Gender differences in the Canadian economy, with some comparisons to the United States (Part I: Labour force characteristics)

This study uses measures of cognitive and expressive aspects of gender as a social identity from the General Social Survey to examine whether and how they relate to religiosity. I find that religiosity is clearly gendered, but in different ways for women and men. Consistent with the feminine-typing of religion in the Christian-majority context of the United States, gender expression is linked with more religiousness among women but not men. Consistent with religion being a sometimes patriarchal institution, those with more pride in being men are more religious. I conclude that religiosity is gendered, that degendering and secularization processes could go hand-in-hand, and that future research on gender differences in religiosity should further examine variation among women and among men.

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Education and Health across Lives and Cohorts: A Study of Cumulative (Dis)advantage and Its Rising Importance in Germany

Journal of Health and Social Behavior ◽

10.1177/0022146517751206 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 94-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Liliya Leopold ◽

Thomas Leopold

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Panel Study ◽

The United States ◽

Contextual Influences ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Education And Health ◽

Health Trajectories ◽

The Life Course ◽

Educational Gaps

Research from the United States has supported two hypotheses. First, educational gaps in health widen with age—the cumulative (dis)advantage hypothesis. Second, this relationship has intensified across cohorts—the rising importance hypothesis. In this article, we used 23 waves of panel data (Socio-Economic Panel Study, 1992–2014) to examine both hypotheses in the German context. We considered individual and contextual influences on the association between education and health, and we assessed gender differences in health trajectories over the life course (ages 23 to 84) and across cohorts (born between 1930 and 1969). For women, we found no support for either hypothesis, as educational gaps in self-rated health remained stable with age and across cohorts. Among men, we found support for both hypotheses, as educational gaps in self-rated health widened with age and increasingly in newer cohorts.

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Awash in the Storm of National Revolution

Redemption and Revolution ◽

10.7591/cornell/9780801451393.003.0005 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Motoe Sasaki

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Gender Differences ◽

The United States ◽

Women Missionaries ◽

New Developments ◽

New Women ◽

New Ideas

This chapter explores the aftermath of the collapse of the Wilsonian moment and its uneven and gendered effects on American New Women missionaries' enterprises in the Nationalist Revolution period (1924–27). It was at this time that the missionaries came to feel the power of the national revolution movement and found their projects were being reframed within new ideas and articulated in a new vocabulary that had become current in China. In taking such changes into account, they had to interpret and respond to new developments and ultimately reconsider their own perceptions of the United States and the very nature of their existence in China. Local Chinese resistance to their educational projects and institutions directed toward American New Women missionaries also brought into play gender differences and issues among the Chinese themselves and consequently made the difficulties facing the missionaries all the more complex and entrenched.

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Gender Differences in Millennial Consumers of Latin America Associated with Conspicuous Consumption of New Luxury Goods

Global Business Review ◽

10.1177/0972150920909002 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 097215092090900

Author(s):

Gustavo Barrera Verdugo ◽

Héctor R. Ponce

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Latin America ◽

University Students ◽

Conspicuous Consumption ◽

The United States ◽

Social Contexts ◽

Marketing Strategies ◽

Luxury Goods ◽

Luxury Products

Conspicuous consumption has been studied in the millennial generation in the United States and Asia; in Latin America, however, it has scarcely been analysed. The purpose of this study is to examine whether conspicuous motivations in millennial consumers are more prominent in men than in women associated with the consumption of new luxury goods in Latin America. A survey was developed to measure conspicuous motivation, more specifically, bandwagon and snob effects. It was responded by 712 university students located in five different cities in Chile. The findings of the study showed that the bandwagon and snob motivations were higher in men than in women. Men also showed a greater tendency than women to purchase and use new luxury products in social contexts. These results suggest that managers could adjust their marketing strategies to better target millennial consumers of new luxury products.

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