scholarly journals Distribution of aquifer characteristics in different geomorphologic units in a granitic terrain

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratnakar Dhakate
Keyword(s):  
Pumping Test ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Groundwater Development ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Aquifer Parameters ◽  
Radius Of Influence ◽  
Granitic Terrain ◽  
Aquifer Characteristics ◽  
Development And Management

Abstract Knowledge of aquifer characteristics is essential for groundwater development and management studies. Detailed hydrological studies were carried out in a granitic terrain consisting of different geomorphologic units to resolve the coverage, performance, and characteristics of the aquifer parameters through the application of the pumping test method. An interpretation was performed by different methods, viz., Theis, Jacob, Hantush, and Rushton and Redshaw (numerical finite difference method) to ascertain the aquifer parameters. These parameters are vital for future groundwater development and management studies. Transmissivity (T) values estimated by Theis method range from 3.83 to 436 m2/day; 3.77 to 718 m2/day; and 16 to 160 m2/day, by Jacob method it ranges from 3.90 to 436 m2/day; 3.73 to 769 m2/day; and 17.3 to 152 m2/day, by Hantush method it ranges from 1.63 to 189 m2/day; 0.53 to 755 m2/day; and 19.3 to 118 m2/day, while by numerical method it ranges from 3 to 455 m2/day, 3 to 700 m2/day, and 17 to 148 m2/day in pediplain with moderate weathering (PPM), pediplain with shallow weathering (PPS), and buried pediplain with shallow weathering (BPPS) geomorphologic units, respectively. Similarly, a radius of influences ranges from 9.75 to 1391.0 m; 8.0 to 698.09 m, and 380.78 to 433.76 m in PPS, PPM, and BPPS geomorphologic units, respectively. The aquifer parameters obtained by the pumping tests were correlated with the structural features and different geomorphologic units. It was found that these parameters have wide variations within each geomorphologic feature. The radius of influence of each test well was calculated and compared with the in situ measured discharge of various wells within the area. The high values of transmissivity (T) are attributed to aquifer controlled by fractured zone in the area.

A constant-head pumping test method using direct-push equipment for in situ hydraulic conductivity measurements

Géotechnique ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. KOBAYASHI ◽  
H. ONOUE ◽  
S. OBA ◽  
N. YASUFUKU ◽  
K. OMINE
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Direct Push ◽  
Constant Head

Histology and fine structure of the pre-optic nucleus and hypothalamic tracts of the European eel Anguilla anguilla L

1969 ◽  
Vol 256 (804) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
European Eel ◽  
The Third ◽  
Secretory Products

The pre-optic nucleus and hypothalamic tracts of intact and hypophysectomized specimens of the European eel Anguilla anguilla L. have been studied in situ and by optical and electron microscopy. The in situ technique reveals a hitherto unsuspected degree of segregation of the neurosecretory axons which form up to five discrete tracts having separate origins and following distinct paths before converging, at the level of the anterior margin of the pituitary, to form a median tract. The structure of the pre-optic neurons, as revealed by several different techniques, is described and it is shown that their synthetic poles, identified by a prominent cap of endoplasmic reticulum, are precisely orientated towards the third ventricle and are separated from it by, at most, two or three layers of ependymal cells. Electron microscopy shows that the secretory products lie mainly in the axonal ends of the cells though in Bouin-fixed, wax-embedded material the entire perikaryon stains with neurosecretory dyes and this, and their proximity to the third ventricle, gives the impression that they secrete into the latter, as well as centripetally. This may well be so, but from the work described below it seems more likely that these neurons receive nutrients, or stimuli, or both, from the third ventricle. Two types of pre-optic neurons, separable by structural features as well as by the size of the elementary granules they contain have been identified; these probably give rise to two of the fibre types identified in the neurohypophysis of the eel by Knowles & Vollrath. Aggregations of neurosecretion, common in the fish pre-optic nucleus, and also, much rarer, colloid vesicles, are described and discussed.

Estimation of Creep-Fatigue Damage Through Indentation Test Method

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu V. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Indentation Test ◽  
Creep Damage ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Creep Fatigue ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
The Cost

Creep, creep-fatigue damage is often estimated through in-situ metallography, tensile testing of specimens. However, these methods require specimen preparation which includes specimen extraction from critical components. Automated ball indentation testing has been used as an effective tool to determine the mechanical properties of metallic materials. In this work, the tensile properties of materials subjected to controlled levels of damage in creep, creep-fatigue is studied. It is found that the tensile properties such as yield strength and UTS deteriorates with creep damage, whereas the same specimens show an improved UTS values (at the cost of ductility) when subjected to creep-fatigue interactions.

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