The History of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Kagaayi ◽  
David Serwadda
Keyword(s):  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals A study on knowledge attitude and practices regarding HIV/AIDS among general population in a community of Kottarakkara, Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Nimmy N. John ◽  
Athira Krishnan Krishnan ◽  
H. Doddayya
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Populations ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV/AIDS epidemic has emerged as one of the most serious and enormous health problems associated with high morbidity and mortality rate. A prospective questionnaire based observational study was carried out in Kottathala community of Mylom Gramapanchayat, Kottarakkara to analyse the peoples knowledge on HIV/AIDS, as well as attitudes towards HIV patients and actual sex practices for the control or prevention of HIV.Methods: A total of 150 participants were interviewed by using a predesigned questionnaire and responses were reviewed and analysed by using descriptive statistics namely total numbers and percentage.Results: Out of 150 participants females were more (84%) and most of them were under the age group of 18-30 years. Majority of the participants had higher degree of education (51.33%) as they are still youth. The overall participants had a higher degree of knowledge regarding HIV and most of them had a positive attitude towards the HIV patients. Around 84% of participants had history of sexual intercourse but majority of them (46%) never used condoms during sexual intercourse in which, 11.33% only using condom regularly. Most of them were following unsafe sexual practices.Conclusions: This study concludes that the surveyed general populations had high knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS and had risky sexual practices. 

Lest We Forget: HIV/AIDS and Queer Theatre and Performance in Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIRK GINDT
Keyword(s):  
Research Project ◽  
Political Complexity ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Concordia University ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Hiv Aids

Lest We Forget, my current research project at Concordia University, critically analyses the history of queer theatre and performance as it intersects with the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Canada. Stretching over three decades and taking the country's bilingualism into consideration, its objectives are to study the aesthetic variety and political complexity of plays and performances that attend to the epidemic and to identify the multiple challenges faced by theatre artists and activists. Furthermore, the project explores the methodological and historiographical challenges when studying HIV/AIDS theatre and performance in a Canadian context.

HIV/AIDS Policies and Modernity in Brazil and South Africa: a Comparative Critical Analysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Katito
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Aids Pandemic ◽  
Care Policies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hiv Aids

This chapter compares HIV/AIDS policies in Brazil and South Africa over the thirty-year history of the epidemic, focusing on the period between the mid-1980s and the early 2000s. The discussion lays emphasis on the largely divergent policy responses of the two states to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The chapter begins with an overview of Brazil and South Africa's HIV/AIDS policies, along with critical factors that explain why, despite being two similar societies, they responded so differently to the epidemic. These factors include the nature and the timing of democratic transition and the relatively stronger Brazilian civil society. The chapter argues that Brazil acted far more aggressively than South Africa against the HIV/AIDS epidemic by implementing comprehensive prevention, treatment and care policies. As a result, the Brazilian government has been able to contain the spread of the virus across its population. In contrast, negligence, denial, delay and fragmentation have considerably exacerbated the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa.

scholarly journals TRANSEXUAL “WOMANHOOD” AND THE EMERGENCE OF TRANSFEMINISM: RHETORICS OF HIV/AIDS IN THE LIGHT OF THE QUEER THEORY

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Daniella de Abreu ◽  
Ednaldo Cavalcante de Araújo ◽  
Eliane Maria Ribeiro de Vasconcelos ◽  
Jefferson Wildes da Silva Moura ◽  
Josueida de Carvalho Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Queer Theory ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Imminent Risk ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the female transsexual identity and the emergence of transfeminism through the context of vulnerability to HIV / AIDS in light of the Queer Theory. Method: a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study based on the Queer Theory, carried out in a reference hospital for HIV/AIDS in the State of Pernambuco (Brazil), developed with six young transsexual women. The interviews were analyzed in the IRaMuTeQ software via the similarity analysis method. Results: the relation of male domination through the subordination of the transsexual woman, which originates in the binary, sexist and male chauvinistic heteronormative model, is emphasized. The context of vulnerability to HIV / AIDS is evidenced as a naturalized phenomenon of violence to the young "queer" woman, especially with precarious living conditions, history of family rejection, sexual violence and informal prostitution work. Lack of support from the social network and the imminent risk of transphobic violence result in damage to their physical and mental integrity. The following categories were observed: Emergence of transfeminism through symbolic violence and female transsexual identity and the context of vulnerability. Conclusion: the social impacts of the minimal state policy, social class cohesion (binarism, sexism, racism and male chauvinism), unequal social capital and culture of abjection of transsexual women reflect the context of the HIV / AIDS epidemic and inequalities that result in individual, contextual and programmatic vulnerability and in factors which limit the attainment of a healthy life.

Oral manifestations of HIV–AIDS in Nigerian patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate O Anteyi ◽  
Tom D Thacher ◽  
Stephen Yohanna ◽  
John I Idoko
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
History Of ◽  
Advanced Disease Stage ◽  
Hiv Aids

Because of the unique features of the AIDS epidemic in West Africa, we sought to determine if the spectrum of oral lesions among Nigerian patients with HIV-AIDS differs from that found in other regions. Of 500 patients examined, 266 (53%) had oral lesions. Lesions due to candidiasis were present in 244 (49%), while other oral lesions were infrequent (<3% for each of the other types). Oral lesions were associated with advanced disease stage ( P < 0.001), a history of urethritis in men ( P < 0.001), and alcohol ( P < 0.001) and tobacco use ( P = 0.03). A significantly lower prevalence of oral lesions (6%) was found among the 32 patients receiving antiretroviral drug treatment.

When does an epidemic become a ‘crisis’? Analogies between Covid-19 and HIV/AIDS in American public memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1445-1474
Author(s):  
Jonathon Catlin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Aids Memorial Quilt ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Borrowing ◽  
Hiv Aids

This article critically interrogates historical analogies made between the Covid-19 pandemic and HIV/AIDS epidemic in American public discourse, highlighting the role of cultural memory and normative frameworks of ‘crisis’ and its temporalities in shaping collective responses. It situates the Covid-19 pandemic in a multidirectional mnemonic frame by analysing borrowings from other usable pasts, particularly the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States, which in turn drew upon memory of the Holocaust. A reading of Susan Sontag’s ‘The Way We Live Now’ affirms the value of multidirectional cultural borrowing while also revealing its limits. Notably, the ever-growing AIDS Memorial Quilt may serve as a model for memorializing victims of Covid-19. While analogies between pandemics may be comforting or mobilizing, their meaning must remain open to contestation and also preserve particularities and differences. The history of HIV/AIDS centres the question, ‘crisis for whom?’ and cautions against prematurely declaring the ‘end’ of the Covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals ‘White man’s disease’

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Pfeiffer ◽  
Brian J. Gilley
Keyword(s):  
American Indians ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hiv Aids

Through critical reflection on the conspiracy theories told about the origins of HIV by American Indians, we learned that many community members refused the universalized aspects of AIDS prevention, education, and intervention. We found that standard HIV/AIDS-related prevention and treatment programs tend to universalize experiences with and responses to the AIDS epidemic and ignore – or push to the margin – alternative framings and understandings of this disease. Inspired by American Indians’ refusal to synthesize (in the Hegelian dialectical sense) their own experience into national and international AIDS knowledges, in this article we seek to engage with such marginal understandings, as well as their interactions with universal, individual, and community notions of care, AIDS, and health causality. The use of non-standard theories of the origins of AIDS by American Indians, we argue, disrupts the logic that attempts to universalize AIDS and community experiences. By making AIDS a ‘White Man’s disease’, Natives bring the epidemic in line with a history of social and health neglect by the settler state, and refuse to collapse their own, marginalized experiences and understandings of HIV/AIDS into dominant knowledges of the disease.

Global Attention Needed to Combat HIV/AIDS Epidemic

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
SHARON WORCESTER
Keyword(s):  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Hiv Aids
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