao ◽

Youfei Zheng ◽

Ting Li ◽

Li Wei ◽

Qing Guan

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variation ◽

Ground Level ◽

Population Exposure ◽

Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽

Ground Level Ozone ◽

Temporal And Spatial

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Accurate, Low Cost PM2.5 Measurements Demonstrate the Large Spatial Variation in Wood Smoke Pollution in Regional Australia and Improve Modeling and Estimates of Health Costs

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11080856 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 856

Author(s):

Dorothy L. Robinson

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variation ◽

Real Time ◽

Low Cost ◽

Health Costs ◽

Wood Smoke ◽

Population Exposure ◽

South Wales ◽

Smoke Pollution ◽

Wood Heating ◽

Regional Australia

The accuracy and utility of low-cost PM2.5 sensors was evaluated for measuring spatial variation and modeling population exposure to PM2.5 pollution from domestic wood-heating (DWH) in Armidale, a regional town in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, to obtain estimates of health costs and mortality. Eleven ‘PurpleAir’ (PA) monitors were deployed, including five located part of the time at the NSW government station (NSWGov) to derive calibration equations. Calibrated PA PM2.5 were almost identical to the NSWGov tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) and Armidale Regional Council’s 2017 DustTrak measurements. Spatial variation was substantial. National air quality standards were exceeded 32 times from May–August 2018 at NSWGov and 63 times in one residential area. Wood heater use by about 50% of households increased estimated annual PM2.5 exposure by over eight micrograms per cubic meter, suggesting increased mortality of about 10% and health costs of thousands of dollars per wood heater per year. Accurate real-time community-based monitoring can improve estimates of exposure and avoid bias in estimating dose-response relationships. Efforts over the past decade to reduce wood smoke pollution proved ineffective, perhaps partly because some residents do not understand the health impacts or costs of wood-heating. Real-time Internet displays can increase awareness of DWH and bushfire pollution and encourage governments to develop effective policies to protect public health, as recommended by several recent studies in which wood smoke was identified as a major source of health-hazardous air pollution.

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