scholarly journals Sequencing and sequence analysis of partial nucleoprotein (N) gene and phylogenetic analysis of rabies virus field isolates from Gujarat state, India

VirusDisease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-327
Author(s):  
Dhaval H. Vagheshwari ◽  
Bharat B. Bhanderi ◽  
Rafyuddin A. Mathakiya ◽  
Mayurdhvaj K. Jhala
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Nucleoprotein N

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of the Rabies Virus N-coding Region in Lithuanian Rabies Isolates

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280
Author(s):  
Dainius Zienius ◽  
Kristina Sajute ◽  
Henrikas Žilinskas ◽  
Arunas Stankevicius
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Nucleoprotein N

Rabies infection among wild and domestic animals constitutes a well-known problem in Lithuania, but only one dog rabies virus isolate sequence (1992) from Lithuania was used in the European rabies virus phylogenetic analysis. The objective of this work was to determine nucleoprotein (N) gene sequences and genetically characterize the rabies virus isolates in order to learn which virus group (biotype) is circulating in reservoir species in Lithuania. Classical rabies virus isolate nucleoprotein (N) gene sequences from different parts of Lithuania were found to be closely related to each other and demonstrated nucleotide identity from 97.7 to 100% and could be placed in one lineage with 100% bootstrap support. All 12 sequences of raccoon dogs, red foxes, dogs and marten rabies viruses exhibited 97.7 - 99.0% identity to previously published sequences from Eastern parts of Poland, Estonia, Finland, and the North-Eastern part of Russia. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all Lithuanian strains belong to the North East Europe (NEE) group of rabies virus.

scholarly journals Rabies virus strains circulating in Bhutan: implications for control

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
pp. 1457-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
TENZIN ◽  
S. WACHARAPLUESADEE ◽  
J. DENDUANGBORIPANT ◽  
N. K. DHAND ◽  
R. DORJI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
The World ◽  
Nucleoprotein N ◽  
Virus Strains

SUMMARYWe report a molecular epidemiological study of rabies virus (RABV) strains circulating in animal populations in Bhutan, and investigate potential origins of these viruses. Twenty-three RABV isolates originating from dogs and other domestic animals were characterized by sequencing the partial nucleoprotein (N) gene (395 bp). Phylogenetic analysis was conducted and the Bhutanese isolates were compared with rabies viruses originating from other parts of the world. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Bhutanese isolates were highly similar and were closely related to Indian strains and South Asian Arctic-like-1 viruses. Our study suggests that the rabies viruses spreading in southern parts of Bhutan have originated from a common ancestor, perhaps from the Indian virus strain.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR-GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF FIELD ISOLATES OF RABIES VIRUS IDENTIFIED IN THE TERRITORY OF VLADIMIR, MOSCOW, TVER, NIZHNY NOVGOROD AND RYAZAN REGIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
O. N. Zaykova ◽  
T. V. Grebennikova ◽  
A. M. Gulyukin ◽  
A. A. Shabeykin ◽  
I. V. Polyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Molecular Genetic Characterization

The article presents a molecular genetic study of genomes of field isolates of rabies virus isolated in the Vladimir, Moscow, Tver, Nizhny Novgorod and Ryazan regions, with the aim of carrying out phylogenetic analysis. We studied 20 samples of purified PCR products containing the rabies virus nucleoprotein. The samples were provided by the Vladimir veterinary service. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the gene showed that 12 fragments of isolates under study were close to the Central phylogenetic group of the rabies virus; namely - 5 isolates from the Vladimir region, 2 from the Nizhny Novgorod region, 2 from the Moscow region, and 3 from the Tver region. Eight studied isolates from the Nizhny Novgorod and Ryazan regions were attributed to the Eurasian phylogenetic group.

Typing of the rabies virus in Chile, 2002–2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (12) ◽  
pp. 2157-2162 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. YUNG ◽  
M. FAVI ◽  
J. FERNANDEZ
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Tadarida Brasiliensis ◽  
Insectivorous Bats ◽  
Nucleoprotein Gene ◽  
Nucleoprotein N

SUMMARYIn Chile, dog rabies has been controlled and insectivorous bats have been identified as the main rabies reservoir. This study aimed to determine the rabies virus (RABV) variants circulating in the country between 2002 and 2008. A total of 612 RABV isolates were tested using a panel with eight monoclonal antibodies against the viral nucleoprotein (N-mAbs) for antigenic typing, and a product of 320-bp of the nucleoprotein gene was sequenced from 99 isolates. Typing of the isolates revealed six different antigenic variants but phylogenetic analysis identified four clusters associated with four different bat species. Tadarida brasiliensis bats were confirmed as the main reservoir. This methodology identified several independent rabies enzootics maintained by different species of insectivorous bats in Chile.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF EPISOTIC PROCESS AND MOLECULAR-GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUS ISOLATES OF RABIES IN TVER REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
A. M. Gulukin ◽  
A. A. Shabejkin ◽  
V. V. Makarov ◽  
O. N. Zaykova ◽  
T. V. Grebennikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Temporal Features ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
Tver Region ◽  
Virus Isolates

Rabies epidemic situation in the Tver Region has been studied. Animals of different species that had confirmed clinical rabies were statistically analyzed. It was established that the features of the course of epizootics in the Tver region correspond to the regularities characteristic of rabies of the natural-focal type. As a result of sequencing of the rabies virus N gene and phylogenetic analysis, the isolates studied were assigned to the central phylogenetic group. With the help of the geoinformatic system, nosological maps of the Tver region were obtained and the spatial- temporal features of the course of the epizootic process of rabies infection were studied.

Evolutionary analysis of rabies virus using the partial Nucleoprotein and Glycoprotein gene in Mumbai region of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Raghunanth Pharande ◽  
Sharmila Badal Majee ◽  
Satish S. Gaikwad ◽  
S. D. Moregoankar ◽  
AnilKumar Bannalikar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Coalescent Analysis ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Indian Isolates ◽  
Highest Posterior Density

Nearly 1.7 million cases of dog bites are reported every year in India and many cases of animal rabies are left unattended and undiagnosed. Therefore, a mere diagnosis of rabies is not sufficient to understand the epidemiology and the spread of the rabies virus (RV) in animals. There is a paucity of information about the evolutionary dynamics of RV in dogs and its biodiversity patterns in India. In total, 50 dog-brain samples suspected of rabies were screened by the nucleoprotein- (N) and glycoprotein- (G) gene PCR. The N and G genes were subsequently sequenced to understand the molecular evolution in these genes. The phylogenetic analysis of the N gene revealed that six isolates in the Mumbai region belonged to a single Arctic lineage. Time-scaled phylogeny by Bayesian coalescent analysis of the partial N gene revealed that the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) for the sequences belonged to the cluster from 2006.68 with a highest posterior density of 95 % betweeen 2005–2008, which is assigned to Indian lineage I. Migration pattern revealed a strong Bayes factor between Mumbai to Delhi, Panji to Hyderabad, Delhi to Chennai, and Chennai to Chandigarh. Phylogenetic analysis of the G gene revealed that the RVs circulating in the Mumbai region are divided into three lineages. Time-scaled phylogeny by the Bayesian coalescent analysis method estimated that the TMRCA for sequences under study was from 1993 and Indian clusters was from 1962. In conclusion, the phylogenetic analysis of the N gene revealed that six isolates belonged to single Arctic lineages along with other Indian isolates and they were clustered into a single lineage but divided into three clades based on the G-gene sequences. The present study highlights and enhances the current molecular epidemiology and evolution of RV and revealed strong location bias and geographical clustering within Indian isolates on the basis of N and G genes.

scholarly journals Development of Primer Pairs from Molecular Typing of Rabies Virus Variants Present in Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Bastida-González ◽  
Dolores G. Ramírez-Hernández ◽  
Erika Chavira-Suárez ◽  
Eleazar Lara-Padilla ◽  
Paola Zárate-Segura
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Nucleoprotein N ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Vampire Bat

Nucleoprotein (N) gene from rabies virus (RABV) is a useful sequence target for variant studies. Several specific RABV variants have been characterized in different mammalian hosts such as skunk, dog, and bats by using anti-nucleocapsid monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) via indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test, a technique not available in many laboratories in Mexico. In the present study, a total of 158 sequences of N gene from RABV were used to design eight pairs of primers (four external and four internal primers), for typing four different RABV variants (dog, skunk, vampire bat, and nonhematophagous bat) which are most common in Mexico. The results indicate that the primer and the typing variant from the brain samples, submitted to nested and/or real-time PCR, are in agreement in all four singleplex reactions, and the designed primer pairs are an alternative for use in specific variant RABV typing.

scholarly journals Identification of novel canine rabies virus clades in the Middle East and North Africa

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan David ◽  
Gareth J. Hughes ◽  
Boris A. Yakobson ◽  
Irit Davidson ◽  
Hikmat Un ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
N Gene ◽  
North African ◽  
Canine Rabies ◽  
The North ◽  
Gene Alignment ◽  
Nucleoprotein N

Four novel phylogenetic clades of canine rabies virus (RABV) variants have been identified in the Middle East and North Africa. The three novel Middle Eastern clades comprise RABV isolates from the borders between Israel and neighbouring countries. The North African clade (Africa 4) comprises four RABV isolates from Egypt and one from Israel. We characterized various RABV lineages antigenically by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the nucleoprotein (N) and phylogenetically by analysis of entire N gene sequences. The estimated mean substitution rate for the N gene alignment (2.7×10−4 substitutions per site per year) is comparable with previous estimates for RABV. The application of a molecular clock indicates the emergence of current canine RABV diversity to have occurred at about the same time (approx. 1870) in the Middle East and Europe, following divergence from established lineages in Africa and Asia.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of rabies virus strain with N-gene that clustered with China lineage 2 co-circulating with Africa lineages in Monrovia, Liberia: first reported case in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Olarinmoye ◽  
V. Kamara ◽  
N. D. Jomah ◽  
B. O. Olugasa ◽  
O. O. Ishola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lineage 2 ◽  
Nucleoprotein N

AbstractDespite a long history of dog-transmitted human rabies outbreaks in Liberia, West Africa, no reports exist of molecular characterisation of the causative lyssaviruses. This study investigatedRabies lyssavirus(RABV) strains isolated at the dog–human interface in Monrovia, Liberia 2016 and 2017, by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, using primers specific for the nucleoprotein (N) gene. Out of 20 specimens (19 dog brain samples and one human saliva) tested as suspected rabies cases, three (15%) were positive. Purified amplicons from all three positive specimens were sequenced in both forward and reverse directions. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted in MEGA7 and PhyML3 to determine their relationship with RABV sequences accessioned in NCBI GenBank. The first of three RABV strains detected clustered with China lineage 2 RABVs of dogs (99% homology to KU963489 and DQ666322). The second strain segregated with Africa lineage 2 RABVs also of dog origin, and the third strain segregated with Africa lineage 3 RABVs of Southern Africa viverrids. Our results show a transcontinental strain of rabies virus co-circulating with Africa lineages in post-conflict Liberia. This finding should stimulate more effective sub-regional planning and execution of one-health actions, towards stepwise surveillance and elimination of rabies in West Africa by 2030.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis and victim contact tracing of rabies virus from humans and dogs in Bali, Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 1146-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. K. MAHARDIKA ◽  
N. DIBIA ◽  
N. S. BUDAYANTI ◽  
N. M. SUSILAWATHI ◽  
K. SUBRATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Phylogenetic Inference ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Dog Brain ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Nucleoprotein N ◽  
Potential Origin

SUMMARYThe emergence of human and animal rabies in Bali since November 2008 has attracted local, national and international interest. The potential origin and time of introduction of rabies virus to Bali is described. The nucleoprotein (N) gene of rabies virus from dog brain and human clinical specimens was sequenced using an automated DNA sequencer. Phylogenetic inference with Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis using the Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis by Sampling Trees (BEAST) v. 1.7.5 software confirmed that the outbreak of rabies in Bali was caused by an Indonesian lineage virus following a single introduction. The ancestor of Bali viruses was the descendant of a virus from Kalimantan. Contact tracing showed that the event most likely occurred in early 2008. The introduction of rabies into a large unvaccinated dog population in Bali clearly demonstrates the risk of disease transmission for government agencies and should lead to an increased preparedness and efforts for sustained risk reduction to prevent such events from occurring in future.

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