A constant-head pumping test method using direct-push equipment for in situ hydraulic conductivity measurements T. KOBAYASHI, N. ONOUE, S. OBA, N. YASUFUKU and K. OMINE (2012).Géotechnique62, No. 3, 253–262, http:dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.9.P.150

Abstract This study aims at defining a methodology to evaluate Ks reductions of gravel material constituting constructed wetland (CW) bed matrices. Several schemes and equations for the Lefranc's test were compared by using different gravel sizes and at multiple spatial scales. The falling-head test method was implemented by using two steel permeameters: one impervious (IMP) and one pervious (P) on one side. At laboratory scale, mean K values for a small size gravel (8–15 × 10−2 m) measured by the IMP and the P permeameters were equal to 19,466 m/d and 30,662 m/d, respectively. Mean Ks values for a big size gravel (10–25 × 10−2 m) measured by the IMP and the P permeameters were equal to 12,135 m/d and 20,866 m/d, respectively. Comparison of Ks values obtained by the two permeameters at laboratory scale as well as a sensitivity analysis and a calibration, lead to the modification of the standpipe equation, to evaluate also the temporal variation of the horizontal Ks. In particular, both permeameters allow the evaluation of the Ks decreasing after 4 years-operation and 1–1.5 years' operation of the plants at full scale (filled with the small size gravel) and at pilot scale (filled with the big size gravel), respectively.

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A Study on the Characteristic and Properties of Riverbank Soil Samples as RBF Natural Materials from Sungai Perak, Kota Lama Kiri, Kuala Kangsar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.634 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 802 ◽

pp. 634-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohd Nordin Adlan ◽

Mohamad Razip Selamat ◽

Siti Zahirah Othman

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Pumping Test ◽

Soil Samples ◽

P Value ◽

Well Production ◽

Sieve Analyses ◽

Test Soil ◽

Coefficient Of Uniformity ◽

Constant Head ◽

The One

For a developing country such as Malaysia, riverbank/bed filtration (RBF) technology is still new and only few efforts have been made to understand the RBF mechanism and processes. Soil characteristics play important roles in determining the water quality and the ability of water to be abstracted from the wells during RBF process. A research has been carried out to identify the characteristic of riverbank soil at different layers in the pumping well (PW) borehole at Kota Lama Kiri, Kuala Kangsar, Perak, Malaysia. Soil samples were collected during the development of PW for RBF application. The maximum depth of PW was 8.50 metre. The soil samples were transported to Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia and the properties were determined by a series of laboratory test. Soil particle size distribution (PSD) and hydraulic conductivity were obtained from sieve analyses and constant head test with reference to BS 1377: Part 1-9;2:1990. Laboratory results show that the value of Cu(coefficient of uniformity) for the soil samples within the borehole of PW was found to be within the range of 2.00 to 10.00 while the value of Cc(coefficient of gradation) lies in the ranges of 0.06-1.19. The One Way Analyses of Variance test was performed using Minitab statistical packages and the results indicate that the p-value was 0.996, where there was no significance difference between the mean sizes of soil samples within the PW. The hydraulic conductivity, k for PW ranges between 0.10-0.91 cm/s. Soil samples from depth 6.00-7.00 metres has the highest hydraulic conductivity, which is 0.91 cm/s. The overall well production from the pumping test was found 112.10 m3/hr.

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Test Method for Determining Transmissivity and Storage Coefficient of Low-Permeability Rocks by In Situ Measurements Using the Constant Head Injection Test

10.1520/d4630-96 ◽

1996 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

In Situ Measurements ◽

Test Method ◽

Low Permeability ◽

Storage Coefficient ◽

Injection Test ◽

Constant Head ◽

And Storage

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Identification of preferential flow effects on hydraulic conductivity measurements using a fluorescent tracer

Canadian Geotechnical Journal ◽

10.1139/t99-113 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 479-484

Author(s):

Tom A Al ◽

David W Blowes

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Measurement Errors ◽

Preferential Flow ◽

Conductivity Measurements ◽

Fine Grained ◽

The Core ◽

Core Samples ◽

Dye Tracer ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

Constant Head

Core samples were collected from fractured and unfractured zones within fine-grained, unconsolidated mine tailings. The hydraulic conductivity of the core samples was measured in a constant-head permeameter. A fluorescent dye tracer was added to the constant-head reservoir in the permeameter. The tests were run for approximately 48 h, then the cores were sectioned to observe the distribution of dye. Flow through the fractures results in hydraulic conductivity measurements up to one order of magnitude greater than that of unfractured tailings. Observations of the dye distribution in samples following permeameter measurements are used to identify cases where preferential flow in fractures has influenced the hydraulic conductivity measurements. The dye tracer distribution also indicates where measurement errors may be suspected due to flow leakage around the core sample.Key words: tracers, hydraulic conductivity, fractures, tailings.

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Determination of Hydrogeological Parameters of Aquifer Using the Air Compressor Pumping

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3989 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 448-453 ◽

pp. 3989-3992

Author(s):

Xue Jiang ◽

Xiu Juan Liang ◽

Chang Lai Xiao ◽

Chuan Du ◽

Zhong Kai Wang

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Water Level ◽

Oil Shale ◽

Pumping Test ◽

Comprehensive Analysis ◽

Graphic Method ◽

Air Compressor ◽

Hydrogeological Parameters

When the buried depth of water level is very large, the air compressor is used in pumping test. In the limited conditions, the value of the water level was not measured, but the recovery value of water level could be measured. In this case, the sp value of the water level drawdown was not able to be measured accurately when the pumping test stopped. So the hydraulic conductivity of aquifer could only be determined according to the linear graphic method of the water level recovery test. However, water level recovery characteristics of each period were not the same, and the raising rate of water level were not equal. Thus, there was a deviation when the hydraulic conductivity was solved with the linear graphic method. According to the existing data, the thesis combined the water level recovery fitting of the entire curve fitting with Dupuit formula of artesian well, determining the sp value and hydrogeological parameters of aquifer. After comprehensive analysis, the parameters obtained are more reasonable, which can provide a good reference for in-situ mining of oil shale in this area.

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Distribution of aquifer characteristics in different geomorphologic units in a granitic terrain

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-020-01313-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Ratnakar Dhakate

Keyword(s):

Pumping Test ◽

Structural Features ◽

Groundwater Development ◽

Test Method ◽

Aquifer Parameters ◽

Radius Of Influence ◽

Granitic Terrain ◽

Aquifer Characteristics ◽

Development And Management

Abstract Knowledge of aquifer characteristics is essential for groundwater development and management studies. Detailed hydrological studies were carried out in a granitic terrain consisting of different geomorphologic units to resolve the coverage, performance, and characteristics of the aquifer parameters through the application of the pumping test method. An interpretation was performed by different methods, viz., Theis, Jacob, Hantush, and Rushton and Redshaw (numerical finite difference method) to ascertain the aquifer parameters. These parameters are vital for future groundwater development and management studies. Transmissivity (T) values estimated by Theis method range from 3.83 to 436 m2/day; 3.77 to 718 m2/day; and 16 to 160 m2/day, by Jacob method it ranges from 3.90 to 436 m2/day; 3.73 to 769 m2/day; and 17.3 to 152 m2/day, by Hantush method it ranges from 1.63 to 189 m2/day; 0.53 to 755 m2/day; and 19.3 to 118 m2/day, while by numerical method it ranges from 3 to 455 m2/day, 3 to 700 m2/day, and 17 to 148 m2/day in pediplain with moderate weathering (PPM), pediplain with shallow weathering (PPS), and buried pediplain with shallow weathering (BPPS) geomorphologic units, respectively. Similarly, a radius of influences ranges from 9.75 to 1391.0 m; 8.0 to 698.09 m, and 380.78 to 433.76 m in PPS, PPM, and BPPS geomorphologic units, respectively. The aquifer parameters obtained by the pumping tests were correlated with the structural features and different geomorphologic units. It was found that these parameters have wide variations within each geomorphologic feature. The radius of influence of each test well was calculated and compared with the in situ measured discharge of various wells within the area. The high values of transmissivity (T) are attributed to aquifer controlled by fractured zone in the area.

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Test Method for Determining Transmissivity and Storage Coefficient of Low-Permeability Rocks by In Situ Measurements Using the Constant Head Injection Test

10.1520/d4630-96r02 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

In Situ Measurements ◽

Test Method ◽

Low Permeability ◽

Storage Coefficient ◽

Injection Test ◽

Constant Head ◽

And Storage

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Test Method for Determining Transmissivity and Storage Coefficient of Low-Permeability Rocks by In Situ Measurements Using the Constant Head Injection Test

10.1520/d4630-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

In Situ Measurements ◽

Test Method ◽

Low Permeability ◽

Storage Coefficient ◽

Injection Test ◽

Constant Head ◽

And Storage

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Hydraulic and strength properties of unexposed and freeze–thaw exposed cement-stabilized soils

Canadian Geotechnical Journal ◽

10.1139/cgj-2014-0100 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 283-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Reza Jolous Jamshidi ◽

Craig B. Lake

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Water Content ◽

Healing Process ◽

Hydraulic Performance ◽

Test Method ◽

Mix Design ◽

Conductivity Measurements ◽

Strength Performance ◽

Freeze Thaw

A total of 108 specimens were prepared to examine the hydraulic performance and strength performance of nine different cement-stabilized soils under unexposed and freeze–thaw exposed conditions. Specimens from each mix design were evaluated under two levels of curing conditions (i.e., immature versus mature). Hydraulic conductivity and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) measurements were performed to assess changes in the performance of specimens after 12 cycles of freezing at −10 ± 1 °C and thawing at 22 ± 1 °C. Measured mass losses of the specimens from a standard brushing test were also monitored at different freeze–thaw cycles, and results were compared with the changes in the hydraulic performance for each mix design. Hydraulic conductivity measurements on unexposed mature specimens showed that the lowest values likely occurred at water contents slightly wet of optimum water content (OWC). The UCS values showed a general decreasing trend with the increase in the water content for both immature and mature specimens under unexposed conditions. After freeze–thaw exposure, specimens showed minor reductions as well as increases of up to 5250 times in hydraulic conductivity values. Increases of up to 14% and reductions of up to 58% in compressive strength were also observed, compared with unexposed conditions. For most cases, mature specimens resulted in a higher degree of damage compared with immature specimens. Results from the brushing tests showed this test method is not a suitable indicator for predicting changes in the hydraulic performance of cement-stabilized soils. Hydraulic conductivity measurements after a period of post-exposure healing showed damaged specimens have some potential in recovering parts of the increased hydraulic conductivity value due to the healing process.

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