scholarly journals Small Farmers Large Field (SFLF): a synchronized collective action model for improving the livelihood of small farmers in India

Food Security ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampriti Baruah ◽  
Samarendu Mohanty ◽  
Agnes C. Rola
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
Bed Management ◽  
Action Model ◽  
Indian State

AbstractThis study pilots the collective action model “Small Farmers Large Field (SFLF)” to overcome the disadvantages faced by millions of small and marginal farmers due to diseconomies of scale and lack of bargaining power in the supply chain. This model is participatory and flexible and allows small farmers to benefit from achieving economies of scale by organizing themselves into groups and synchronizing and harmonizing selected operations. It was piloted in two villages of Odisha, an eastern Indian state, with 112 farmers (35 females and 77 males). These farmers organized themselves into groups and synchronized their operations such as nursery bed management, transplanting, and harvesting collectively to achieve economies of scale. The SFLF farmers purchased inputs (seed and fertilizer) and sold paddy as a group to increase their bargaining power in price negotiations. The results from this pilot study showed that the participating farmers almost doubled their profits. Apart from the monetary benefits, these farmers saved time in many joint activities, including input (seed and fertilizer) purchase, paddy sale, and nursery bed management. Other important benefits of the harmonization and synchronization of farming operations were social harmony and sustainability of the farming system.

scholarly journals EIMECA: A Proposal for a Model of Environmental Collective Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5935
Author(s):  
Beatriz Carmona-Moya ◽  
Antonia Calvo-Salguero ◽  
María-del-Carmen Aguilar-Luzón
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Environmental Identity ◽  
Group Efficacy ◽  
Action Model ◽  
Identity Model

The deterioration and destruction of the environment is becoming more and more considerable and greater efforts are needed to stop it. To accomplish this feat, all members of society must identify with solving environmental problems, environmental collective action being one of the most relevant means of doing so. From this perspective, the analysis of the psychosocial factors that lead to participation in environmental collective action emerges as a priority objective in the research agenda. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine the role of “environmental identity”, as conceptualized by Clayton, as a central axis for explaining environmental collective action. The inclusion of the latter in the theoretical framework of the SIMCA (social identity model of collective action) model gives rise to the model that we have called EIMECA (environmental identity model of environmental collective action). Two studies were conducted (344 and 720 participants, respectively), and structural equation modeling was used. The results reveal that environmental identity and a variety of negative emotional affects, as well as group efficacy, accompanied by hope for a simultaneous additive effect, are critical when it comes to predicting environmental collective action.

The Phantom of Upgrading in Agricultural Supply Chains

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Social Upgrading

This book addresses the controversies surrounding smallholders’ opportunities for economic and social upgrading by joining global agricultural value chains (AVC). While international organizations encourage small farmers to become part of AVC, critics point out its risks. Unlike previous single case studies, researchers from three continents compared the influence of the characteristics of the crop (coffee, mango, rice), the end markets, and the national political economic contexts on the social and economic conditions for smallholders and agricultural workers. Their findings highlight the importance of collective action by smallholders and of a supportive state for economic and social upgrading. With contributions by Angela Dziedzim Akorsu, Do Quynh Chi; Francis Enu Kwesi, Daniel James Hawkins, Jakir Hossain, Khiddir Iddris, Clesio Marcelino de Jesus, Manish Kumar, Michele Lindner, Mubashir Mehdi, Rosa Maria Vieira Medeiros, Antonio Cesar Ortega, Thales Augusto Medeiros Penha, Bruno Perosa, Sérgio Schneider and Santosh Verma.

Crop Waste to Livestock Feed and Livestock Waste to Soil

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-164
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
National Level ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Crop Waste

Significant waste but edible biomass and fuel that can be utilized as raw materials are available locally. With internal efficiencies of recycling of nutrients in an integrated farming system and appropriate technologies, such waste can be optimized for the production of livestock feed and potting soil. These items are pivotal to the productivity and efficiency of sustainable farming. Once the initial set up cost can be laid out, the operation can be self-propelled to larger scales with economic benefits at the farm level as well as at the national level. There has been the argument that livestock feed requires large acreages under grain production which is not feasible in small economies of scale and in the context of small island developing states. The paradox is that there is high cost to produce waste which is not utilized and is a loss to the enterprise.

scholarly journals Improving Food Quality through Institutional Innovations: Using a Free-Rider Approach for Collective Action

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ernst-August Nuppenau
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Cost Sharing ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Positive Externality ◽  
Good Provision

This paper applies an innovation from institution economics to agribusiness: profit (cost) sharing as arrangements to promote public good provision. It outlines how a team work approach can be employed to promote food quality. In institutional economics it was recently suggested to use sharing arrangements to overcome the problem of externalities, in particular by using the above mentioned team work approach. Cost sharing as “team work” is analyzed in this paper as a novel institution to improve food quality, then by indirectly creating incentives to overcome the public good character of “quality”. It is assumed that consumers recognize industry quality; not individual by firm in case of asymmetric information. We trans­late a general approach of negative externality to a positive one. (1) We make a reference to the current state of art on how food quality depends on joint efforts of an industry. The aim is to get a better image and discuss the extent to which group efforts are needed to improve quality. (2) We present a mathematical approach on team work for quality. Quality is seen as positive externality and (3) team building is modelled as a likely a process of forming groups sharing efforts in food industries. Finally some remarks are made on how to actively stimulate the needed process of team formation. Also the role of the govern­ment is addressed. At the core of the paper we see the argument that <em>free riding</em> on quality images can be avoided if collective action prevails. A team is modeled as partnership of producers in which costs for image raising are shared. A prerequisite is that <em>economies of scale</em> and jointness in image exist.

A Collective Action Model of Institutional Innovation

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 864-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Hargrave ◽  
Andrew H. Van De Ven
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Institutional Innovation ◽  
Action Model

scholarly journals Beyond prejudice: Are negative evaluations the problem and is getting us to like one another more the solution?

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Dixon ◽  
Mark Levine ◽  
Steve Reicher ◽  
Kevin Durrheim
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Prejudice Reduction ◽  
The Political ◽  
Intergroup Emotions ◽  
Action Model ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Ironic Effects

AbstractFor most of the history of prejudice research, negativity has been treated as its emotional and cognitive signature, a conception that continues to dominate work on the topic. By this definition, prejudice occurs when we dislike or derogate members of other groups. Recent research, however, has highlighted the need for a more nuanced and “inclusive” (Eagly 2004) perspective on the role of intergroup emotions and beliefs in sustaining discrimination. On the one hand, several independent lines of research have shown that unequal intergroup relations are often marked by attitudinal complexity, with positive responses such as affection and admiration mingling with negative responses such as contempt and resentment. Simple antipathy is the exception rather than the rule. On the other hand, there is mounting evidence that nurturing bonds of affection between the advantaged and the disadvantaged sometimes entrenches rather than disrupts wider patterns of discrimination. Notably, prejudice reduction interventions may have ironic effects on the political attitudes of the historically disadvantaged, decreasing their perceptions of injustice and willingness to engage in collective action to transform social inequalities.These developments raise a number of important questions. Has the time come to challenge the assumption that negative evaluations are inevitably the cognitive and affective hallmarks of discrimination? Is the orthodox concept of prejudice in danger of side-tracking, if not obstructing, progress towards social justice in a fuller sense? What are the prospects for reconciling a prejudice reduction model of change, designed to get people to like one another more, with a collective action model of change, designed to ignite struggles to achieve intergroup equality?

scholarly journals Evaluating Agricultural Value Chains on CISS-F Framework

2022 ◽  
pp. 11-31
Author(s):  
Ashok Gulati ◽  
Kavery Ganguly ◽  
T. Nanda Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
Market Linkages

AbstractTechnology, institutions and markets together drive agricultural value chains in becoming more competitive, inclusive, sustainable and scalable, and in improving access to finance. Institutions that focused on aggregating marginal and smallholders, empowering farmers with better bargaining power, inducing economies of scale and creating market linkages have been pivotal in the successful transformation of these sectors.

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