Abstract
Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement-associated renal cell carcinoma (ALK-RCC) is a very rare tumor and no single case report of ALK-RCC that mimics mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) has been reported.Case presentation: A 42-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of a left renal tumor measuring approximately 5 × 4 cm in diameter. She underwent a laparoscopic left nephrectomy. Histologically, the tumor formed tubular or focally papillary structures with a small amount of spindle-shaped tumor cells against the background of prominent extracellular mucin. Although the tumor cells were negative for immunohistochemistry (IHC) of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) and lymph node metastasis was presented (these are atypical findings for MTSCC), we initially diagnosed the tumor as MTSCC based on its morphological characteristics with mucin deposition. However, an additional IHC analysis revealed that the tumor cells were diffusely positive for ALK-IHC. In addition, TPM3 exon 8 – ALK exon 20 fusion gene was detected by RNA sequencing. The tumor was thus correctly diagnosed as ALK rearrangement-associated renal cell carcinoma (ALK-RCC). Conclusions: Since the use of molecular targeted therapy with an ALK inhibitor for ALK-RCC is promising, the correct pathological diagnosis of ALK-RCC is quite important. We strongly recommend that ALK-IHC be routinely performed for renal tumors with negative AMACR staining that mimic MTSCC.
Anaplastic Lymphoma Masquerading as Sclerosing Mesenteritis: A Case Report
