scholarly journals A study on knowledge attitude and practices regarding HIV/AIDS among general population in a community of Kottarakkara, Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Nimmy N. John ◽  
Athira Krishnan Krishnan ◽  
H. Doddayya
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Populations ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV/AIDS epidemic has emerged as one of the most serious and enormous health problems associated with high morbidity and mortality rate. A prospective questionnaire based observational study was carried out in Kottathala community of Mylom Gramapanchayat, Kottarakkara to analyse the peoples knowledge on HIV/AIDS, as well as attitudes towards HIV patients and actual sex practices for the control or prevention of HIV.Methods: A total of 150 participants were interviewed by using a predesigned questionnaire and responses were reviewed and analysed by using descriptive statistics namely total numbers and percentage.Results: Out of 150 participants females were more (84%) and most of them were under the age group of 18-30 years. Majority of the participants had higher degree of education (51.33%) as they are still youth. The overall participants had a higher degree of knowledge regarding HIV and most of them had a positive attitude towards the HIV patients. Around 84% of participants had history of sexual intercourse but majority of them (46%) never used condoms during sexual intercourse in which, 11.33% only using condom regularly. Most of them were following unsafe sexual practices.Conclusions: This study concludes that the surveyed general populations had high knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS and had risky sexual practices. 

scholarly journals ‘He came to her bed pretending courtship’: sex, courtship and the making of marriage in Ulster, 1750–1844

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (162) ◽  
pp. 244-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Presbyterian Church ◽  
Sex And Sexuality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Formed Part

AbstractThe history of sex and sexuality is underdeveloped in Irish historical studies, particularly for the period before the late-nineteenth century. While much has been written on rates of illegitimacy in Ireland, and its regional diversity, little research has been conducted on how ordinary women and men viewed sex and sexuality. Moreover, we still know little about the roles that sex played in the rituals of courtship and marriage. Drawing on a sample of Presbyterian church records, this article offers some new insights into these areas. It argues that sexual intercourse and other forms of sexual activity formed part of the normal courtship rituals for many young Presbyterian couples in Ulster. Courting couples participated in non-penetrative sexual practices, such as petting, groping and bundling. Furthermore, while sexual intercourse did not have a place in the formal route to marriage, many couples engaged in it regardless.

The History of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Kagaayi ◽  
David Serwadda
Keyword(s):  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hiv Aids

Lest We Forget: HIV/AIDS and Queer Theatre and Performance in Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIRK GINDT
Keyword(s):  
Research Project ◽  
Political Complexity ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Concordia University ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Hiv Aids

Lest We Forget, my current research project at Concordia University, critically analyses the history of queer theatre and performance as it intersects with the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Canada. Stretching over three decades and taking the country's bilingualism into consideration, its objectives are to study the aesthetic variety and political complexity of plays and performances that attend to the epidemic and to identify the multiple challenges faced by theatre artists and activists. Furthermore, the project explores the methodological and historiographical challenges when studying HIV/AIDS theatre and performance in a Canadian context.

scholarly journals Sexual behaviour and perception of HIV/AIDS among students in Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4162
Author(s):  
Wendy Chinwe Oliobi ◽  
Arinze Chidiebere Ikeotuonye ◽  
Johnbosco Ifunanya Nwafor ◽  
Malachy Chizoba Onyema ◽  
Bridget Nkiruka Uche-Nwidagu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
P Value ◽  
State University ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: The sexual behaviour and practice increases the chances of contracting sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS. Knowledge and perception of HIV/AIDS may be a determinant to sexual behaviour of the young adults. There this study aims to evaluate the sexual behaviour and perception of HIV/AIDS among university undergraduates of the Ebonyi State University Abakaliki.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted between 5th March 2016 and 30th March 2016 among 406 undergraduates. An anonymous, self-administered, pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data from the participants. Statistical analysis was done using Epi Info 7.2.1.Results: The modal age group for sex debut was 20-24 years while the mean age at coitache among the study group was 20.2±4.6 years. More than a half of the respondents 173 (56.7%) had only one sex partner while the remaining had two or more sexual partners. Condom use in the last sexual intercourse was low as just more than a third of the respondents used condoms in their last sexual intercourse. Almost all the student had heard of HIV/AIDS 403 (99.3%). The mass media was the commonest source of obtaining information with regards HIV/AIDS among the study population. Males are more likely to have had sex compared to the female sex. Student who take alcohol regularly and those that take tobacco in any form were also more likely to have had sex compared to those who do not take alcohol or tobacco, (p value <0.0001).Conclusions: Sex is a common practice among the study population. Majority engage in risky sexual practices. There is an urgent need to improve the campaign on safer sex using the mass media as a veritable medium. 

HIV/AIDS Policies and Modernity in Brazil and South Africa: a Comparative Critical Analysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Katito
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Aids Pandemic ◽  
Care Policies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hiv Aids

This chapter compares HIV/AIDS policies in Brazil and South Africa over the thirty-year history of the epidemic, focusing on the period between the mid-1980s and the early 2000s. The discussion lays emphasis on the largely divergent policy responses of the two states to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The chapter begins with an overview of Brazil and South Africa's HIV/AIDS policies, along with critical factors that explain why, despite being two similar societies, they responded so differently to the epidemic. These factors include the nature and the timing of democratic transition and the relatively stronger Brazilian civil society. The chapter argues that Brazil acted far more aggressively than South Africa against the HIV/AIDS epidemic by implementing comprehensive prevention, treatment and care policies. As a result, the Brazilian government has been able to contain the spread of the virus across its population. In contrast, negligence, denial, delay and fragmentation have considerably exacerbated the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa.

scholarly journals TRANSEXUAL “WOMANHOOD” AND THE EMERGENCE OF TRANSFEMINISM: RHETORICS OF HIV/AIDS IN THE LIGHT OF THE QUEER THEORY

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Daniella de Abreu ◽  
Ednaldo Cavalcante de Araújo ◽  
Eliane Maria Ribeiro de Vasconcelos ◽  
Jefferson Wildes da Silva Moura ◽  
Josueida de Carvalho Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Queer Theory ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Imminent Risk ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the female transsexual identity and the emergence of transfeminism through the context of vulnerability to HIV / AIDS in light of the Queer Theory. Method: a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study based on the Queer Theory, carried out in a reference hospital for HIV/AIDS in the State of Pernambuco (Brazil), developed with six young transsexual women. The interviews were analyzed in the IRaMuTeQ software via the similarity analysis method. Results: the relation of male domination through the subordination of the transsexual woman, which originates in the binary, sexist and male chauvinistic heteronormative model, is emphasized. The context of vulnerability to HIV / AIDS is evidenced as a naturalized phenomenon of violence to the young "queer" woman, especially with precarious living conditions, history of family rejection, sexual violence and informal prostitution work. Lack of support from the social network and the imminent risk of transphobic violence result in damage to their physical and mental integrity. The following categories were observed: Emergence of transfeminism through symbolic violence and female transsexual identity and the context of vulnerability. Conclusion: the social impacts of the minimal state policy, social class cohesion (binarism, sexism, racism and male chauvinism), unequal social capital and culture of abjection of transsexual women reflect the context of the HIV / AIDS epidemic and inequalities that result in individual, contextual and programmatic vulnerability and in factors which limit the attainment of a healthy life.

scholarly journals Adrenal Insufficiency: A Forgotten Diagnosis in HIV/AIDS Patients in Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Nassoro ◽  
Mkhoi L. Mkhoi ◽  
Issa Sabi ◽  
Alfred J. Meremo ◽  
Paul S. Lawala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Adrenal Crisis ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Hiv Aids

Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is one of the most common endocrine disease in patients with HIV/AIDS, leading to high morbidity and mortality in HIV patients who become critically ill. Various etiologies are associated with the condition, including cytomegalovirus (CMV), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, lymphoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma, and drugs such as rifampin, among others. HIV patients with advanced disease develop relative cortisol deficiency largely due to the reduction of cortisol reserve, which predisposes patients to adrenal crisis in periods of stress or critical illness. The prevalence of AI in HIV/AIDS patients during HAART era is higher in developing than developed countries, probably due to limited access to both diagnosis and adequate treatments which increases the risk of opportunistic infections. The clinical features of functional adrenal insufficiency in HIV/AIDS patients can be masked by various infectious, noninfectious, and iatrogenic causes, which reduce clinical recognition of the condition. Development of simple screening algorithms may help clinicians reach the diagnosis when approaching these patients. In many low-income countries, most HIV patients are diagnosed with advanced disease; thus, further research is necessary to elucidate the prevalence of adrenal insufficiency in HIV/AIDS patients and the condition’s impact on mortality in this population.

Oral manifestations of HIV–AIDS in Nigerian patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate O Anteyi ◽  
Tom D Thacher ◽  
Stephen Yohanna ◽  
John I Idoko
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
History Of ◽  
Advanced Disease Stage ◽  
Hiv Aids

Because of the unique features of the AIDS epidemic in West Africa, we sought to determine if the spectrum of oral lesions among Nigerian patients with HIV-AIDS differs from that found in other regions. Of 500 patients examined, 266 (53%) had oral lesions. Lesions due to candidiasis were present in 244 (49%), while other oral lesions were infrequent (<3% for each of the other types). Oral lesions were associated with advanced disease stage ( P < 0.001), a history of urethritis in men ( P < 0.001), and alcohol ( P < 0.001) and tobacco use ( P = 0.03). A significantly lower prevalence of oral lesions (6%) was found among the 32 patients receiving antiretroviral drug treatment.

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