Spatiotemporal analysis of crop water requirements in Lower Chenab Canal (LCC) Irrigation System for the better management of water resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Ejaz Hussain ◽  
Umair Rabbani ◽  
Shahid Ghazi ◽  
Syed M. Irteza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements

scholarly journals Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Schedules for Some Major Crops in Southern Iraq

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewaid ◽  
Abed ◽  
Al-Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
The United States ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Effective Rainfall ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Southern Iraq

The climate of Iraq is of the subtropical semi-dry type; however, the country was rich in water resources until a few decades ago. Climate change and the construction of many dams on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the neighboring countries have caused water shortages and poor water quality. Now, there is a need to decrease consumption, improve management of water resources, and determine the water requirements of the major crops because agriculture is the first consumer of water in Iraq. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) CROPWAT 8.0 simulation software and the CLIMWAT 2.0 tool attached to it have been used in this research for Dhi-Qar Province in southern Iraq to find the crop water requirements (CWRs) and irrigation schedules for some major crops. The CROPWAT Penman–Monteith method was used to calculate the reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) soil conservation (S.C.) method was used to estimate the effective rainfall. The study results showed that ET0 varied from 2.18 to 10.5 mm/day and the effective rainfall varied from 0.0 to 23.1 mm. The irrigation requirements were 1142, 203.2, 844.8, and 1180 mm/dec for wheat, barley, white corn, and tomatoes, respectively. There is a higher water demand for crops during the dry seasons (summer and autumn) and a lower demand during the wet seasons (winter and spring). The total gross irrigation and the total net irrigation were 343.8 mm and 240.7 mm for wheat, 175.2 mm and 122.6 mm for barley, 343.8 mm and 240.7 mm for white corn, and 203.3 mm and 142.3 mm for tomatoes. This study proved that the CROPWAT model is useful for calculating the crop irrigation needs for the proper management of water resources.

Combination of remote sensing and meteorological data for estimation of crop water requirements in the irrigated perimeter of Tadla in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaouad El Hachimi ◽  
Abderrazak El Harti ◽  
Amine Jellouli
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements ◽  
Irrigated Perimeter ◽  
Semi Arid

<p>In arid and semi-arid regions, agriculture is an important element of the national economy, but this sector is a large consumer of water. In a context of high pressure on water resources (climate change, population growth, desertification, etc.), an appropriate management is required. The development of remote sensing tools: temporal, spatial and spectral resolution offers a better opportunity for hydro-agricultural management. The main objective of this study is to combine climate data with that of optical remote sensing in order to estimate crop water requirements in the irrigated perimeter of Tadla. In semi-arid regions, such as Tadla Plain, a large quantity of water is lost by evapotranspiration (ET). The objective of this study is to use a scientific approach based on the modulation of evaporative demand for the estimation of crop water requirements. This approach is based on the FAO-56 method using image data from the Sentinel-2A and Landsat-8 satellites, and climate data: surface temperature, air humidity, wind speed, global solar radiation and precipitation. It also allowed the spatialization of crop water requirements on a large area of irrigated crops during the 2016–2017 agricultural season. Maps of water requirements have been developed. They show the variability over time of crop development and their estimated water requirements. The results obtained constitute an important indicator of how water should be distributed over the area in order to improve irrigation efficiency and protection of water resources.</p>

Estimation of crop water requirements using remote sensing for operational water resources management

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lampros Vasiliades ◽  
Marios Spiliotopoulos ◽  
John Tzabiras ◽  
Athanasios Loukas ◽  
Nikitas Mylopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Crop Water Requirements

Effect of irrigation uniformity on evapotranspiration and onion yield

2010 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. JIMÉNEZ ◽  
J. A. DE JUAN ◽  
J. M. TARJUELO ◽  
J. F. ORTEGA
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Plots

SUMMARYThe main objective of the current study was to analyse how water application through a sprinkler irrigation system influences yield of onion (Allium cepa L.), taking into account water application heterogeneity and the effects on theoretical crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Field experiments were conducted on commercial onion plots, irrigated with a permanent sprinkler irrigation system, located in Albacete, Spain, over two irrigation seasons. Two experimental plots were selected each study year: plot A (PA), in which water was applied heterogeneously by using sprinklers with different nozzle combinations, and plot B (PB, used as the reference plot) in which the four sprinklers were maintained with the same nozzle combinations. Both experimental plots were divided into 25 subplots with the aim of studying the water distribution (measured as Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CU)), the impact on the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and the yield obtained. Irrigation was scheduled using a daily simplified water balance method within the root area following the approach of the Food and Agriculture Organization. In the present study, sprinkler irrigation in PA resulted in lower CU (65–82% lower in 2002 and 59–79% lower in 2005) compared with PB (78–92% lower in 2002 and 79–93% lower in 2005). Between 30 May and 18 August 2002, the estimated crop water requirements in PA in the absence of water deficit was 22 mm over the accumulated value of ETc (491 v. 469 mm), while estimated crop water requirements under water deficit were 187 mm below ETc (282 v. 469 mm). In 2005, between 29 May and 25 August, ETa without water deficit was more similar to ETc (458 v. 444 mm) but Eta under water deficit was 242 mm. The greater uniformity of water distribution in PB was translated into a greater uniformity of yield distribution. A smaller range in yield was observed in PB when compared with PA. No statistically significant differences were observed between PA and PB in the crop quality parameters bulb moisture content, total soluble solids, pH and total acidity.

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENYIRAMAN TANAMAN DENGAN POMPA OTOMATIS SISTEM IRIGASI TETES PADA LAHAN KERING (Design Tools Watering Plants With Automatic Pump to Drips Irrigation System For Dry Land)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Amuddin Amuddin ◽  
Joko Sumarsono
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Power Calculation ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Crop Water Requirements

This study aims to (1) Designing wake automatic watering equipment on dry land, (2) Determine the effective and efficient manner, (3) Knowing more specific performance in the use of electrical power. The benefits of this research (1) automated tool that can help overcome the shortage of water in the dry season in dry land, (2) helping farmers in overcoming problems crop irrigation in the dry season / dry, (3) scientific knowledge in automation watering drip irrigation system with pump solar energy as renewable energy. The research was conducted in the village of Batu Layar Sandik District of West Lombok in April 2011 to October 2011. This study uses an experimental method with the following steps: (a) Stage Design, (b) the assembly stage and followed by (c) Phase characterization automatic watering tool. At the stage of design executed by: measuring the ambient temperature (0C), measure wind speed (km / h), determine to what size of pump power (watts); followed by stages of assembly. Then proceed with step kerakterisasi automatic watering tool in the characterization of applying completely randomized design (CRD) factorial design composed 8 treatment. The first factor is the rotation of the motor pump with 4 variations of rotation, namely (1600, 1800, 2200 and 2400 rpm). Each treatment each repeated 3 times. While the provision of irrigation water treatment drops on each network is divided into blocks, namely (I, II, III and IV blocks) are taken based on the treatment of the above factors. Each treatment was observed parameters-parameters of chilli crop water requirements. The parameters characterizing automatic sprinklers include: efficiency of crop water requirements and water use efficiency in total. Results showed (1) automatic watering device can regulate the amount and uniformity of discharge of water droplets in every hole in the use of water for plants drip irrigation system with an average of (± 0.5632 liters /crop), the one-time watering at each plants with 2400 rpm motor pump. (2) System drip irrigation watering holes aimed directly at the plant, the amount of water used is very small. So that the area can be watered plants covering an area of ​​1.74 mx 2.09 m = 3.6366 m2 / plot. With a total land area is tested for this type of tomato plant and a land area of ​​39.78 ± m2 for the type of chilli plants, bringing the total land area of ​​± 68.21 m2 on the pump discharge position of  ±72.50578 liters/minute, and then flowed through 6 Fruit of the pipeline with the average number ±12.084297 liters perpipe on each plot. While in the pipeline, there are 16 pieces of water drain holes are directed at each plant to remove water in the respective holes per hole ± 0.755268542 liters/minute. (3) The electric power is used to drive the pump motor in this study is similar to the output ±0.336796 HP the uotput equal to ±0.336796 HP x 0.7457 kWatt = 251.25 watts, where as the unused power of ± 1.333333 watts with efisiensin power to the pump motor power calculation is divided power is used together with efficiency = 251.25 watts/1.333333 watts x 100% = 18843.75%.   Keywords: chili, dry land, automatic watering   ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Merancang bangun peralatan penyiraman otomatis pada  lahan kering, (2) Menentukan cara yang efektif dan efisien, (3) Mengetahui unjuk kerja yang lebih spesifik dalam penggunaan daya listrik. Manfaat penelitian ini (1) Alat otomatis yang dapat membantu mengatasi kekurangan air pada musim kemarau di lahan kering, (2) membantu petani dalam mengatasi masalah pengairan tanaman pada musim kemarau/kering, (3) pengetahuan ilmiah dalam otomatisasi penyiraman sistem irigasi tetes dengan pompa energi  surya sebagai energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini di lakukan di Desa Sandik  Kecamatan Batu Layar Kabupaten Lombok Barat pada bulan April 2011 sampai Oktober 2011. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan tahapan: (a) Tahap Rancang Bangun, (b) Tahap perakitan dan dilanjutkan dengan (c) Tahap  karakterisasi alat penyiraman otomatis. Pada tahapan rancang bangun dilaksanakan dengan: mengukur temperatur lingkungan (0C), mengukur kecepatan angin (km/jam), menenetukan ukuran daya pompa (watt);  dilanjutkan dengan tahapan perakitan. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan tahap kerakterisasi alat penyiraman otomatis Dalam karakterisasi menerapkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) rancangan faktorial yang disusun 8 perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah putaran motor pompa dengan 4 variasi putaran yaitu (1600, 1800 , 2200 dan 2400 rpm). Setiap perlakuan masing-masing diulang 3 kali. Sedangkan perlakuan pemberian air irigasi tetes pada setiap jaringan dibagi dalam blok yaitu (I, II, III dan IV blok) yang  diambil berdasarkan perlakuan dari  faktor diatas. Setiap perlakuan diamati parameter-perameter kebutuhan air tanaman cabe. Adapun parameter-parameter karakterisasi alat penyiram otomatis meliputi: efisiensi kebutuhan air tanaman dan efisiensi penggunaan air total. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Alat penyiraman otomatis ini dapat mengatur jumlah dan keseragaman debit tetesan air disetiap lubang dalam penggunaan air untuk tanaman sistem irigasi tetes dengan rata-rata sebesar (±0,5632 liter/tan), dalam satu kali penyiraman pada setiap tanaman dengan putaran motor pompa 2400 rpm. (2) Sistem penyiraman irigasi tetes diarahkan tepat pada lubang tanaman, dengan jumlah air yang digunakan sangat kecil. Sehingga luas areal tanaman yang dapat disirami seluas 1,74 m x 2,09 m=3,6366 m2/petak. Dengan total luas lahan yang dicobakan untuk jenis tanaman tomat dan luas lahan sebesar ±39,78 m2 untuk jenis tanaman cabe, sehingga total luas lahan sebesar ±68,21 m2 pada posisi debit pompa sebesar ±72,50578 liter/menit, kemudian dialirkan melalui 6 buah pipa penyalur dengan jumlah rata ±12,084297 liter per pipa pada masing-masing petak.  Sedangkan dalam satu pipa terdapat 16 buah lubang pengeluaran air yang diarahkan pada tiap-tiap tanaman dengan mengeluarkan air dimasing-masing lubang ±0,755268542 liter per lubang/menit.  (3) Daya listrik yang digunakan  untuk menggerakkan  motor pompa dalam penelitian ini adalah 0,336796 HP dengan keluaran setara 0,336796 HP x 0,7457 Kwatt = 251,25 watt, sedangkan daya  listrik yang terpakai sebesar ±1,333333 watt dengan efisiensi daya dengan perhitungan daya motor pompa dibagi daya listrik yang digunakan sama dengan efisiensi = 251,25 watt/1,333333 watt x 100% = 18843,75%.   Kata kunci: cabe, lahan kering, penyiraman otomatis

A modelling platform for climate change impact on local and regional crop water requirements

2021 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 107005
Author(s):  
Sara Masia ◽  
Antonio Trabucco ◽  
Donatella Spano ◽  
Richard L. Snyder ◽  
Janez Sušnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements ◽  
Change Impact

Satellite based calculation of spatially distributed crop water requirements for cotton and wheat cultivation in Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Conrad ◽  
Maren Rahmann ◽  
Miriam Machwitz ◽  
Galina Stulina ◽  
Heiko Paeth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Spatially Distributed

Past and future changes in regional crop water requirements in Northwest China

2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 2203-2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Song ◽  
Songbai Song ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Wenbin Liu ◽  
Jiuyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northwest China ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Crop Water Requirements
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document