Hydrogen Peroxide Versus Hydrogen Generation at Bipolar Pd/Au Nano-catalysts Grown into an Intrinsically Microporous Polyamine (PIM-EA-TB)

AbstractBinding of PdCl42− into the polymer of intrinsic microporosity PIM-EA-TB (on a Nylon mesh substrate) followed by borohydride reduction leads to uncapped Pd(0) nano-catalysts with typically 3.2 ± 0.2 nm diameter embedded within the microporous polymer host structure. Spontaneous reaction of Pd(0) with formic acid and oxygen is shown to result in the competing formation of (i) hydrogen peroxide (at low formic acid concentration in air; with optimum H2O2 yield at 2 mM HCOOH), (ii) water, or (iii) hydrogen (at higher formic acid concentration or under argon). Next, a spontaneous electroless gold deposition process is employed to attach gold (typically 10- to 35-nm diameter) to the nano-palladium in PIM-EA-TB to give an order of magnitude enhanced production of H2O2 with high yields even at higher HCOOH concentration (suppressing hydrogen evolution). Pd and Au work hand-in-hand as bipolar electrocatalysts. A Clark probe method is developed to assess the catalyst efficiency (based on competing oxygen removal and hydrogen production) and a mass spectrometry method is developed to monitor/optimise the rate of production of hydrogen peroxide. Heterogenised Pd/Au@PIM-EA-TB catalysts are effective and allow easy catalyst recovery and reuse for hydrogen peroxide production. Graphical abstract

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Gentamicin enhanced production of hydrogen peroxide by renal cortical mitochondria

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.1987.253.4.c495 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 253 (4) ◽

pp. C495-C499 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

P. D. Walker ◽

S. V. Shah

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Mitochondrial Respiration ◽

Critical Role ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽

Enhanced Production ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide Generation ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Oxygen Metabolites

Agents that affect mitochondrial respiration have been shown to enhance the generation of reactive oxygen metabolites. On the basis of the well-demonstrated ability of gentamicin to alter mitochondrial respiration (stimulation of state 4 and inhibition of state 3), it was postulated that gentamicin may enhance the generation of reactive oxygen metabolites by renal cortical mitochondria. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of gentamicin on the production of hydrogen peroxide (measured as the decrease in scopoletin fluorescence) in rat renal cortical mitochondria. The hydrogen peroxide generation by mitochondria was enhanced from 0.17 +/- 0.02 nmol . mg-1 . min-1 (n = 14) in the absence of gentamicin to 6.21 +/- 0.67 nmol . mg-1 . min-1 (n = 14) in the presence of 4 mM gentamicin. This response was dose dependent with a significant increase observed at even the lowest concentration of gentamicin tested, 0.01 mM. Production of hydrogen peroxide was not increased when gentamicin was added to incubation media in which mitochondria or substrate was omitted or heat-inactivated mitochondria were used. The gentamicin-induced change in fluorescence was completely inhibited by catalase (but not by heat-inactivated catalase), indicating that the decrease in fluorescence was due to hydrogen peroxide. Thus this study demonstrates that gentamicin enhances the production of hydrogen peroxide by mitochondria. Because of their well-documented cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen metabolites may play a critical role in gentamicin nephrotoxicity.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Chronic green tea extract supplementation reduces hemodialysis-enhanced production of hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid, atherosclerotic factors, and proinflammatory cytokines.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1109093.565073 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Angela Yee-Moon Wang

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Green Tea ◽

Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽

Hypochlorous Acid ◽

Green Tea Extract ◽

Enhanced Production ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Tea Extract

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Chronic green tea extract supplementation reduces hemodialysis-enhanced production of hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid, atherosclerotic factors, and proinflammatory cytokines

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1539 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 86 (5) ◽

pp. 1539-1547 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Shih-Ping Hsu ◽

Ming-Shiou Wu ◽

Chih-Ching Yang ◽

Kuo-Chin Huang ◽

Shaw-Yih Liou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Green Tea ◽

Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽

Hypochlorous Acid ◽

Green Tea Extract ◽

Enhanced Production ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Tea Extract

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Photocatalytic Production of Hydrogen Peroxide over Modified Semiconductor Materials: A Minireview

Topics in Catalysis ◽

10.1007/s11244-020-01317-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (9-10) ◽

pp. 895-912

Author(s):

Haiyan Song ◽

Lishan Wei ◽

Luning Chen ◽

Han Zhang ◽

Ji Su

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Semiconductor Materials ◽

Production Of Hydrogen

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A Process for Hydrogen Production from the Catalytic Decomposition of Formic Acid over Iridium—Palladium Nanoparticles

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14123258 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3258

Author(s):

Hamed M. Alshammari ◽

Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi ◽

Obaid F. Aldosari ◽

Abdulellah S. Alsolami ◽

Nuha A. Alotaibi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Formic Acid ◽

Activated Charcoal ◽

Palladium Nanoparticles ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Catalytic Decomposition ◽

Conversion Yield ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Commercial Applications

The present study investigates a process for the selective production of hydrogen from the catalytic decomposition of formic acid in the presence of iridium and iridium–palladium nanoparticles under various conditions. It was found that a loading of 1 wt.% of 2% palladium in the presence of 1% iridium over activated charcoal led to a 43% conversion of formic acid to hydrogen at room temperature after 4 h. Increasing the temperature to 60 °C led to further decomposition and an improvement in conversion yield to 63%. Dilution of formic acid from 0.5 to 0.2 M improved the decomposition, reaching conversion to 81%. The reported process could potentially be used in commercial applications.

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