Occurrence of leek yellow stripe virus and onion yellow dwarf virus from edible Allium plants in the south Marmara region of Turkey

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the most important Allium spp. plants that are widely cultivated throughout the world. A significant reduction in yield and quality due to virus infection is now a serious economic problem (1). In many cases, garlic plants are infected with a variety of viruses, but elimination of these viruses is difficult because this crop is propagated through bulbs. Potyviruses, carlaviruses, and allexiviruses have been detected in diseased garlic. Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and Leek Yellow Stripe Virus (LYSV), genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae, are two important viral pathogens of garlic. Virus diseases of garlic are widespread in the world, causing serious damage to yields and quality of the crop. The East Mediterranean Region produces 14% of the garlic production of Turkey (110,000 t). A survey was done in garlic fields in Adana, Mersin, Kahramanmaras, Hatay, and Gaziantep provinces of Turkey where virus-like symptoms were noted in samples collected during the 2007–2008 growing season. Leaf and bulb samples were taken from 202 plants with leaf yellow stripe, mosaic, enations, and deformation or dwarfism symptoms. ELISA was performed with antibodies from Agdia (Elkhart, IN). Results indicated that 57 samples (28.2%) were infected with OYDV and 43 samples (21.2%) were infected with LYSV. In addition, 23 samples were determined to be infected by both viruses. All ELISA-positive samples and 10 ELISA-negative samples were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR with primers 1OYDV-G (5′ TTA CAT TCT AAT ACC AAG CA 3′) and 2OYDV-G (5′ GCA GGA GAT GGG GAG GAC GC 3′) for the detection of OYDV and primers 1LYSV (5′ TCA CTG CAT ATG CGC ACC AT 3′) and 2LYSV (5′ GCA CCA TAC AGT GAA TTG AG 3′) for the detection of LYSV. These primers were previously reported to be specific for the coat protein genes of OYDV and LYSV, respectively (2). Products of the expected size (774 bp for OYDV and 1,020 bp for LYSV) were amplified only from the ELISA-positive samples of the respective viruses, confirming infections by OYDV and LYSV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of OYDV and LYSV in garlic in Turkey. References: (1) L. Bos et al. Neth. J. Plant Pathol. 84:185, 1978. (2) T. V. M. Fajardo et al. Fitopatol. Bras. 26:619, 2001.

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First Report of Onion yellow dwarf virus, Leek yellow stripe virus, and Garlic common latent virus on Garlic in Croatia

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-08-15-0952-pdn ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 656 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. Vončina ◽

K. Ćurić ◽

S. Fabek ◽

N. Toth

Keyword(s):

Latent Virus ◽

Yellow Dwarf ◽

Dwarf Virus ◽

Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽

First Report ◽

Leek Yellow Stripe Virus ◽

Garlic Common Latent Virus ◽

Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽

Yellow Stripe

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Effects of Onion Yellow Dwarf and Leek Yellow Stripe Viruses on Symptomatology and Yield Loss of Three French Garlic Cultivars

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.1998.82.12.1381 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 82 (12) ◽

pp. 1381-1385 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Hervé Lot ◽

Véronique Chovelon ◽

Sylvie Souche ◽

Brigitte Delecolle

Keyword(s):

Yield Loss ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Yellow Dwarf ◽

Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Potential Yield ◽

Leek Yellow Stripe Virus ◽

Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽

Yellow Stripe ◽

The Impact

This study was conducted to determine the effect of two potyviruses, onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV), on the symptoms, growth, and potential yield loss of garlic (Allium sativum). For 2 consecutive years, the impact on leaf length, pseudostem diameter, and bulb weight was evaluated after mechanical inoculation of cultivars Messidrome, Germidour, and Printanor, the three main garlic cultivars grown in France. The reduction in bulb weight due to OYDV ranged from 39% for Germidour to about 60% for the two other cultivars. For LYSV, the reduction in bulb weight was less on Messidrome (17%) and Germidour (26%) than on Printanor (54%). Coinfection with both viruses further reduced growth and bulb weight. When cloves originating from bulbs infected by each virus alone or a mixture of both viruses were planted, results indicated that such chronic infection induced further yield reduction. An assay designed to evaluate the role of LYSV inoculation date on yield revealed that yield losses were the lowest for late-season infections. However, yield loss was greater than 30% when the inoculation was performed at the end of April, the time when natural contamination generally occurs in southern France. A comparison of the impact of mixed infections of OYDV and LYSV from different origins suggested that the isolates did not differ significantly in their effects on yield loss.

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Insiden Penyakit Virus Tular Umbi pada Tigabelas Varietas Bawang Merah Asal Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah

Jurnal Hortikultura ◽

10.21082/jhort.v21n2.2011.p164-172 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 164

Author(s):

Neni Gunaeni ◽

Astri W Wulandari ◽

Ati Srie Duriat ◽

Agus Muharam

Keyword(s):

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Yellow Dwarf ◽

Dwarf Virus ◽

Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Virus Diseases ◽

Double Antibody ◽

Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽

Yellow Stripe ◽

Das Elisa

Penyakit virus tular umbi merupakan salah satu kendala dalam meningkatkan produksi bawang merah. Hal ini disebabkan oleh virus yang infeksinya bersifat sistemik. Apabila partikel virus berada dalam jaringan benih umbi, maka akan sulit untuk dikendalikan dan dapat membawa masalah baru pada pertanaman berikutnya. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui insiden penyakit virus tular umbi pada 13 varietas bawang merah yang berasal dari Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rancaekek (elevasi 650 m dpl.) dan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang (elevasi 1.250 m dpl.), sejak bulan Agustus sampai November 2004. Perlakuan terdiri atas 13 varietas bawang merah, yaitu: Lodra, Sumenep, Batu, Merah Maja, Merah Cigugur, Ciniru, Bima, Bima Curut, Bima Timor, Bima Arjuna, Kuning Tablet, Kuning Gombong, dan Philipina. Rancangan yang digunakan ialah acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) insiden penyakit virus tular umbi pada masing-masing varietas bawang merah asal Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah berturut-turut yaitu varietas Lodra 84,67%, Sumenep 82,56-100%, Batu 39,86-78,67%, Merah Maja 95,25%, Merah Cigugur 100%, Ciniru 66,27%, Bima Curut 78,57%, Bima 100%, Bima Timor 57,98%, Bima Arjuna 47,96%, Kuning Tablet 57,48%, Kuning Gombong 97,92%, dan Philipina 97,92 %, (2) gejala infeksi virus pada daun umumnya berupa klorosis, mosaik bergaris kuning vertikal terputus-putus, garis-garis hijau vertikal, dan ukuran daun menjadi kecil, (3) gejala-gejala tersebut bereaksi positif dengan OYDV(onion yellow dwarf virus) dan SYSV (shallot yellow stripe virus) berdasarkan uji DAS-ELISA (double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). Informasi mengenai insiden virus tular umbi pada bawang merah ini sangat penting dalam rangka mengembangkan metode perbenihan bawang merah bebas virus. Virus disease is one of major problems in increasing shallots production, because its infection has a systemic character. If it is already in shallots bulb tissues, the virus is difficult to be controlled and will cause new problems to the next planting. The experiment was aimed to determine incidence of bulb-borne virus diseases on thirteen varieties of shallots (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) originated from West and Central Java. The experiment was carried out at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute Lembang (1,250 m asl.) and Rancaekek (650 m asl.), from August to November 2004. The shallot varieties tested were Lodra, Sumenep, Batu, Merah Maja, Merah Cigugur, Ciniru, Bima, Bima Curut, Bima Timor, Bima Arjuna, Kuning Tablet, Kuning Gombong, and Philipina. A randomized complete block design with three replications were used in this experiment. The results of the experiment showed that (1) incidence of virus diseases in shallots bulb on variety Lodra was 84.67%, Sumenep 82.56-100%, Batu 39.86-78.67%, Merah Maja 95.25%, Merah Cigugur 100%, Ciniru 66.27%, Bima Curut 78.57%, Bima 100%, Bima Timor 57.98%, Bima Arjuna 47.96%, Kuning Tablet 57.48%, Kuning Gombong 97.92%, and Philipina 97.92 %, (2) the virus symptoms exhibited on infected shallots were yellow stripe mosaic, chlorosis, green stripe leaf, and leaves became small, and (3) the symptoms were associated with OYDV (onion yellow dwarf virus) and SYSV (shallots yellow stripe virus) base on DAS-ELISA (double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). Information on the incidence of viral diseases on shallots bulb is very important to develop the production technology of virus-free shallots bulb.

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