The effect of eye movement sonification on visual search patterns and anticipation in novices

Author(s):  
Maryam Khalaji ◽  
Mahin Aghdaei ◽  
Alireza Farsi ◽  
Alessandro Piras
Author(s):  
Mizhanim Mohamad Shahimin ◽  
Azalia Razali

To investigate the parameters of eye movement between ophthalmologists and optometrists while diagnosing digital fundus photographs, sixteen participants (eight ophthalmologists and eight optometrists) were recruited in this study. Every participant’s eye movement during diagnosis of a randomized set of fundus photographs displayed on an eye tracker were recorded. Fixation metrics (duration, count and rate) and scan path patterns were extracted from the eye tracker. These parameters of eye movement and correct diagnosis score were compared between both groups. Correlation analyses between fixation metrics and correct diagnosis score were also performed. Although fixation metrics between ophthalmologists and optometrists were not statistically different (p > 0.05), these parameters were statistically different when compared between different area of interests. Both participant groups had a similar correct diagnosis score. No correlation was found between fixation metrics and correct diagnosis score between both groups, except for total fixation duration and ophthalmologists’ diagnosis score of diabetic retinopathy photographs. The ophthalmologists’ scan paths were simpler, with larger saccades, and were distributed at the middle region of the photographs. Conversely, optometrists’ scan paths were extensive, with shorter saccades covering wider fundus areas, and were accumulated in some unrelated fundus areas. These findings indicated comparable efficiency and systematic visual search patterns between both the groups. Understanding visual search strategy could expedite the creation of a novel training routine for interpretation of ophthalmic diagnostic imaging.


Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Ricardo Palma Fraga ◽  
Ziho Kang ◽  
Jerry M. Crutchfield ◽  
Saptarshi Mandal

The role of the en route air traffic control specialist (ATCS) is vital to maintaining safety and efficiency within the National Airspace System (NAS). ATCSs must vigilantly scan the airspace under their control and adjacent airspaces using an En Route Automation Modernization (ERAM) radar display. The intent of this research is to provide an understanding of the expert controller visual search and aircraft conflict mitigation strategies that could be used as scaffolding methods during ATCS training. Interviews and experiments were conducted to elicit visual scanning and conflict mitigation strategies from the retired controllers who were employed as air traffic control instructors. The interview results were characterized and classified using various heuristics. In particular, representative visual scanpaths were identified, which accord with the interview results of the visual search strategies. The highlights of our findings include: (1) participants used systematic search patterns, such as circular, spiral, linear or quadrant-based, to extract operation-relevant information; (2) participants applied an information hierarchy when aircraft information was cognitively processed (altitude -> direction -> speed); (3) altitude or direction changes were generally preferred over speed changes when imminent potential conflicts were mitigated. Potential applications exist in the implementation of the findings into the training curriculum of candidates.


2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1386-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana S. AL Mousa ◽  
Patrick C. Brennan ◽  
Elaine A. Ryan ◽  
Warwick B. Lee ◽  
Jennifer Tan ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. A114-A115
Author(s):  
B. Barton ◽  
C. Kovesdi

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1317-1317
Author(s):  
B. Richard ◽  
D. Ellemberg ◽  
A. Johnson

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Ramey ◽  
Andrew P. Yonelinas ◽  
John M. Henderson

A hotly debated question is whether memory influences attention through conscious or unconscious processes. To address this controversy, we measured eye movements while participants searched repeated real-world scenes for embedded targets, and we assessed memory for each scene using confidence-based methods to isolate different states of subjective memory awareness. We found that memory-informed eye movements during visual search were predicted both by conscious recollection, which led to a highly precise first eye movement toward the remembered location, and by unconscious memory, which increased search efficiency by gradually directing the eyes toward the target throughout the search trial. In contrast, these eye movement measures were not influenced by familiarity-based memory (i.e., changes in subjective reports of memory strength). The results indicate that conscious recollection and unconscious memory can each play distinct and complementary roles in guiding attention to facilitate efficient extraction of visual information.


Author(s):  
Hayward J. Godwin ◽  
Michael C. Hout ◽  
Katrín J. Alexdóttir ◽  
Stephen C. Walenchok ◽  
Anthony S. Barnhart

AbstractExamining eye-movement behavior during visual search is an increasingly popular approach for gaining insights into the moment-to-moment processing that takes place when we look for targets in our environment. In this tutorial review, we describe a set of pitfalls and considerations that are important for researchers – both experienced and new to the field – when engaging in eye-movement and visual search experiments. We walk the reader through the research cycle of a visual search and eye-movement experiment, from choosing the right predictions, through to data collection, reporting of methodology, analytic approaches, the different dependent variables to analyze, and drawing conclusions from patterns of results. Overall, our hope is that this review can serve as a guide, a talking point, a reflection on the practices and potential problems with the current literature on this topic, and ultimately a first step towards standardizing research practices in the field.


1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Petrakis

This investigation analyzed the visual search patterns of novice and expert dance teachers when viewing a live performance of a dance composition. The hypotheses tested were that (a) experts would not differ from novices in the number of eye fixations and duration of each, (b) the number of fixations and duration of each would differ between dances, and (c) expert teachers’ search patterns would differ from those of novice teachers. The subjects were four experts who averaged 25.5 years of teaching, and five novice teachers who averaged 2.4 years. To determine the ocular fixation and scanning patterns of subjects, the NAC Eye Movement Recorder, a corneal reflection technique, was used. The films were analyzed using a computer program designed to collect the data. Two 2 × 2 (expertise and dances) analyses of variance were used to determine the differences in the number of fixations, duration of fixations, and differences of variable between dances. Chi-square was used to determine the location of scan patterns. Results indicated that the level of expertise did not influence the number or duration of each eye fixation, but the task being observed did influence these variables. Individual differences in visual scanning patterns were found among and within both groups.


2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Gall ◽  
Tobias Günther ◽  
Franziska Fuhrmans ◽  
Bernhard A. Sabel

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