Characterization of gene expression regulated by human OTK18 using Drosophila melanogaster as a model system for innate immunity

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cole R. Spresser ◽  
Sarah E. Marshall ◽  
Kimberly A. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Model System

scholarly journals Comparative approaches to the study of physiology: Drosophila as a physiological tool

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (3) ◽  
pp. R177-R188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendi S. Neckameyer ◽  
Kathryn J. Argue
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Model System ◽  
Critical Questions ◽  
Developmental Signaling ◽  
Shed Light

Numerous studies have detailed the extensive conservation of developmental signaling pathways between the model system, Drosophila melanogaster, and mammalian models, but researchers have also profited from the unique and highly tractable genetic tools available in this system to address critical questions in physiology. In this review, we have described contributions that Drosophila researchers have made to mathematical dynamics of pattern formation, cardiac pathologies, the way in which pain circuits are integrated to elicit responses from sensation, as well as the ways in which gene expression can modulate diverse behaviors and shed light on human cognitive disorders. The broad and diverse array of contributions from Drosophila underscore its translational relevance to modeling human disease.

Characterization of a novel Drosophila melanogaster cis -regulatory module that drives gene expression to the larval tracheal system and adult thoracic musculature

genesis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. e23222
Author(s):  
Jorge Victor Wilfredo Cachay Wester ◽  
Carlos Antonio Couto Lima ◽  
Maiaro Cabral Rosa Machado ◽  
Patrícia Vieira Zampar ◽  
Simone Sakagute Tavares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Regulatory Module

Characterization of gene expression associated with the adaptation of the nematode C. elegans to hypoxia and reoxygenation stress reveals an unexpected function of the neuroglobin GLB-5 in innate immunity

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 858-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binyamin Zuckerman‎ ◽  
Zohar Abergel ◽  
Veronica Zelmanovich ◽  
Leonor Romero ◽  
Rachel Abergel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
C Elegans

Redundant and cryptic enhancer activities of the Drosophila yellow gene

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizem Kalay ◽  
Jennifer Lachowiec ◽  
Ulises Rosas ◽  
Mackenzie R. Dome ◽  
Patricia Wittkopp
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Model System ◽  
Drosophila Species ◽  
Drosophila Pseudoobscura ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Phenotypic Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
And Function

Abstractcis-regulatory sequences known as enhancers play a key role in regulating gene expression. Evolutionary changes in these DNA sequences contribute to phenotypic evolution. The Drosophila yellow gene, which is required for pigmentation, has emerged as a model system for understanding how cis-regulatory sequences evolve, providing some of the most detailed insights available into how activities of orthologous enhancers have diverged between species. Here, we examine the evolution of yellow cis-regulatory sequences on a broader scale by comparing the distribution and function of yellow enhancer activities throughout the 5’ intergenic and intronic sequences of Drosophila melanogaster, Drosophila pseudoobscura, and Drosophila willistoni. We find that cis-regulatory sequences driving expression in a particular tissue are not as modular as previously described, but rather have many redundant and cryptic enhancer activities distributed throughout the regions surveyed. Interestingly, cryptic enhancer activities of sequences from one species often drove patterns of expression observed in other species, suggesting that the frequent evolutionary changes in yellow expression observed among Drosophila species may be facilitated by gaining and losing repression of pre-existing cis-regulatory sequences.

scholarly journals A Gain-of-Function Screen Identifying Genes Required for Growth and Pattern Formation of the Drosophila melanogaster Wing

Genetics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 1005-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Cruz ◽  
Alvaro Glavic ◽  
Mar Casado ◽  
Jose F. de Celis
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Longitudinal Vein ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Ectopic Gene Expression ◽  
Insertion Sites ◽  
Wing Growth

The Drosophila melanogaster wing is a model system for analyzing the genetic control of organ size, shape, and pattern formation. The formation of the wing involves a variety of processes, such as cell growth, proliferation, pattern formation, and differentiation. These developmental processes are under genetic control, and many genes participating in specific aspects of wing development have already being characterized. In this work, we aim to identify novel genes regulating wing growth and patterning. To this end, we have carried out a gain-of-function screen generating novel P-UAS (upstream activating sequences) insertions allowing forced gene expression. We produced 3340 novel P-UAS insertions and isolated 300 that cause a variety of wing phenotypes in combination with a Gal4 driver expressed exclusively in the central domain of the presumptive wing blade. The mapping of these P-UAS insertion sites allowed us to identify the gene that causes the gain-of-function phenotypes. We show that a fraction of these phenotypes are related to the induction of cell death in the domain of ectopic gene expression. Finally, we present a preliminary characterization of a gene identified in the screen, the function of which is required for the development of the L5 longitudinal vein.

scholarly journals Interplay of pericentromeric genome organization and chromatin landscape regulates the expression of Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatic genes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parna Saha ◽  
Divya Tej Sowpati ◽  
Ishanee Srivastava ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genome Organization ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Pericentromeric Heterochromatin ◽  
Chromatin Interactions ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Epigenetic Code ◽  
Heterochromatic Genes

AbstractTranscription of heterochromatic genes residing within the constitutive heterochromatin is paradoxical to the tenets of the epigenetic code. Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatic genes serve as an excellent model system to understand the mechanisms of their transcriptional regulation. Recent developments in chromatin conformation techniques have revealed that genome organization regulates the transcriptional outputs. Thus, using 5C-seq in S2 cells, we present a detailed characterization of the hierarchical genome organization of Drosophila pericentromeric heterochromatin and its contribution to heterochromatic gene expression. We show that pericentromeric TAD borders are enriched in nuclear Matrix attachment regions while the intra-TAD interactions are mediated by various insulator binding proteins. Heterochromatic genes of similar expression levels cluster into Het TADs which indicates their transcriptional co-regulation. To elucidate how heterochromatic factors, influence the expression of heterochromatic genes, we performed 5C-seq in the HP1a or Su(var)3-9 depleted cells. HP1a or Su(var)3-9 RNAi results in perturbation of global pericentromeric TAD organization but the expression of the heterochromatic genes is minimally affected. Subset of active heterochromatic genes have been shown to have combination of HP1a/H3K9me3 with H3K36me3 at their exons. Interestingly, the knock-down of dMES-4 (H3K36 methyltransferase), downregulates expression of the heterochromatic genes. This indicates that the local chromatin interactions and the combination of heterochromatic factors (HP1a or H3K9me3) along with the H3K36me3 is crucial to drive the expression of heterochromatic genes. Furthermore, dADD1, present near the TSS of the active heterochromatic genes, can bind to both H3K9me3 or HP1a and facilitate the heterochromatic gene expression by regulating the H3K36me3 levels. Therefore, our findings provide mechanistic insights into the interplay of genome organization and chromatin factors at the pericentromeric heterochromatin that regulates Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatic gene expression.

scholarly journals Insights into coral bleaching under heat stress from analysis of gene expression in a sea anemone model system

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (46) ◽  
pp. 28906-28917
Author(s):  
Phillip A. Cleves ◽  
Cory J. Krediet ◽  
Erik M. Lehnert ◽  
Masayuki Onishi ◽  
John R. Pringle
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Model System ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Early Stress ◽  
Endosymbiotic Algae

Loss of endosymbiotic algae (“bleaching”) under heat stress has become a major problem for reef-building corals worldwide. To identify genes that might be involved in triggering or executing bleaching, or in protecting corals from it, we used RNAseq to analyze gene-expression changes during heat stress in a coral relative, the sea anemone Aiptasia. We identified >500 genes that showed rapid and extensive up-regulation upon temperature increase. These genes fell into two clusters. In both clusters, most genes showed similar expression patterns in symbiotic and aposymbiotic anemones, suggesting that this early stress response is largely independent of the symbiosis. Cluster I was highly enriched for genes involved in innate immunity and apoptosis, and most transcript levels returned to baseline many hours before bleaching was first detected, raising doubts about their possible roles in this process. Cluster II was highly enriched for genes involved in protein folding, and most transcript levels returned more slowly to baseline, so that roles in either promoting or preventing bleaching seem plausible. Many of the genes in clusters I and II appear to be targets of the transcription factors NFκB and HSF1, respectively. We also examined the behavior of 337 genes whose much higher levels of expression in symbiotic than aposymbiotic anemones in the absence of stress suggest that they are important for the symbiosis. Unexpectedly, in many cases, these expression levels declined precipitously long before bleaching itself was evident, suggesting that loss of expression of symbiosis-supporting genes may be involved in triggering bleaching.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document