Awash in the Storm of National Revolution

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoe Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women Missionaries ◽  
New Developments ◽  
New Women ◽  
New Ideas

This chapter explores the aftermath of the collapse of the Wilsonian moment and its uneven and gendered effects on American New Women missionaries' enterprises in the Nationalist Revolution period (1924–27). It was at this time that the missionaries came to feel the power of the national revolution movement and found their projects were being reframed within new ideas and articulated in a new vocabulary that had become current in China. In taking such changes into account, they had to interpret and respond to new developments and ultimately reconsider their own perceptions of the United States and the very nature of their existence in China. Local Chinese resistance to their educational projects and institutions directed toward American New Women missionaries also brought into play gender differences and issues among the Chinese themselves and consequently made the difficulties facing the missionaries all the more complex and entrenched.

Science as the Key to Modern Progress

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoe Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women Missionaries ◽  
New Women ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Modernization Process

This chapter shows how the notion of modern science brought to China by American New Women missionaries in the form of medicine and nursing generated concrete responses from their Chinese counterparts. The notion of science as a universally applicable and fundamentally egalitarian element for the development of a modern society and its constituents was increasingly influential in both the United States and China during the early twentieth century. Consequently, American New Women missionaries were able to establish their status as scientific professionals whose expertise could contribute to China's modernization process. At the same time, however, their faith in the new notion of science brought with it the idea of “separate but equal” gender roles, which brought them into conflict with many of their male counterparts from the United States who wanted to compete with other imperial powers to gain influence in China.

Lost in the Paradigm of World History

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoe Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Memory ◽  
World History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women Missionaries ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
New Women ◽  
Global Relations

This chapter discusses the eventual repatriation of American New Women missionaries. After they returned to the United States, many of them felt lost in their own country. There was also a profound difference between the views of returning American New Women missionaries and the general American public about the United States' role in world history. The chapter also raises the important question of how and why the experiences of New Women in both the United States and China fell into oblivion in the post-World War II era. The erasure of their experiences from public memory suggests that the politics of world history has not relaxed its grip on shaping global relations in a unipolar, bipolar, or even multipolar world.

Divergent Paths of Historical Progress

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoe Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women Missionaries ◽  
New Women ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Historical Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire World

During the late 1920s and early 1930s, American New Women became more aware of the widening psychological gap between them and their Chinese counterparts. This chapter explores the transformation that occurred among these women regarding their understanding of historical progress, perceptions of their country, and ideas about their own role in China. It was also during this same period, one of national revolution, that the Great Depression exposed the failure of the capitalist economic system (strongly associated with the United States) to the entire world and triggered a change in American New Women missionaries' views toward the place their country occupied in the historical progress of the world. As a result, Chinese xin nüxing began turning their interest away from becoming like American New Women missionaries—urban middle-class professionals. Instead, they became increasingly sympathetic to the plight of the poor, especially those in the countryside, and to the idea of socialism.

United States Internationalism and Chinese Modernity

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoe Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women Missionaries ◽  
Chinese Modernity ◽  
Liberal Internationalism ◽  
New Women ◽  
The World ◽  
New Generation

This chapter takes up the rising tide of internationalism in the United States during the 1910s and examines how a new generation of New Women, who entertained the international spirit buoyed by burgeoning Wilsonian liberal internationalism, perceived the United States' place in the world and their own role in China. Within U.S. borders, internationalism was first conceived as a way to consolidate its increasingly culturally diverse populace under the banner of universal democracy. It was in countries such as China that this notion of the universality of U.S. ideals and values was put to the test. In China, the new generation of internationally minded New Women missionaries found a pleasing reality—the existence of a favorable image of the United States—and became even more convinced of the validity of their internationalism. The favorable image of the United States also meant that American New Women missionaries could become desirable role models for Chinese women: at their institutions, Chinese xin nüxing students earnestly responded to the expectation of their teachers, and these young Chinese women evolved into genuine New Women in line with the principle put forth by American New Women missionaries.

Gender Differences in Leadership Positions Among Academic Nuclear Medicine Specialists in Canada and the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 212 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Moghimi ◽  
Kiran Khurshid ◽  
Sabeena Jalal ◽  
Sadia R. Qamar ◽  
Savvas Nicolaou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Leadership Positions
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