The role of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in the treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
J. Susie Woo ◽  
Jeffrey L. Probstfield
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Receptor Blockers

Telmisartan in High Cardiovascular Risk Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Asmar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Raas Blockade ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Current Guidelines

The worldwide morbidity and mortality burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is overwhelming and caused by increasing life expectancy and an epidemic of risk factors, including hypertension. Therapeutic options targeting different areas of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) to disrupt pathophysiological processes along the cardiovascular continuum are available. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are first-line treatments for CVD and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are suitable alternatives. Both ACE inhibitors and ARBs prevent CVD by lowering blood pressure (BP). Additionally, several studies have demonstrated that RAAS blockade can reduce cardiovascular risk beyond what might be expected from BP lowering alone. However, the ARBs are not all equally effective. Telmisartan is a long-lasting ARB that effectively controls BP over the full 24-hour period. Recently, the Ongoing telmisartan alone and in combination with ramipril global endpoint trial (ONTARGET) study showed that telmisartan reduces cardiovascular events in high cardiovascular risk patients similarly to the gold standard ACE inhibitor ramipril beyond BP lowering alone, but with a better tolerability. Based on the results of the ONTARGET and Telmisartan randomized assessment study in ACE intolerant subjects with cardiovascular disease (TRANSCEND) studies, telmisartan is indicated for the reduction of cardiovascular morbidity. This article aims to review current guidelines for the management of CVD and consider key data from clinical trials and clinical practice evaluating the role of telmisartan in CVD.

The Evolving Role of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Heart Failure

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-482
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Receptor Blockers

This continuing feature will update readers on recent developments in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy. Cardiovascular disease remains the number one killer in the US, and more clinical outcome trials have been conducted in cardiology than in any other field of medicine. Given this rapidly expanding knowledge base, pharmacists can have a significant impact on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease—if they keep current with developments in drug therapy.

A STUDY ON CORRELATION BETWEEN SYSTEMIC HYPERTENSION IN COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-84
Author(s):  
A. Yogalakshmee ◽  
Manimekalai Manimekalai ◽  
Saranya Devi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Blockers

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. (SARS-CoV-2), has affected more than seven million people worldwide. The virus enter the cell through angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2 receptor . Hypertension as well as cardiovascular disease coexist with COVID-19 have generated discussion on the management of patients with hypertension. Here we discuss the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection with ACE2 receptors, the cardiovascular system, and the kidney. Result showing evidence on the use of antihypertensive medication such as ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in SHTN patients with COVID-19.

Drug Interactions with Angiotensin Receptor Blockers: Role of Human Cytochromes P450

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 681-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruirui Yang ◽  
Zhiqiang Luo ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Mohan Sun ◽  
Ling Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Cytochromes P450 ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Blockers

scholarly journals Association of outpatient ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers and outcomes of acute respiratory illness: a retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e044010
Author(s):  
Molly Moore Jeffery ◽  
Nathan W Cummins ◽  
Timothy M Dempsey ◽  
Andrew H. Limper ◽  
Nilay D Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ace Inhibitors ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Receptor Blockers

ObjectivesEvaluate associations between ACE inhibitors (ACEis) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and clinical outcomes in acute viral respiratory illness (AVRI).DesignRetrospective cohort analysis of claims data.SettingThe USA; 2018–2019 influenza season.ParticipantsMain cohort: people with hypertension (HTN) taking an ACEi, ARB or other HTN medications, and experiencing AVRI. Falsification cohort: parallel cohort receiving elective knee or hip replacement.Main outcome measuresMain cohort: hospital admission, intensive care unit, acute respiratory distress (ARD), ARD syndrome and all-cause mortality. Falsification cohort: complications after surgery and all-cause mortality.ResultsThe main cohort included 236 843 episodes of AVRI contributed by 202 629 unique individuals. Most episodes were in women (58.9%), 81.4% in people with Medicare Advantage and 40.3% in people aged 75+ years. Odds of mortality were lower in the ACEi (0.78 (0.74 to 0.83)) and ARB (0.64 (0.61 to 0.68)) cohorts compared with other HTN medications. On all other outcomes, people taking ARBs (but not ACEis) had a >10% reduction in odds of inpatient stays compared with other HTN medications.In the falsification analysis (N=103 353), both ACEis (0.89 (0.80 to 0.98)) and ARBs (0.82 (0.74 to 0.91)) were associated with decreased odds of complications compared with other HTN medications; ARBs (0.64 (0.47 to 0.87)) but not ACEis (0.79 (0.60 to 1.05)) were associated with lower odds of death compared with other HTN medications.ConclusionsOutpatient use of ARBs was associated with better outcomes with AVRI compared with other medications for HTN. ACEis were associated with reduced risk of death, but with minimal or no reduction in risk of other complications. A falsification analysis conducted to provide context on the possible causal implications of these findings did not provide a clear answer. Further analysis using observational data will benefit from additional approaches to assess causal relationships between these drugs and outcomes in AVRI.

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