Emerging Technologies for Non-invasive Monitoring of Treatment Response to Immunotherapy for Brain Tumors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Mathios ◽  
Siddhartha Srivastava ◽  
Timothy Kim ◽  
Chetan Bettegowda ◽  
Michael Lim
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive

Non-Invasive Monitoring of Urinary KRAS Circulating Tumor DNA for Treatment Response and Minimal Residual Disease in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19092-e19092 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Michael Randall ◽  
Mark G. Erlander ◽  
Cecile Rose T. Vibat ◽  
Saege Hancock ◽  
Vlada Melnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Minimal Residual Disease ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tumor Dna ◽  
Minimal Residual

scholarly journals Non-invasive monitoring of arthritis treatment response via targeting of tyrosine-phosphorylated annexin A2 in chondrocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaw-Wei D. Tsen ◽  
Luke E. Springer ◽  
Krishna Sharmah Gautam ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
Kexian Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Annexin A2 ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Background The development and optimization of therapies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is currently hindered by a lack of methods for early non-invasive monitoring of treatment response. Annexin A2, an inflammation-associated protein whose presence and phosphorylation levels are upregulated in RA, represents a potential molecular target for tracking RA treatment response. Methods LS301, a near-infrared dye-peptide conjugate that selectively targets tyrosine 23-phosphorylated annexin A2 (pANXA2), was evaluated for its utility in monitoring disease progression, remission, and early response to drug treatment in mouse models of RA by fluorescence imaging. The intraarticular distribution and localization of LS301 relative to pANXA2 was determined by histological and immunohistochemical methods. Results In mouse models of spontaneous and serum transfer-induced inflammatory arthritis, intravenously administered LS301 showed selective accumulation in regions of joint pathology including paws, ankles, and knees with positive correlation between fluorescent signal and disease severity by clinical scoring. Whole-body near-infrared imaging with LS301 allowed tracking of spontaneous disease remission and the therapeutic response after dexamethasone treatment. Histological analysis showed preferential accumulation of LS301 within the chondrocytes and articular cartilage in arthritic mice, and colocalization was observed between LS301 and pANXA2 in the joint tissue. Conclusions We demonstrate that fluorescence imaging with LS301 can be used to monitor the progression, remission, and early response to drug treatment in mouse models of RA. Given the ease of detecting LS301 with portable optical imaging devices, the agent may become a useful early treatment response reporter for arthritis diagnosis and drug evaluation.

Is non-invasive monitoring for detection of heart transplant rejection and cardiac vasculopathy reliable?

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Usta ◽  
C Burgstahler ◽  
S Schröder ◽  
A Küttner ◽  
A Kopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Transplant Rejection ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Heart Transplant Rejection

scholarly journals TAMI-08. A TALE OF TWO TELOMERE MAINTENANCE MECHANISMS: TERT EXPRESSION AND THE ALT PATHWAY INDUCE UNIQUE MRS-DETECTABLE METABOLIC REPROGRAMMING IN LOW-GRADE GLIOMAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii214-ii214
Author(s):  
Pavithra Viswanath ◽  
Georgios Batsios ◽  
Anne Marie Gillespie ◽  
Hema Artee Luchman ◽  
Joseph Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Telomere Maintenance ◽  
Imaging Biomarker ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tumor Proliferation ◽  
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Tert Expression

Abstract Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at chromosomal ends that shorten with cell division and constitute a natural barrier to proliferation. In order to proliferate indefinitely, all tumors require a telomere maintenance mechanism (TMM). Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression is the TMM in most tumors, including low-grade oligodendrogliomas (LGOGs). In contrast, low-grade astrocytomas (LGAs) use the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway as their TMM. As molecular hallmarks of tumor proliferation, TMMs are attractive tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Non-invasive imaging of TMM status will, therefore, allow assessment of tumor proliferation and treatment response. However, translational methods of imaging TMM status are lacking. Here, we show that TERT expression and the ALT pathway are associated with unique magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-detectable metabolic reprogramming in LGOGs and LGAs respectively. In genetically-engineered and patient-derived LGOG models, TERT expression is linked to elevated 1H-MRS-detectable NAD(P)/H, glutathione, aspartate and AXP. In contrast, the ALT pathway in LGAs is associated with higher α-ketoglutarate, glutamate, alanine and AXP. Importantly, elevated flux of hyperpolarized [1-13C]-alanine to pyruvate, which depends on α-ketoglutarate, is a non-invasive in vivo imaging biomarker of the ALT pathway in LGAs while elevated flux of hyperpolarized [1-13C]-alanine to lactate, which depends on NADH, is an imaging biomarker of TERT expression in LGOGs. Mechanistically, the ALT pathway in LGAs is linked to higher glutaminase (GLS), a key enzyme for α-ketoglutarate biosynthesis while TERT expression in LGOGs is associated with elevated nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), a key enzyme for NADH biosynthesis. Notably, TERT expression and the ALT pathway are linked to MRS-detectable metabolic reprogramming in LGOG and LGA patient biopsies, emphasizing the clinical validity of our observations. Collectively, we have identified unique metabolic signatures of TMM status that integrate critical oncogenic information with noninvasive imaging modalities that can improve diagnosis and treatment response monitoring for LGOG and LGA patients.

scholarly journals Methodology: non-invasive monitoring system based on standing wave ratio for detecting water content variations in plants

Plant Methods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjeong Yang ◽  
Ji Eun Kim ◽  
Hak Jin Song ◽  
Eun Bin Lee ◽  
Yong-Keun Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Content Variation ◽  
Stem Water

Abstract Background Water content variation during plant growth is one of the most important monitoring parameters in plant studies. Conventional parameters (such as dry weight) are unreliable; thus, the development of rapid, accurate methods that will allow the monitoring of water content variation in live plants is necessary. In this study, we aimed to develop a non-invasive, radiofrequency-based monitoring system to rapidly and accurately detect water content variation in live plants. The changes in standing wave ratio (SWR) caused by the presence of stem water and magnetic particles in the stem water flow were used as the basis of plant monitoring systems. Results The SWR of a coil probe was used to develop a non-invasive monitoring system to detect water content variation in live plants. When water was added to the live experimental plants with or without illumination under drought conditions, noticeable SWR changes at various frequencies were observed. When a fixed frequency (1.611 GHz) was applied to a single experimental plant (Radermachera sinica), a more comprehensive monitoring, such as water content variation within the plant and the effect of illumination on water content, was achieved. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that the SWR of a coil probe could be used as a real-time, non-invasive, non-destructive parameter for detecting water content variation and practical vital activity in live plants. Our non-invasive monitoring method based on SWR may also be applied to various plant studies.

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