Telmisartan in High Cardiovascular Risk Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Asmar ◽  

The worldwide morbidity and mortality burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is overwhelming and caused by increasing life expectancy and an epidemic of risk factors, including hypertension. Therapeutic options targeting different areas of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) to disrupt pathophysiological processes along the cardiovascular continuum are available. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are first-line treatments for CVD and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are suitable alternatives. Both ACE inhibitors and ARBs prevent CVD by lowering blood pressure (BP). Additionally, several studies have demonstrated that RAAS blockade can reduce cardiovascular risk beyond what might be expected from BP lowering alone. However, the ARBs are not all equally effective. Telmisartan is a long-lasting ARB that effectively controls BP over the full 24-hour period. Recently, the Ongoing telmisartan alone and in combination with ramipril global endpoint trial (ONTARGET) study showed that telmisartan reduces cardiovascular events in high cardiovascular risk patients similarly to the gold standard ACE inhibitor ramipril beyond BP lowering alone, but with a better tolerability. Based on the results of the ONTARGET and Telmisartan randomized assessment study in ACE intolerant subjects with cardiovascular disease (TRANSCEND) studies, telmisartan is indicated for the reduction of cardiovascular morbidity. This article aims to review current guidelines for the management of CVD and consider key data from clinical trials and clinical practice evaluating the role of telmisartan in CVD.

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-482
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Howard

This continuing feature will update readers on recent developments in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy. Cardiovascular disease remains the number one killer in the US, and more clinical outcome trials have been conducted in cardiology than in any other field of medicine. Given this rapidly expanding knowledge base, pharmacists can have a significant impact on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease—if they keep current with developments in drug therapy.


2007 ◽  
pp. 425-432
Author(s):  
Pasquale Perrone-Filardi ◽  
Pierluigi Costanzo ◽  
Antonio Marzano ◽  
Paolo Cesarano ◽  
Paola Gargiulo ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-84
Author(s):  
A. Yogalakshmee ◽  
Manimekalai Manimekalai ◽  
Saranya Devi

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. (SARS-CoV-2), has affected more than seven million people worldwide. The virus enter the cell through angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2 receptor . Hypertension as well as cardiovascular disease coexist with COVID-19 have generated discussion on the management of patients with hypertension. Here we discuss the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection with ACE2 receptors, the cardiovascular system, and the kidney. Result showing evidence on the use of antihypertensive medication such as ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in SHTN patients with COVID-19.


Author(s):  
Maximilian Tscharre ◽  
Patricia P. Wadowski ◽  
Constantin Weikert ◽  
Joseph Pultar ◽  
Beate Eichelberger ◽  
...  

Abstract Background In patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are preferred over angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). However, in a recent pilot study, treatment with ACE inhibitors was associated with increased platelet reactivity compared to ARBs. Therefore, we sought to investigate the impact of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade with ACE inhibitors and ARBs on platelet aggregation in patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods On-treatment residual platelet reactivity in response to arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), SFLLRN, AYPGKF, and collagen was assessed by multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA) in 197 ACS patients on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and either prasugrel or ticagrelor. Results One hundred sixty-five (83.7%) patients were treated with ACE inhibitors, 32 (16.3%) with ARBs. On-treatment residual AA- and ADP-inducible platelet reactivity was significantly higher in patients with ACE inhibitors (both p < 0.05). Likewise, SFLLRN was significantly higher in patients with ACE inhibitors (p = 0.036) and there was a trend for higher AYPGKF- and collagen-inducible platelet reactivity (p = 0.053 and p = 0.082). The incidence of high on-treatment residual platelet reactivity AA was significantly higher in patients with ACE inhibitors (52 [31.5%] vs. 3 [9.4%] patients; p = 0.019). Conclusion ACE inhibitors are associated with increased on-treatment residual platelet reactivity in ACS patients with potent DAPT. Further clinical trials are needed to elucidate the role of RAAS blockade with ACE inhibitors and ARBs in ACS patients treated according to current standards.


Author(s):  
С.А. Лепехова ◽  
Е.А. Трофимова ◽  
С.В. Кирильчик ◽  
В.В. Киреева ◽  
Ю.К. Усольцев ◽  
...  

Изучение свободно циркулирующей митохондриальной ДНК (мтДНК) плазмы крови вызывает растущий интерес. Предполагается, что показатель мтДНК может быть перспективным клиническим биомаркёром оценки рисков течения заболеваний. Целью исследования явилась оценка взаимосвязи количественного показателя мтДНК со стадией заболевания и сердечно-сосудистым риском у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией (АГ). Методы. В исследовании участвовал 70 пациентов, которые были разделены на группу с АГ (n = 51) и контрольную группу практически здоровых пациентов (n = 19). Все пациенты подписали информированное согласие на обследование и обработку данных в рамках научного исследования. Проведена оценка демографических данных, длительности заболевания АГ, факторов риска, наследственности, уровня физической активности, антропометрических данных, лабораторное и инструментальное обследование. Оценка уровня мтДНК проведена методом количественной полимеразной цепной реакции. Использовали фрагмент мтДНК с праймерами FmtMinArc 5'-CTAAATAGCCCACACGTTCCC-3' и RmtMinArc 5'-AGAGCTCCCGTGAGTGGTTA-3'. Результаты. На основании проведенного исследования оценки взаимосвязи количественного показателя мтДНК в крови пациентов с АГ, выявлено, что независимо от стадии заболевания, достоверных различий в показателях уровня мтДНК не выявлено, однако отметим, что количество копий имело тенденцию к увеличению по сравнению с условно здоровыми пациентами. При анализе сердечно-сосудистого риска обнаружено, что количественный показатель мтДНК не зависит от стадии АГ. В то же время уровень мтДНК статистически значимо повышается у пациентов с АГ очень высокого сердечно-сосудистого риска по сравнению с условно здоровыми субъектами: Me (Q1; Q3) - 56731 (42531; 129375) копий/мл против 35156 (18325; 54956) копий/мл соответственно (p = 0,015). Заключение. Уровень мтДНК у пациентов с АГ может явиться маркёром сердечно-сосудистого риска. Учитывая ранее показанную патогенетическую роль уровня мтДНК при остром коронарном синдроме, следует продолжить анализ, чувствительность которого может быть повышена за счет включения количественных показателей содержания ядерной ДНК. Studying cell-free circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in blood plasma induces growing interest. It is assumed that an indicator of mtDNA may appear a promising clinical biomarker for assessment of the risks in the course of diseases. The aim of this study was evaluating the relationship between the quantitative indicator of mtDNA in the blood of patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and the stage of the disease and the cardiovascular risk. Methods The study included 70 patients who were divided into a group with AH (n = 51) and a control group of apparently healthy patients (n = 19). All patients signed the informed consent for examination and the processing of personal data as a part of the study. Demographic data, duration of hypertension, risk factors, heredity, physical activity, anthropometric data, results of slaboratory and instrumental examinations were recorded. Concentration of mtDNA was measured by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A mtDNA fragment with primers FmtMinArc 5'-CTAAATAGCCCACACGTTCCC-3' and RmtMinArc 5'-AGAGCTCCCGTGAGTGGTTA-3' was used. Results. Studying the relationships between the quantitative indicator of mtDNA in the blood and AH showed that there were no significant differences in the indicators for the level of mtDNA regardless of the AH stage. However, we noted that the number of copies tended to increase in comparison with that in conventionally healthy patients. Analysis of the cardiovascular risk showed that the quantitative indicator of mtDNA did not depend on the stage of hypertension. At the same time, the level of mtDNA was significantly increased in very high cardiovascular risk patients with AH as compared to conventionally healthy subjects: Me (LQ; UQ), 56731.2 (42531.25; 129375.0) copies/ml vs. 35156.00 (18325.00; 54956.00) copies/ml, respectively (p = 0.015). Conclusion. The level of mtDNA in AH patients is a potential a marker for cardiovascular risk as shown by the increase in mtDNA in very high cardiovascular risk patients. Taking into account the previously demonstrated pathogenetic role of the level of mtDNA in acute coronary syndrome, the analysis should be continued. The analysis sensitivity can be increased by inclusion of quantitative indicators for the content of nuclear DNA.


Author(s):  
V. I. Podzolkov ◽  
M. V. Pisarev ◽  
D. A. Zateyshchikova

Renin­angiotensin­aldosterone axis activation is an important mechanism of hypertension and its cardiovascular and renal complications. Angiotensin receptor blockers are considered among the first­choice antihypertensive drugs in Russia, European countries, and the USA. In addition to antihypertensive action, these drugs positively influence several components of the cardiovascular continuum and can be used for individualized management of high cardiovascular risk patients. The paper discusses the benefits of angiotensin receptor blockers use in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities. The paper includes a clinical case scenario revealing antihypertensive efficacy of telmisartan as an initial agent in a patient with high risk of cardiovascular events.


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