scholarly journals CAR T cell therapy in solid tumors: a short review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Öykü Umut ◽  
Adrian Gottschlich ◽  
Stefan Endres ◽  
Sebastian Kobold
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Short Review ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Solid Malignancies ◽  
Car T

SummaryChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been established in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, in solid tumors its efficacy remains limited. The aim of this article is to give an overview of the field of cell therapy itself, to introduce the underlying concepts of CAR T cell-based treatment approaches and to address its limitations in advancing the treatment for solid malignancies.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells immunotherapy: challenges and opportunities in hematological malignancies

Immunotherapy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 1341-1357
Author(s):  
Nashwa El-Khazragy ◽  
Sherief Ghozy ◽  
Passant Emad ◽  
Mariam Mourad ◽  
Diaaeldeen Razza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Taking advantage of the cellular immune system is the mainstay of the adoptive cell therapy, to induce recognition and destruction of cancer cells. The impressive demonstration of this principle is chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T)-cell therapy, which had a major impact on treating relapsed and refractory hematological malignancies. Despite the great results of the CAR-T-cell therapy, many tumors are still able to avoid immune detection and further elimination, as well as the possible associated adverse events. Herein, we highlighted the recent advances in CAR-T-cell therapy, discussing their applications beneficial functions and side effects in hematological malignancies, illustrating the underlying challenges and opportunities. Furthermore, we provide an overview to overcome different obstacles using potential manufacture and treatment strategies.

Celyad's novel CAR T-cell therapy for solid malignancies

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Lonez ◽  
Alain Hendlisz ◽  
Leila Shaza ◽  
Philippe Aftimos ◽  
Michaël Vouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Solid Malignancies ◽  
Car T

scholarly journals CAR T-cell therapy of solid tumors: promising approaches to modulating antitumor activity of CAR T cells

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya.Yu. Kiseleva ◽  
A.M. Shishkin ◽  
A.V. Ivanov ◽  
T.M. Kulinich ◽  
V.K. Bozhenko
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cells ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T

Adoptive immunotherapy that makes use of genetically modified autologous T cells carrying a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with desired specificity is a promising approach to the treatment of advanced or relapsed solid tumors. However, there are a number of challenges facing the CAR T-cell therapy, including the ability of the tumor to silence the expression of target antigens in response to the selective pressure exerted by therapy and the dampening of the functional activity of CAR T cells by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review discusses the existing gene-engineering approaches to the modification of CAR T-cell design for 1) creating universal “switchable” synthetic receptors capable of attacking a variety of target antigens; 2) enhancing the functional activity of CAR T cells in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of the tumor by silencing the expression of inhibiting receptors or by stimulating production of cytokines.

scholarly journals Current Progress in CAR-T Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2548-2560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Ma ◽  
Xinchun Li ◽  
Xinyue Wang ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
Zhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T

scholarly journals Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sur ◽  
Andrei Havasi ◽  
Calin Cainap ◽  
Gabriel Samasca ◽  
Claudia Burz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy represents a new genetically engineered method of immunotherapy for cancer. The patient’s T-cells are modified to express a specific receptor that sticks to the tumor antigen. This modified cell is then reintroduced into the patient’s body to fight the resilient cancer cells. After exhibiting positive results in hematological malignancies, this therapy is being proposed for solid tumors like colorectal cancer. The clinical data of CAR T-cell therapy in colorectal cancer is rather scarce. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge, challenges, and future perspectives of CAR T-cell therapy in colorectal cancer. A total of 22 articles were included in this review. Eligible studies were selected and reviewed by two researchers from 49 articles found on Pubmed, Web of Science, and clinicaltrials.gov. This therapy, at the moment, provides modest benefits in solid tumors. Not taking into consideration the high manufacturing and retail prices, there are still limitations like increased toxicities, relapses, and unfavorable tumor microenvironment for CAR T-cell therapy in colorectal cancer.

Injectable Porous Microchips with Oxygen Reservoirs and an Immune-Niche Enhance the Efficacy of CAR T Cell Therapy in Solid Tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (51) ◽  
pp. 56712-56722
Author(s):  
Zuyuan Luo ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Zhen Liang ◽  
Jijia Pan ◽  
Jun Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T

scholarly journals Advancing CAR T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Lessons Learned from Lymphoma Treatment

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksei Titov ◽  
Aygul Valiullina ◽  
Ekaterina Zmievskaya ◽  
Ekaterina Zaikova ◽  
Alexey Petukhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T Cells ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T Cell Therapy ◽  
Car T

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy is one of the most promising modern approaches for the treatment of cancer. To date only two CAR T-cell products, Kymriah® and Yescarta®, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell lymphoma. Administration of CAR T-cells to control solid tumors has long been envisaged as one of the most difficult therapeutic tasks. The first two clinical trials conducted in sarcoma and neuroblastoma patients showed clinical benefits of CAR T-cells, yet multiple obstacles still hold us back from having accessible and efficient therapy. Why did such an effective treatment for relapsed and refractory hematological malignancies demonstrate only relatively modest efficiency in the context of solid tumors? Is it due to the lucky selection of the “magic” CD19 antigen, which might be one of a kind? Or do lymphomas lack the immunosuppressive features of solid tumors? Here we review the existing knowledge in the field of CAR T-cell therapy and address the heterogeneity of solid tumors and their diverse strategies of immunoevasion. We also provide an insight into prospective developments of CAR T-cell technologies against solid tumors.

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