The diversity of rhizobia nodulating the Medicago, Melilotus and Trigonella inoculation group in Egypt is marked by the dominance of two genetic types

In the present study, the conformation of the tibia of seven genetic lines of broilers was analyzed by Geometric Morphometrics and correlated to carcass weight and walking ability. The used chicken genetic lines were classified as fast, medium, or slow growing and ranked for their walking ability. Six chicken types were reared in an organic farm and slaughtered at 81 days of age while one slow-growing and highly walking line (Naked Neck) was reared in a commercial farm and used as external reference for moving activity and growth speed. A mixed landmarks and semi-landmarks model was applied to the study of tibia shape. Results of this study showed that: (i) body weight gain was positively correlated to the curvature of the antero-posterior axis of the tibia; (ii) the shape of the tibia and the active walking behavior were significantly correlated; (iii) walking and not-walking genetic lines could be discriminated in relation to the overall shape of the tibia; (iv) a prevalence of static behavior was correlated to a more pronounced curvature of the antero-posterior axis of the tibia. Results of this study revealed that the walking genetic types have a more functional and natural tibia conformation. This easy morphologic method for evaluating tibia shape could help to characterize the adaptability of genotypes to organic and outdoor rearing.

Download Full-text

Production performance of cows raised with different post-weaning growth patterns

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txab031 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Harvey C Freetly ◽

Robert A Cushman ◽

Gary L Bennett

Keyword(s):

Growth Pattern ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Life Time ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Production Performance ◽

Genetic Population ◽

Breed Type ◽

Genetic Types ◽

Period 2 ◽

Step Growth

Abstract The period of heifer development is a relatively small fraction of a cow’s life; however, her pattern of growth may have permanent effects on her productivity as a cow. We hypothesized that altering the growth pattern during the peri-pubertal period would increase life-time productivity across genetic types of Bos taurus cows. The objective was to determine the stayability, calf production, and weight of calf weaned across six calf crops. Heifers (n = 685) were placed on one of two developmental programs at 256 ± 1 d of age. Control heifers received a diet that provided 228 kcal ME·(BW, kg) -0.75 daily, and Stair-Step heifers were allocated 157 kcal ME·(BW, kg) -0.75 daily for 84 or 85 d, and then the daily allocation was increased to 277 kcal ME·(BW, kg) -0.75. Stair-Step heifers (0.33 ± 0.02 kg/d) had a lower ADG than Control heifers (0.78 ± 0.02 kg/d; P < 0.001) during Period 1, and Stair-Step heifers (0.93 ± 0.03 kg/d) had a greater ADG than Controls (0.70 ± 0.03 kg/d; P < 0.001) during Period 2. There were no treatment (P = 0.28) or breed type differences (P = 0.42) for the proportion of cows weaning a calf; however, the proportion of cows weaning a calf decreased with cow age (P < 0.001). Calves from Stair-Step dams had heavier weaning weights (193 ± 1 kg) compared to Control calves (191 ± 1 kg; P = 0.007). There was not a treatment (P = 0.25) or breed type differences in cumulative BW weaned (P = 0.59). A diverse genetic population of cattle within Bos taurus was tested and responses in calf production did not differ between Stair-Step growth pattern and a more constant non-obese growth pattern.

Download Full-text

Relationships between carcass quality parameters and genetic types

Meat Science ◽

10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.04.006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 77 (3) ◽

pp. 397-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

M. Gispert ◽

M. Font i Furnols ◽

M. Gil ◽

A. Velarde ◽

A. Diestre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Parameters ◽

Carcass Quality ◽

Genetic Types

Download Full-text

A chemical method of distinguishing genetic types of yellow cones in Rudbeckia

Molecular Genetics and Genomics ◽

10.1007/bf01786389 ◽

1921 ◽

Vol 25 (3-4) ◽

pp. 211-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Albert F. Blakeslee

Keyword(s):

Chemical Method ◽

Genetic Types

Download Full-text

A new silverleaf-inducing biotype Ms of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) indigenous to the islands of the south-west Indian Ocean

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1079/ber2004337 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 29-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

H. Delatte ◽

B. Reynaud ◽

M. Granier ◽

L. Thornary ◽

J.M. Lett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Distinct Group ◽

Genetic Type ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Sequence Comparisons ◽

Genetic Types ◽

South West Indian Ocean ◽

Biotype B ◽

Q Biotype

AbstractFollowing the first detection of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) from R=union (700 km east of Madagascar) in 1997 and the upsurge of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on vegetable crops, two genetic types of B. tabaci were distinguished using RAPD–PCR and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequence comparisons. One type was assigned to biotype B and the other was genetically dissimilar to the populations described elsewhere and was named Ms, after the Mascarenes Archipelago. This new genetic type forms a distinct group that is sister to two other groups, one to which the B biotype is a member and one to which the Q biotype belongs. The Ms biotype is thought to be indigenous to the region as it was also detected in Mauritius, the Seychelles and Madagascar. Both B and Ms populations of B. tabaci induced silverleaf symptoms on Cucurbita sp., and were able to acquire and transmit TYLCV. Taken together these results indicate that the Ms genetic type should be considered a new biotype of B. tabaci.

Download Full-text

Apulo-Calabrese and Crossbreed Pigs Show Different Physiological Response and Meat Quality Traits after Short Distance Transport

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani8100177 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 177 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gizella Aboagye ◽

Stefania Dall’Olio ◽

Francesco Tassone ◽

Martina Zappaterra ◽

Salvatore Carpino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Short Distance ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Large White ◽

Meat Quality Traits ◽

Genetic Types ◽

Alkaline Phosphate ◽

Distance Transport ◽

Sodium And Potassium

Despite the increasing interest in the welfare of animals during transport, very little is known on the response of local pig breeds to the transport procedures. This study aims to compare the effect of short journey on behaviour, blood parameters, and meat quality traits in 51 Apulo-Calabrese and 52 crossbreed [Duroc × (Landrace × Large White)] pigs. All the animals were blood sampled five days before delivery (basal condition) and at exsanguination for the analysis of creatine kinase, cortisol, glucose, lactate, albumin, albumin/globulin, total protein, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphate, sodium, and potassium. Post mortem pH, color, drip loss, cooking loss, and Warner-Bratzler shear force were measured at different times in longissimus thoracis samples. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that glucose, albumin/globulin, urea, and AST at exsanguination were influenced by the genetic type. Apulo-Calabrese showed the highest increase in blood values of lactate, creatinine, sodium and potassium after the short distance transport. Behavioural occurrences were similar in both genetic types during unloading and lairage. Small differences were observed for meat quality although significantly higher a* and lower L* were found in Apulo-Calabrese pigs, showing meat with a deeper red colour than crossbreeds.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the growth performance and carcass characteristics of lambs produced in Quebec

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a99-039 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 25-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

K. L. Hammell ◽

J. P. Laforest

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Muscle Thickness ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

Genetic Composition ◽

Genetic Types ◽

Maximum Test ◽

Lamb Growth ◽

Sire Breed

Data for a total of approximately 1100 lambs tested in 12 trials from 1992 to 1995 in commercial lamb test stations in Quebec were used to determine the effect of sex, sire breed and genetic type on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Lambs were housed two to a pen and fed commercial diets. Maximum test length was 112 d. Lambs were slaughtered when their liveweight was approximately 47 ± 5 kg for the males and 43 ± 4 kg for the females. Feed intake and growth rate were measured during the test, and carcass measurements were taken at slaughter and at 24 h following slaughter. Feed intake was the average for the pen, while the growth and carcass measurements were taken individually. Males ate more per day, had better gain and were younger at slaughter than females. Females had more body fat and better carcass conformation scores than males. However, males did not have a greater loin muscle thickness compared to females. Lambs sired by Hampshire or Suffolk rams had superior growth performance and leaner carcasses than lambs sired by Dorset rams. However, Hampshire and Suffolk-sired lambs did not have a greater loin muscle thickness compared to Dorset-sired lambs. Analysis of different genetic types did not demonstrate a pronounced effect on lamb performance. No specific genetic composition was clearly superior to the others for the various variables studied. Genetic quality within a breed of sheep bought or kept for reproduction is as important as the choice of breed or the combination of breeds. Key words: Lamb, growth performance, carcass composition

Download Full-text