Antigen-based immunotherapies do not prevent progression of recent-onset autoimmune diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AbstractA significant number of studies invoked diabetes as a risk factor for virus infections, but the issue remains controversial. We aimed to examine whether non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus enhances the risk of virus infections compared with the risk in healthy individuals without non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assessed case-control and cohort studies on the association between non-autoimmune diabetes and viruses. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science with no language restriction, to identify articles published until February 15, 2021. The main outcome assessment was the risk of virus infection in individuals with non-autoimmune diabetes. We used a random-effects model to pool individual studies and assessed heterogeneity (I2) using the χ2 test on Cochrane’s Q statistic. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42019134142. Out of 3136 articles identified, we included 68 articles (90 studies, as the number of virus and or diabetes phenotype varied between included articles). The summary OR between non-autoimmune diabetes and virus infections risk were, 10.8(95% CI: 10.3–11.4; 1-study) for SARS-CoV-2; 3.6(95%CI: 2.7–4.9, I2 = 91.7%; 43-studies) for HCV; 2.7(95% CI: 1.3–5.4, I2 = 89.9%, 8-studies;) for HHV8; 2.1(95% CI: 1.7–2.5; 1-study) for H1N1 virus; 1.6(95% CI: 1.2–2.13, I2 = 98.3%, 27-studies) for HBV; 1.5(95% CI: 1.1–2.0; 1-study) for HSV1; 3.5(95% CI: 0.6–18.3 , I2 = 83.9%, 5-studies) for CMV; 2.9(95% CI: 1–8.7, 1-study) for TTV; 2.6(95% CI: 0.7–9.1, 1-study) for Parvovirus B19; 0.7(95% CI: 0.3–1.5 , 1-study) for coxsackie B virus; and 0.2(95% CI: 0–6.2; 1-study) for HGV. Our findings suggest that, non-autoimmune diabetes is associated with increased susceptibility to viruses especially SARS-CoV-2, HCV, HHV8, H1N1 virus, HBV and HSV1. Thus, these viruses deserve more attention from diabetes health-care providers, researchers, policy makers, and stakeholders for improved detection, overall proper management, and efficient control of viruses in people with non-autoimmune diabetes.

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Prevalence of potential respiratory symptoms in survivors of hospital admission after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis

Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽

10.1177/14799731211002240 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

pp. 147997312110022

Author(s):

Kevin Cares-Marambio ◽

Yessenia Montenegro-Jiménez ◽

Rodrigo Torres-Castro ◽

Roberto Vera-Uribe ◽

Yolanda Torralba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Chest Pain ◽

Hospital Admission ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Data Synthesis ◽

Recent Onset ◽

Persistent Symptoms

Knowledge on the sequelae of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains limited due to the relatively recent onset of this pathology. However, the literature on other types of coronavirus infections prior to COVID-19 reports that patients may experience persistent symptoms after discharge. To determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in survivors of hospital admission after COVID-19 infection. A living systematic review of five databases was performed in order to identify studies which reported the persistence of respiratory symptoms in COVID-19 patients after discharge. Two independent researchers reviewed and analysed the available literature, and then extracted and assessed the quality of those articles. Of the 1,154 reports returned by the initial search nine articles were found, in which 1,816 patients were included in the data synthesis. In the pooled analysis, we found a prevalence of 0.52 (CI 0.38–0.66, p < 0.01, I 2 = 97%), 0.37 (CI 0.28–0.48, p < 0.01, I 2 = 93%), 0.16 (CI 0.10–0.23, p < 0.01, I 2 = 90%) and 0.14 (CI 0.06–0.24, p < 0.01, I 2 = 96%) for fatigue, dyspnoea, chest pain, and cough, respectively. Fatigue, dyspnoea, chest pain, and cough were the most prevalent respiratory symptoms found in 52%, 37%, 16% and 14% of patients between 3 weeks and 3 months, after discharge in survivors of hospital admission by COVID-19, respectively.

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Association of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles with type 1 (autoimmune) diabetes in African Arabs: systematic review and meta-analysis

Immunological Investigations ◽

10.1080/08820139.2018.1493498 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 130-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Abdelhafidh Hajjej ◽

Wassim Y. Almawi ◽

Mouna Stayoussef ◽

Antonio Arnaiz-Villena ◽

Lasmar Hattab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Autoimmune Diabetes ◽

Meta Analysis

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Pharmacologic cardioversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

EP Europace ◽

10.1093/europace/euaa024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 854-869 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ian S deSouza ◽

Mina Tadrous ◽

Theresa Sexton ◽

Roshanak Benabbas ◽

Guy Carmelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Sinus Rhythm ◽

English Language ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Review ◽

Placebo Control ◽

Recent Onset ◽

Onset Atrial Fibrillation

Abstract Aims We sought to identify the most effective antidysrhythmic drug for pharmacologic cardioversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods and results We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to March 2019, limited to human subjects and English language. We also searched for unpublished data. We limited studies to randomized controlled trials that enrolled adult patients with AF ≤ 48 h and compared antidysrhythmic agents, placebo, or control. We determined these outcomes prior to data extraction: (i) rate of conversion to sinus rhythm within 24 h, (ii) time to cardioversion to sinus rhythm, (iii) rate of significant adverse events, and (iv) rate of thromboembolism within 30 days. We extracted data according to PRISMA-NMA and appraised selected trials using the Cochrane review handbook. The systematic review initially identified 640 studies; 30 met inclusion criteria. Twenty-one trials that randomized 2785 patients provided efficacy data for the conversion rate outcome. Bayesian network meta-analysis using a random-effects model demonstrated that ranolazine + amiodarone intravenous (IV) [odds ratio (OR) 39.8, 95% credible interval (CrI) 8.3–203.1], vernakalant (OR 22.9, 95% CrI 3.7–146.3), flecainide (OR 16.9, 95% CrI 4.1–73.3), amiodarone oral (OR 10.2, 95% CrI 3.1–36.0), ibutilide (OR 7.9, 95% CrI 1.2–52.5), amiodarone IV (OR 5.4, 95% CrI 2.1–14.6), and propafenone (OR 4.1, 95% CrI 1.7–10.5) were associated with significantly increased likelihood of conversion within 24 h when compared to placebo/control. Overall quality was low, and the network exhibited inconsistency. Probabilistic analysis ranked vernakalant and flecainide high and propafenone and amiodarone IV low. Conclusion For pharmacologic cardioversion of recent-onset AF within 24 h, there is insufficient evidence to determine which treatment is superior. Vernakalant and flecainide may be relatively more efficacious agents. Propafenone and IV amiodarone may be relatively less efficacious. Further high-quality study is necessary.

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