Repeatability of facial electromyography (EMG) activity over corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major on differentiating various emotions

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Wen Tan ◽  
Steffen Walter ◽  
Andreas Scheck ◽  
David Hrabal ◽  
Holger Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emg Activity ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Zygomaticus Major

scholarly journals Learning of Facial Responses to Faces Associated with Positive or Negative Emotional Expressions

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Aguado ◽  
Francisco J. Román ◽  
Sonia Rodríguez ◽  
Teresa Diéguez-Risco ◽  
Verónica Romero-Ferreiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Affective Meaning ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

AbstractThe possibility that facial expressions of emotion change the affective valence of faces through associative learning was explored using facial electromyography (EMG). In Experiment 1, EMG activity was registered while the participants (N = 57) viewed sequences of neutral faces (Stimulus 1 or S1) changing to either a happy or an angry expression (Stimulus 2 or S2). As a consequence of learning, participants who showed patterning of facial responses in the presence of angry and happy faces, that is, higher Corrugator Supercilii (CS) activity in the presence of angry faces and higher Zygomaticus Major (ZM) activity in the presence of happy faces, showed also a similar pattern when viewing the corresponding S1 faces. Explicit evaluations made by an independent sample of participants (Experiment 2) showed that evaluation of S1 faces was changed according to the emotional expression with which they had been associated. These results are consistent with an interpretation of rapid facial reactions to faces as affective responses that reflect the valence of the stimulus and that are sensitive to learned changes in the affective meaning of faces.

scholarly journals Facial EMG Correlates of Subjective Hedonic Responses During Food Consumption

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Kazusa Minemoto ◽  
Akira Ikegami ◽  
Makoto Nakauma ◽  
Takahiro Funami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Facial Emg ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Hedonic Experience ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Liking Rating

An exploration of physiological correlates of subjective hedonic responses while eating food has practical and theoretical significance. Previous psychophysiological studies have suggested that some physiological measures, including facial electromyography (EMG), may correspond to hedonic responses while viewing food images or drinking liquids. However, whether consuming solid food could produce such subjective–physiological concordance remains untested. To investigate this issue, we assessed participants’ subjective ratings of liking, wanting, valence, and arousal while they consumed gel-type food stimuli of various flavors and textures. We additionally measured their physiological signals, including facial EMG from the corrugator supercilii. The results showed that liking, wanting, and valence ratings were negatively correlated with corrugator supercilii EMG activity. Only the liking rating maintained a negative association with corrugator supercilii activity when the other ratings were partialed out. These data suggest that the subjective hedonic experience, specifically the liking state, during food consumption can be objectively assessed using facial EMG signals and may be influenced by such somatic signals.

scholarly journals Reliability of surface facial electromyography

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Hess ◽  
Ruben C. Arslan ◽  
Heidi Mauersberger ◽  
Christophe Blaison ◽  
Michael Dufner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Affective Reactions ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Affective Stimuli ◽  
Facial Emg ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Method Factors ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Zygomaticus Major

Data from two studies were used to estimate the reliability of facial EMG when used to index facial mimicry (Study 1) or affective reactions to pictorial stimuli (Study 2). Results for individual muscle sites varied between muscles and depending on data treatment. For ifference scores, acceptable internal consistencies were found only for corrugator supercilii, and test-retest reliabilities were low. For contrast measures describing patterns of reactions to stimuli, such as high zygomaticus major combined with low corrugator upercilii, acceptable internal consistencies were found for facial reactions to smiling faces and positive affective reactions to affiliative images (Study 2). Facial reactions to negative emotions (Study 1) and facial reactions to power and somewhat less to chievement imagery (Study 2) showed unsatisfactory internal consistencies. For contrast measures, good temporal stability over 24 months (Study 1) and 15 months (Study 2), respectively, was obtained. In Study 1, the effect of method factors such as mode of presentation was more reliable than the emotion effect. Overall, people’s facial reactions to affective stimuli seem to be influenced by a variety of factors other than the emotion-eliciting element per se, which resulted in biased internal consistency estimates. However, the influence of these factors in turn seemed to be stable over time.

scholarly journals Facial EMG Activity Is Associated with Hedonic Experiences but Not Nutritional Values While Viewing Food Images

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Sakiko Yoshikawa ◽  
Tohru Fushiki
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Skin Potential ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Facial Emg ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Food Images ◽  
Valence And Arousal

The physiological correlates of hedonic/emotional experiences to visual food stimuli are of theoretical and practical interest. Previous psychophysiological studies have shown that facial electromyography (EMG) signals were related to subjective hedonic ratings in response to food images. However, because other data showed positive correlations between hedonic ratings and objective nutritional values of food, whether the facial EMG reactions to food images could reflect the hedonic evaluation or nutritional assessment of food remains unknown. To address this issue, we measured subjective hedonic ratings (liking, wanting, valence, and arousal) and physiological signals (facial EMG of the corrugator supercilii, zygomatic major, masseter, and suprahyoid muscles, skin potential responses, and heart rates) while participants observed food images that had objective nutritional information (caloric, carbohydrate, fat, and protein contents). The results revealed that zygomatic major EMG activity was positively correlated with ratings of liking, wanting, and valence, but not with any objective nutritional value. These data indicate that facial EMG signals in response to food images reflect subjective hedonic experiences, but not objective nutritional values, associated with the food item.

scholarly journals Smile (but only deliberately) though your heart is aching: Loneliness is associated with impaired spontaneous smile mimicry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Resonance Mechanism ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Behavioral Mechanism ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Physiological Dysregulation ◽  
Resonance Response ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation

As social beings, humans harbor an evolved capacity for loneliness—perceived social isolation. Feelings of loneliness are associated with aberrant affective and social processing, as well as deleterious physiological dysregulation. We investigated how loneliness affects spontaneous facial mimicry (SFM), an interpersonal resonance mechanism involved in social connection and emotional contagion. We used facial electromyography (fEMG) to measure activity of the zygomaticus major (“smiling muscle”) and corrugator supercilii (“frowning muscle”) while participants viewed emotional stimuli, such as video clips of actors expressing anger, fear, sadness, or joy, and emotional IAPS images. We also measured self-reported loneliness, depression, and extraversion levels. Evidence for SFM was found in greater fEMG activity of the zygomaticus and corrugator to positive and negative emotions, respectively. However, individuals reporting higher levels of loneliness lacked SFM for expressions of joy. Loneliness did not affect deliberate mimicry activity to the same expressions, or spontaneous reactions to positive, negative, or neutral IAPS images. Depression and extraversion did not predict any differences in fEMG responses. We argue that impaired automaticity of “smiling back” at another—a faulty interpersonal resonance response—represents a pervasive behavioral mechanism that likely contributes to negative social and emotional consequences of loneliness and may facilitate loneliness contagion.

scholarly journals Enhanced emotional and motor responses to live versus videotaped dynamic facial expressions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ting Hsu ◽  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Sakiko Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Dynamic Facial Expressions

Abstract Facial expression is an integral aspect of non-verbal communication of affective information. Earlier psychological studies have reported that the presentation of prerecorded photographs or videos of emotional facial expressions automatically elicits divergent responses, such as emotions and facial mimicry. However, such highly controlled experimental procedures may lack the vividness of real-life social interactions. This study incorporated a live image relay system that delivered models’ real-time performance of positive (smiling) and negative (frowning) dynamic facial expressions or their prerecorded videos to participants. We measured subjective ratings of valence and arousal and facial electromyography (EMG) activity in the zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii muscles. Subjective ratings showed that the live facial expressions were rated to elicit higher valence and more arousing than the corresponding videos for positive emotion conditions. Facial EMG data showed that compared with the video, live facial expressions more effectively elicited facial muscular activity congruent with the models’ positive facial expressions. The findings indicate that emotional facial expressions in live social interactions are more evocative of emotional reactions and facial mimicry than earlier experimental data have suggested.

Habitual Emotion Regulation and the Facial Grimace

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith W. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Zygomaticus Major

Images of pleasant scenes usually produce increased activity over the zygomaticus major muscle, as measured by electromyography (EMG), while less activity is elicited by unpleasant images. However, increases in zygomaticus major EMG activity while viewing unpleasant images have occasionally been reported in the literature on affective facial expression (i.e., “grimacing”). To examine the possibility that individual differences in emotion regulation might be responsible for this inconsistently observed phenomenon, the habitual emotion regulation tendencies of 63 participants (32 women) were assessed and categorized according to their regulatory tendencies. Participants viewed emotionally salient images while zygomaticus major EMG activity was recorded. Participants also provided self-report ratings of their experienced emotional valence and arousal while viewing the pictures. Despite demonstrating intact affective ratings, the “grimacing” pattern of zygomaticus major activity was observed in those who were less likely to use the cognitive reappraisal strategy to regulate their emotions.

You can laugh at everything, but not with everyone

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Morisseau ◽  
Martial Mermillod ◽  
Cécile Eymond ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Van Der Henst ◽  
Ira A. Noveck
Keyword(s):  
Emg Activity ◽  
Group Affiliation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Outgroup Derogation ◽  
Politically Active ◽  
Ingroup Favoritism

This paper explores the impact of group affiliation with respect to the on-line processing and appreciation of jokes, using facial electromyography (EMG) activity and offline evaluations as dependent measures. Two experiments were conducted in which group affiliation varied between the participant and each of two independent (recorded confederate) speakers whose described political profiles were distinguished through one word: “Right” versus “Left.” Experiment 1 showed that jokes were more highly evaluated and that associated EMG activity was more intense when it was later determined that the speaker was a member of the listener’s ingroup rather than outgroup. In an effort to determine whether these parochial effects can be isolated to ingroup favoritism as opposed to outgroup derogation, Experiment 2 paired a joke-teller described as politically active (either from the right or the left) with one who was described as politically neutral. These more subtle comparisons suggest that the parochial effects observed in our joke understanding paradigm are mediated, at least in part, by the presence of an outgroup member.

scholarly journals Pleasant Stroke Touch on Human Back by a Human and a Robot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoki Ishikura ◽  
Yuki Kitamura ◽  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Jun Takamatsu ◽  
Akishige Yuguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Skin Conductance Response ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Corrugator Supercilii ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Reduced Activity

Abstract Pleasant touching is an important aspect of social interactions that is widely used as a caregiving technique. To address problems resulting from a lack of available human caregivers, previous research has attempted to develop robots that can perform this kind of pleasant touch. However, it remains unclear whether robots can provide such a pleasant touch in a manner similar to humans. To investigate this issue, we compared the effect of the speed of gentle strokes on the back between human and robot agents on the emotional responses of human participants (n = 28). A robot or a human stroked on the participants’ back at slow and medium speeds (i.e., 2.6 and 8.5 cm/s). Participants’ subjective (valence and arousal ratings) and physiological (facial electromyography (EMG) recorded from the corrugator supercilii and zygomatic major muscles, and skin conductance response) emotional reactions were measured. The subjective ratings demonstrated that the medium speed was more pleasant and arousing than the slow speed for both human and robot strokes. The corrugator supercilii EMG showed that the medium speed resulted in reduced activity in response to both human and robot strokes. These results demonstrate similar speed-dependent modulations of stroke on subjective and physiological positive emotional responses across human and robot agents and suggest that robots can provide a pleasant touch similar to that of humans.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document